Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) is a powerful tool to realize intelligent and personalized learning. Its appearance and development has brought great opportunities and challenges for education. This paper gives a detailed description of the history and development of Intelligent Tutoring System. In this paper the authors clarify the concept and connotation of intelligent tutoring system. Then it describes the basic structure and essential components of intelligent tutoring system. The functions of each component and the latest research results are also introduced. At last, the paper summariz...