This paper examines how executive green cognition influences corporate ESG performance using data from Chinese listed companies. The results indicate that higher level of executive green cognition substantially enhance ESG performance. Specially, this paper finds that this positive impact is achieved through advancements in green innovation and improvements in the quality of environmental information disclosure. Additionally, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the benefits of executive green cognition on ESG performance are more significant in industries with lower competition and among non-s...