Neuronal morphology and network properties modulate signal propagation in multi-layer feedforward network
作者：
Li, Tianyu;Wu, Yong;Yang, Lijian;Fu, Ziying;Jia, Ya
期刊：
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS ,2023年172:113554 ISSN：0960-0779
通讯作者：
Jia, Y
作者机构：
[Wu, Yong; Yang, Lijian; Jia, Ya; Li, Tianyu] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Fu, Ziying] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jia, Y ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Multi-layer feedforward network;Weak signal propagation;Neuronal morphology;Network properties
摘要：
The propagation and detection of weak signals play a vital role in the central nervous system's information processing. In this paper, a biophysical two-compartment model is adopted to investigate how the neuronal morphology and network properties modulate signal propagation in a multi-layer feedforward network (FFN). The numerical simulation results show that neurons with larger dendrites have higher firing rates and better responses to weak signals. Similarly, the output layer of FFN constructed by larger-dendrite neurons also exhibits better responses. A suitable chaotic current is necessary for the propagation of weak signals. Excessively strong or weak chaotic current leads to propagation failure. Sparse connection and weak synaptic strength optimize the responses of the output layer, which is consistent with real biological networks observed in the brain. It is found that weak signal propagation in FFN is highly correlated with the regulation of firing rate. Our results may provide novel insights into the modeling of complex networks and network function implementation.
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英文
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Neural oscillations and learning performance vary with an instructor's gestures and visual materials in video lectures
作者：
Pi, Zhongling;Zhang, Yabo;Yu, Qiuchen;Zhang, Yi;Yang, Jiumin;...
期刊：
British Journal of Educational Technology ,2022年53(1):93-113 ISSN：0007-1013
通讯作者：
Yang, Jiumin(yjm@mail.ccnu.edu.cn)
作者机构：
[Pi, Zhongling] Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China;[Zhang, Yabo] Affiliated School of Xiamen Haicang Teachers' Training School, Xiamen, China;[Yu, Qiuchen; Zhang, Yi; Yang, Jiumin] Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China;[Zhao, Qingbai] School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
通讯机构：
[Jiumin Yang] F;Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
关键词：
electroencephalogram;gesture;instructor presence;video lectures
摘要：
Instructors' speech and gestures are tightly integrated. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms by which different types of gestures affect learning. We conducted two experiments on the effects of gestures in video lectures that included an instructor and slides, with English vocabulary as the topic. In Experiment 1, we manipulated the instructor's gestures (beat gestures vs. pointing gestures vs. depictive gestures) on neural oscillations and learning performance. The electroencephalogram results showed that students had higher alpha power and higher beta power when the instructor used pointing gestures, suggesting lower sensorimotor involvement in processing. Pointing gestures produced lower learning performance than beat gestures and depictive gestures. In Experiment 2, we manipulated the instructor's pointing gestures and the richness of visual materials in video lectures. The results showed that the effectiveness of pointing gestures was moderated by the richness of the visual materials on the slide. Specifically, pointing gestures were more effective for complex versus simple learning materials. The findings suggest that electroencephalogram oscillations and learning performance vary with the type of gesture the instructor uses and the richness of visual materials in video lectures. This study has applied value for designing effective video lectures in many disciplines: (1) When a video lecture includes simple visual materials, a beat gesture and depictive gesture would be better; (2) when a video lecture includes complex visual materials, the instructor can produce pointing gestures to single out the learning content they are talking about. Practitioner notes What is already known about this topic Instructors commonly produce gestures while they teach, and their gestures and speech are tightly integrated. Instructors often use three types of gestures: beat gestures, pointing gestures and depictive gestures. Different types of gestures influence learning via different neural mechanisms. What this paper adds Students' alpha power and beta power had lower amplitudes when observing an instructor's beat gestures, compared to pointing and depictive gestures. Students showed higher learning performance after viewing the video lectures with the instructor's beat and depictive gestures. An instructor's pointing gestures facilitated learning performance primarily in video lectures with complex visual materials (CVM) rather than simple visual material (SVM). Implications for practice and/or policy When a video lecture includes SVM, the instructor is encouraged to produce beat gestures and depictive gestures rather than pointing gestures. When a video lecture includes CVM, the instructor is encouraged to produce pointing gestures to single out the learning content they are talking about. © 2021 British Educational Research Association
语种：
英文
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Watching versus touching: The effectiveness of a touchscreen app to teach children to tell time
作者：
Wang, Fuxing* ;Gao, Chunying;Kaufman, Jordy;Tong, Yu;Chen, Jiaxue
期刊：
Computers & Education ,2021年160:104021 ISSN：0360-1315
通讯作者：
Wang, Fuxing
作者机构：
[Gao, Chunying; Wang, Fuxing; Chen, Jiaxue; Tong, Yu] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Kaufman, Jordy] Swinburne Univ Technol, Dept Psychol Sci, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.;[Wang, Fuxing] Cent China Normal Univ, 152 Luoyu St,Tianjiabing Bldg 302, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Fuxing] C;Cent China Normal Univ, 152 Luoyu St,Tianjiabing Bldg 302, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Gesture;Learning;Touchscreen;Transfer;Young children
摘要：
We examined the effectiveness of touchscreen media for teaching children to tell time from a clock. Experiment 1 was conducted with 123 preschoolers (M = 70.15 months, SD = 4.41) using two learning media: touchscreen and video, and three test media: iPad, toy, and paper, with between-subjects pre-and post-test design. After 10 min of exposure to the touchscreen or video learning media designed to teach children how to tell time, groups of children were tested with an iPad, a toy clock, or a clock printed on paper, respectively. Results showed that post-test scores across all groups were significantly higher than those at pre-test, for both learning media. Children in touchscreen-learning groups had a greater improvement from pre-test to post-test scores compared with video-learning groups. Moreover, children in iPad and toy test groups, had a greater improvement from pre-test to post-test scores than those in paper-test groups. Experiment 2 aimed to explore whether embodied cognition or the gesture as cues promoted children's learning and was conducted with 79 preschoolers (M = 70.92 months, SD = 4.80) using three learning media: touchscreen, gesture-watching, and nongesture-watching. Results showed that learning performance of the touchscreen group and gesture-watching group was better than that of the nongesture-watching group. Findings suggest that both the touchscreen and gesture-watching learning tools can improve young children's learning; children were able to transfer what they had learned on an iPad touchscreen to other media. Thus, it appears that gesture is a key factor in touchscreen learning. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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Exploring the influence of interactive network and collective knowledge construction mode on students’ perceived collective agency
作者：
Zhang, Si;Chen, Hongxian;Wen, Yun;Deng, Lu;Cai, Zhihui;...
期刊：
Computers & Education ,2021年171:104240 ISSN：0360-1315
通讯作者：
Zhang, Si(djzhangsi@mail.ccnu.edu.cn)
作者机构：
[Zhang, Si; Sun, Mengyu; Deng, Lu; Chen, Hongxian] Cent China Normal Univ, Fac Artificial Intelligence Educ, Hubei Res Ctr Educ Informationizat, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Wen, Yun] Nanyang Technol Univ, Natl Inst Educ, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore, Singapore.;[Cai, Zhihui] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Si Zhang] H;Hubei Research Center for Educational Informationization, Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
关键词：
Computer-mediated communication;Cooperative/collaborative learning;Pedagogical issues;Teaching/learning strategies
摘要：
Collective agency has been investigated in many empirical studies on collaborative learning. However, there is limited research investigating how participants develop collective agency via online collaborative learning, and the correlation between group interaction mode and collective agency. This mixed methods study investigates a class of 40 third-year college students' online learning underlying a multiple-agent interaction design where collective cognition and collective agency are prominent design features. Process and perception data were collected from multiple sources, including surveys, log records, content analysis of postings, and semi-structured interviews. The results of the study indicated the effectiveness of the multiple-agent interaction design, by analyzing students' collective agency and the collective knowledge construction via social network analysis and content analysis. The findings drawn from linear regression analysis further suggested that interactive network patterns within a group were generally not associated with students' perception of collective agency, but the network clustering coefficient was negatively associated with students' perception of collective agency. Moreover, inter-group interaction and collective knowledge construction process were generally not associated with students’ perception of collective agency. The study extends the literature on collective agency as it explores overt indicators, such as social network parameters, which may help to reflect the level of collective agency. Results also provide implications for online collaborative learning design and further research on collective agency. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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Facilitating goal setting and planning to enhance online self-regulation of learning
作者：
Wong, Jacqueline;Baars, Martine;He, Min;de Koning, Björn B.;Paas, Fred
期刊：
Computers in Human Behavior ,2021年124:106913 ISSN：0747-5632
通讯作者：
Wong, Jacqueline(wong@essb.eur.nl)
作者机构：
[Baars, Martine; de Koning, Björn B.] Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands;Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands;School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, China;School of Education/Early Start Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia;[Wong, Jacqueline] Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands<&wdkj&>Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
通讯机构：
[Jacqueline Wong] D;Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands<&wdkj&>Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
关键词：
Massive open online course (MOOC);Mental contrasting and implementation intentions (MCII);Motivation;Self-regulated learning (SRL);Video-based learning
摘要：
Online learning environments demand learners to self-regulate their learning but many learners are poor at self-regulated learning (SRL). In this paper, two studies were conducted to examine the effect of two SRL supports, i.e., guiding goal setting and planning using an approach known as mental contrasting and implementation intentions (MCII) and prompting SRL using videos, on motivation in the form of task value and self-efficacy, SRL in the form of persistence, task strategies, self-evaluation, and self-satisfaction, student engagement, performance, and goal attainment. In Study 1, a two (MCII, no MCII) by two (prompt, no prompt) between-subjects controlled experiment was conducted in an online video-based learning environment. Results showed that learners who completed the MCII had more sustained task value and higher persistence than learners who did not receive the MCII. Study 2 was conducted in five Massive Open Online Courses where we compared three conditions: MCII, goal only, and control. Results showed that there were no significant differences in SRL activities, course engagement and performance, and goal attainment among the three conditions. Collectively, the results suggest that the task duration in which learners’ goals can be attained (e.g., within one short session or over multiple weeks) might influence the effectiveness of MCII. © 2021 The Author(s)
语种：
英文
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Socioeconomic status and social networking site addiction among children and adolescents: Examining the roles of parents' active mediation and ICT attitudes
作者：
Sun, Xiaojun;Duan, Changying;Yao, Liangshuang;Zhang, Yamei;Chinyani, Tinashe;...
期刊：
Computers & Education ,2021年173:104292 ISSN：0360-1315
通讯作者：
Niu, Gengfeng(niugfpsy@mail.ccnu.edu.cn)
作者机构：
[Sun, Xiaojun; Chinyani, Tinashe; Niu, Gengfeng; Duan, Changying; Zhang, Yamei; Yao, Liangshuang] Cent China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Xiaojun; Chinyani, Tinashe; Niu, Gengfeng; Duan, Changying; Zhang, Yamei; Yao, Liangshuang] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Xiaojun; Niu, Gengfeng] Beijing Normal Univ, Cent China Normal Univ Branch, Collaborat Innovat Ctr, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gengfeng Niu] K;Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education;School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China<&wdkj&>School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China<&wdkj&>Beijing Normal University Collaboration Innovation Center, Central China Normal University Branch, Wuhan, 430079, China
关键词：
Active parental mediation;Children and adolescents;Parents' ICT attitude;Social networking site addiction;Socioeconomic status
摘要：
Social networking sites (SNS) addiction has become a social problem among young adolescents in many areas of the world. The current study examined the role of socioeconomic status (SES) in children and adolescents' SNS addiction, taking into account parents' attitudes and behavior with regard to information communication technology (ICT). Participants were 823 students (ages 9–15; 49.94 % girls) who completed questionnaires in their classrooms. The results showed that: (1) SES was negatively associated with SNS addiction; (2) active parental mediation mediated this association; and (3) parents' ICT attitude moderated this mediating effect; specifically, the association between SES and active parental mediation was weaker for parents with more positive attitudes toward ICT. These findings provide guidance for prevention and intervention related to children and adolescents’ SNS addiction. © 2021
语种：
英文
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Perceived stress and online compulsive buying among women: A moderated mediation model
作者：
Zheng, Yueli;Yang, Xiujuan;Liu, Qingqi;Chu, Xiaowei;Huang, Qitong;...
期刊：
Computers in Human Behavior ,2020年103:13-20 ISSN：0747-5632
通讯作者：
Zhou, Zongkui
作者机构：
[Zheng, Yueli; Chu, Xiaowei; Huang, Qitong; Yang, Xiujuan; Zhou, Zongkui; Liu, Qingqi] Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Yueli; Chu, Xiaowei; Huang, Qitong; Yang, Xiujuan; Zhou, Zongkui; Liu, Qingqi] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, Zongkui] M;Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Negative coping;Online compulsive buying;Perceived stress;Self-esteem;Women
摘要：
Although perceived stress has been shown to be related to online compulsive buying among women, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of this association. The present study examined the mediating role of negative coping and the moderating role of self-esteem in the association between perceived stress and online compulsive buying. A sample of 548 female consumers (M age = 21.41 years, SD = 4.40) completed questionnaire measures of perceived stress, self-esteem, negative coping, and online compulsive buying. Frequency of online buying and amount of money spent online per month were used as covariates. Results indicated that perceived stress was positively associated with online compulsive buying. Negative coping partially mediated this association. In addition, the direct effect of perceived stress on online compulsive buying, and the mediating effect of negative coping, were moderated by self-esteem. Specifically, these effects were weaker for women with higher self-esteem. These findings advance our understanding of how and when perceived stress is related to online compulsive buying among women. Limitations and implications are discussed. © 2019
语种：
英文
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Profiles of adolescent traditional and cyber bullying and victimization: The role of demographic, individual, family, school, and peer factors
作者：
Ding, Yue;Li, Dongping* ;Li, Xian;Xiao, Jiale;Zhang, Haiyan;...
期刊：
Computers in Human Behavior ,2020年111:106439 ISSN：0747-5632
通讯作者：
Li, Dongping
作者机构：
[Ding, Yue; Xiao, Jiale; Li, Dongping] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Xian] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.;[Zhang, Haiyan] SUNY Coll Cortland, Sch Psychol, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.;[Wang, Yanhui] Jiaying Univ, Sch Educ Sci, Meizhou 514015, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Dongping] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Cyber bullying and victimization;Latent profile analysis;Multiple risk exposure;Traditional bullying and victimization
摘要：
Cyber bullying and victimization are prevalent in the daily lives of a large number of individuals in the current digital age. Both traditional and cyber bullying and victimization among adolescents have raised global concern. Accumulating evidence suggests that there are inter-individual differences between patterns of bullying and victimization among adolescents. However, previous research has primarily relied on variable-centered approaches and failed to reveal the heterogeneity among groups with regard to bullying and victimization. Using a cross-sectional design, we included traditional and cyber bullying and victimization as indicators and employed a person-centered approach to identify distinct subgroups and their associations with demographic, individual, family, school, and peer factors. A total of 1,529 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 14.74 years, SD = 1.48) participated in the study. Latent profile analysis identified three profiles that evidenced heterogeneity of bullying and victimization groups: uninvolved group (92%), high traditional bully-victims group (6%), and high cyber bully-victims group (2%). The findings suggest that these distinct subgroups can be predicted by factors from multiple domains. High traditional bully-victims can be predicted by male, younger age, high depressive symptoms, low classmate support, and high deviant peer affiliation. High cyber bully-victims can be predicted by male, younger age, high depressive symptoms, high interparental conflict, and high deviant peer affiliation. In addition, interparental conflict, parental warmth and acceptance, school climate, and peer attachment can further differentiate high traditional bully-victims from high cyber bully-victims. Our results provide implications for tailored prevention and intervention strategies to reduce adolescent bullying and victimization. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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The long-term effect of media violence exposure on aggression of youngsters
作者：
Han, Lei;Xiao, Mengshi;Jou, Min* ;Hu, Lixia;Sun, Rui;...
期刊：
Computers in Human Behavior ,2020年106:106257 ISSN：0747-5632
通讯作者：
Jou, Min
作者机构：
[Hu, Lixia; Han, Lei; Xiao, Mengshi; Sun, Rui] Shandong Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China.;[Jou, Min] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Ind Educ, Taipei, Taiwan.;[Hu, Lixia; Zhou, Zhijin] Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jou, Min] N;Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Ind Educ, Taipei, Taiwan.
关键词：
Aggression;Anger;Long-term effect;Media violence exposure;Rumination
摘要：
The effect of media violence on aggression has always been a trending issue, and a better understanding of the psychological mechanism of the impact of media violence on youth aggression is an extremely important research topic for preventing the negative impacts of media violence and juvenile delinquency. From the perspective of anger, this study explored the long-term effect of different degrees of media violence exposure on the aggression of youngsters, as well as the role of aggressive emotions. The studies found that individuals with a high degree of media violence exposure (H-MVE) exhibited higher levels of proactive aggression in both irritation situations and higher levels of reactive aggression in low-irritation situations than did participants with a low degree of media violence exposure (L-MVE). After being provoked, the anger of all participants was significantly increased, and the anger and proactive aggression levels of the H-MVE group were significantly higher than those of the L-MVE group. Additionally, rumination and anger played a mediating role in the relationship between media violence exposure and aggression. Overall, this study enriches the theoretical understanding of the long-term effect of media violence exposure on individual aggression. Second, this study deepens our understanding of the relatively new and relevant phenomenon of the mechanism between media violence exposure and individual aggression. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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Using the theory of planned behavior and the role of social image to understand mobile English learning check-in behavior
作者：
Nie, Jia;Zheng, Chen;Zeng, Pan;Zhou, Bingping;Lei, Li* ;...
期刊：
Computers & Education ,2020年156:103942 ISSN：0360-1315
通讯作者：
Lei, Li
作者机构：
[Zheng, Chen; Zeng, Pan; Nie, Jia; Lei, Li] Renmin Univ China, Ctr Internet Social Psychol, Dept Psychol, 59 Zhongguancun St, Beijing 100872, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Bingping] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 152 Luoyu St, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Bingping] Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyber Psychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Pengcheng] Renmin Univ China, Sch Educ, 59 Zhongguancun St, Beijing 100872, Peoples R China.;[Lei, Li] Renmin Univ China, Dept Psychol, Beijing 100872, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Lei, Li] R;Renmin Univ China, Dept Psychol, Beijing 100872, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Mobile learning;Social media;Teaching/learning strategies
摘要：
As the number of mobile educational applications for foreign language learning grows, mobile English learning applications play a vital role in helping non-native English speakers learn English. However, the role of check-in services in mobile English learning remains to be explored. Mobile English learning check-in services allow learners to show their learning records on social networking sites, which is beneficial to improving users' actual engagement in English learning applications. The present study established a hypothetical model based on the theory of planned behavior, explaining the relationships between individuals’ attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, social image, and the intention to use mobile English learning check-in services, as well as the association between the intention and actual check-in behavior. This study adopted an approach of covariance-based structural equation modeling to analyze the self-report data of 676 mobile English learners. Our results showed that attitude and perceived behavioral control were positively related to the intention to use mobile English learning check-in services, and social image mediated the relationship between subjective norms and intention. In turn, the intention was positively correlated with the frequency and the duration of use. These findings can help mobile learners develop good learning habits and provide useful suggestions for web-based course designers. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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RBinds: A user-friendly server for RNA binding site prediction
作者：
Wang, Huiwen;Zhao, Yunjie*
期刊：
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal ,2020年18:3762-3765 ISSN：2001-0370
通讯作者：
Zhao, Yunjie
作者机构：
[Zhao, Yunjie] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, Yunjie] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
RNA;Binding site prediction;Network
摘要：
RNA performs various biological functions by interacting with other molecules. The knowledge of RNA binding sites is essential for the understanding of RNA-protein or RNA-ligand complex structures and their mechanisms. However, the RNA binding site prediction study requires tedious programming scripts and manual handling. One user-friendly bioinformatics tool for RNA binding site prediction has been missing. This limitation motivated us to develop the RBinds, a user-friendly web server, to predict the RNA binding site using a simple graphical user interface. Some advanced features implemented in RBinds are (1) transforming the RNA structure to a network automatically; (2) analyzing the structural network properties to predict binding site; (3) constructing one annotated force-directed network; (4) providing a visualization tool for users to scale and rotate the structure; (5) offering the related tools to predict or simulate RNA structures. RBinds web server is a reliable and user-friendly tool and facilitates the RNA binding site study without installing programs locally. RBinds is freely accessible at http://zhaoserver.com.cn/RBinds/RBinds.html. © 2020 The Author(s)
语种：
英文
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Twisting mode of supercoil leucine-rich domain mediates peptide sensing in FLS2-flg22-BAK1 complex
作者：
Liu, Zhi-Chao;Liu, Qin;Chen, Chan-You;Zeng, Chen;Ran, Peng;...
期刊：
中国物理B ,2020年29(10):108709 ISSN：1674-1056
通讯作者：
Zhao, Yun-Jie;Pan, Lei
作者机构：
[Ran, Peng; Liu, Zhi-Chao] Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun, Sch Biol Informat, Chongqing 400065, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Yun-Jie] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Yun-Jie] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Ran, Peng; Zeng, Chen; Liu, Zhi-Chao] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA.;[Liu, Qin; Pan, Lei; Chen, Chan-You] Jianghan Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430056, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, Yun-Jie] C;[Pan, Lei] J;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;Jianghan Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430056, Peoples R China.
关键词：
plant immunity;flagellin-sensitive 2;peptide sensing mechanism
摘要：
Plants and animals recognize microbial invaders by detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). This recognition plays a crucial role in plant immunity. The newly discovered protein in plants that responds to bacterial flagellin, i.e., flagellin-sensitive 2 (FLS2), is ubiquitously expressed and present in many plants. The association of FLS2 and BAK1, facilitated by a highly conserved epitope flg22 of flagellin, triggers such downstream immune responses as activated MAPK pathway and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) for bacterial defense and plant immunity. Here we study the intrinsic dynamics and conformational change of FLS2 upon the formation of the FLS2–flg22–BAK1 complex. The top intrinsic normal modes and principal structural fluctuation components are very similar, showing two bending modes and one twisting mode. The twisting mode alone, however, accounts for most of the conformational change of FLS2 induced by binding with flg22 and BAK1. This study indicates that flg22 binding suppresses FLS2 conformational fluctuation, especially on the twisting motion, thus facilitating FLS2–BAK1 interaction. A detailed analysis of this sensing mechanism may aid better design on both PRR and peptide mimetics for plant immunity.
语种：
英文
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Methods and applications of RNA contact prediction
作者：
Wang, Huiwen;Zhao, Yunjie*
期刊：
中国物理B ,2020年29(10):108708 ISSN：1674-1056
通讯作者：
Zhao, Yunjie
作者机构：
[Zhao, Yunjie] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, Yunjie] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
RNA structure;contact prediction;direct coupling analysis;network;machine learning
摘要：
The RNA tertiary structure is essential to understanding the function and biological processes. Unfortunately, it is still challenging to determine the large RNA structure from direct experimentation or computational modeling. One promising approach is first to predict the tertiary contacts and then use the contacts as constraints to model the structure. The RNA structure modeling depends on the contact prediction accuracy. Although many contact prediction methods have been developed in the protein field, there are only several contact prediction methods in the RNA field at present. Here, we first review the theoretical basis and test the performances of recent RNA contact prediction methods for tertiary structure and complex modeling problems. Then, we summarize the advantages and limitations of these RNA contact prediction methods. We suggest some future directions for this rapidly expanding field in the last.
语种：
英文
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Trace, Machine Learning of Signal Images for Trace-Sensitive Mass Spectrometry: A Case Study from Single-Cell Metabolomics
作者：
Liu, Zhichao;Portero, Erika P.;Jian, Yiren;Zhao, Yunjie;Onjiko, Rosemary M.;...
期刊：
Analytical Chemistry ,2019年91(9):5768-5776 ISSN：0003-2700
通讯作者：
Zeng, Chen;Nemes, Peter
作者机构：
[Liu, Zhichao; Jian, Yiren; Zeng, Chen] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA.;[Onjiko, Rosemary M.; Portero, Erika P.; Nemes, Peter] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.;[Zhao, Yunjie] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Yunjie] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zeng, Chen] G;[Nemes, Peter] U;George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA.;Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
摘要：
Recent developments in high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) technology enabled ultrasensitive detection of proteins, peptides, and metabolites in limited amounts of samples, even single cells. However, extraction of trace-abundance signals from complex data sets (m/z value, separation time, signal abundance) that result from ultrasensitive studies requires improved data processing algorithms. To bridge this gap, we here developed "Trace", a software framework that incorporates machine learning (ML) to automate feature selection and optimization for the extraction of trace-level signals from HRMS data. The method was validated using primary (raw) and manually curated data sets from single-cell metabolomic studies of the South African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) embryo using capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization HRMS. We demonstrated that Trace combines sensitivity, accuracy, and robustness with high data processing throughput to recognize signals, including those previously identified as metabolites in single-cell capillary electrophoresis HRMS measurements that we conducted over several months. These performance metrics combined with a compatibility with MS data in open-source (mzML) format make Trace an attractive software resource to facilitate data analysis for studies employing ultrasensitive high-resolution MS. © 2019 American Chemical Society.
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Self-control makes the difference: The psychological mechanism of dual processing model on internet addicts’ unusual behavior in intertemporal choice
作者：
Li, Hongxia* ;Guo, Yafei;Yu, Quanlei
期刊：
Computers in Human Behavior ,2019年101:95-103 ISSN：0747-5632
通讯作者：
Li, Hongxia
作者机构：
[Li, Hongxia] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Guo, Yafei] ShanghaiTech Univ, Sch Entrepreneurship & Management, Shanghai, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Quanlei] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Hongxia] T;Tsinghua Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Dual processing model;Internet addicts;Intertemporal choice;Self-control
摘要：
People may often encounter a dilemma where they have to choose between smaller but immediate benefits and larger but delayed rewards, which is termed intertemporal choice. To explore the unusual behavior in intertemporal choice among those who are addicted to internet, a dual processing model, which is at present limited to the neural science, is tested and further extended to behavioral domain through a series of laboratory experiment. Study 1 tested and supported the dual processing model on intertemporal choice, showing that the hot processing and cold processing systems displayed an interacting effect on internet addicts' behaviors in intertemporal choice. Study 2 examined different features of processing type among internet addicts and common people, finding that internet addicts did not show preference over any kind of three processing types as common people did. Moreover, we found that level of self-control displayed a mediating effect on internet addicts and healthy control's different behavior in intertemporal choice. At last, study 3 manipulated the level of self-control to explore the mediator effect on internet addicts' unusual behavior in intertemporal choice, showing that self-control mediated the relationship between subject type and intertemporal choice. The findings indicated that the self-control as the psychological mechanism in the intertemporal choice. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
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英文
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Search for Lepton-Universality Violation in B+ → K+l+l- Decays
作者：
Aaij, R.* ;Beteta, C. Abellan;Adeva, B.;Adinolfi, M.;Aidala, C. A.;...
期刊：
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS ,2019年122(19):191801 ISSN：0031-9007
通讯作者：
Aaij, R.
作者机构：
[Ketel, T.; Mulder, M.; Tuning, N.; Butter, J.; Hynds, D.; van Tilburg, J.; Sanchez Gras, C.; Veronesi, M.; Aaij, R.; Greim, R.; van Beuzekom, M.; de Vries, A.; kostiuk, I.; Jans, E.; Bel, L. J.; Esen, S.; Dall'Occo, E.; Pellegrino, A.; Vitkovskiy, A.; Merk, M.; Onderwater, C. J. G.; Archilli, F.; van Veghel, M.; Koppenburg, P.; Raven, G.; Sole, S. Ferreres; Sierra, C. Vazquez; Govorkova, E.; Benson, S.; Hulsbergen, W.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.;[Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, R.; Massafferri, A.; Cruz Torres, M.; De Miranda, J. M.; Soares Lavra, L.; Gomes, A.; Bediaga, I.; dos Reis, A. C.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Lopes, J. H.; Polycarpo, E.; Souza De Paula, B.; Gandelman, M.; Gobel, C.; Rangel, M. S.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.; Hicheur, A.; Otalora Goicochea, J. M.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Silva de Oliveira, L.; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Amato, S.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Cai, H.; Jiang, F.; Dey, B.; Yu, J.; Yin, H.; Xu, A.; Liu, G.; Wang, Y.; Xu, M.; Ren, Z.; Tang, Z.; Xiao, D.; Li, H.; Xu, Z.; Wang, M.; Hu, W.; Gu, C.; Sun, J.; Xing, H.; Han, Q.; Chen, C.; Zhu, X.; Sun, L.; Luo, Y.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, C.; Xie, Y.; Mukherjee, M.; Zeng, M.; Zhang, L.; Gan, Y.; Liu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Beliy, N.; Lyu, X.; Szymanski, M.; Xu, Q.; Huang, W.; Li, P. -R.; He, J.; Saur, M.; Qian, W.; Qin, J.; Zheng, Y.; Vieira, D.] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Aaij, R.] N;Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
摘要：
A measurement of the ratio of branching fractions of the decays B+→K+μ+μ-and B+→K+e+e-is presented. The proton-proton collision data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb-1 recorded with the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. For the dilepton mass-squared range 1.1<q2<6.0 GeV2/c4 the ratio of branching fractions is measured to be RK=0.846-0.054+0.060-0.014+0.016, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. This is the most precise measurement of RK to date and is compatible with the standard model at the level of 2.5 standard deviations. © 2019 CERN.
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英文
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Elaborated feedback and learning: Examining cognitive and motivational influences
作者：
Wang, Zhen;Gong, Shao-Ying* ;Xu, Sheng;Hu, Xiang-En
期刊：
Computers & Education ,2019年136:130-140 ISSN：0360-1315
通讯作者：
Gong, Shao-Ying
作者机构：
[Gong, Shao-Ying; Wang, Zhen; Xu, Sheng; Hu, Xiang-En] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Gong, Shao-Ying; Wang, Zhen; Xu, Sheng; Hu, Xiang-En] Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gong, Shao-Ying] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Evaluation of CAL systems;Interactive learning environments;Pedagogical issues;Teaching/learning strategies
摘要：
The effects of feedback vary widely and little is known about how feedback influences learning. This study investigated the complexity of elaborated feedback (additional instructional information of the correct answer) and item format as influences on learning in a computer-based formative assessment. Undergraduate students (N = 107) were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions formed by a 2 (complexity of elaborated feedback: detailed explanation in the form of concise problem-solving steps or cue in the form of key formula) × 2 (item format: multiple-choice items or constructed-response items which require learners to produce answers without response alternatives) factorial design. Results revealed that item format moderated the effect of feedback complexity on learning: Detailed explanation promoted learners' feedback perception (learners’ response to the quality and use of feedback) and transfer performance in the constructed-response item condition. Detailed explanation resulted in lower extraneous cognitive load but higher germane cognitive load and learning motivation than cue; constructed-response items resulted in lower intrinsic and extraneous cognitive load but higher germane cognitive load than multiple-choice items. Furthermore, the assumed indirect effects were verified: Feedback perception fully mediated the moderating effect of item format on feedback complexity and transfer performance; feedback complexity had an indirect effect on transfer performance via germane cognitive load. The results have implications for matching item type and feedback type to maximize learning. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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School disconnectedness and Adolescent Internet Addiction: Mediation by self-esteem and moderation by emotional intelligence
作者：
Peng, Wenya;Li, Dongping* ;Li, Danli;Jia, Jichao;Wang, Yanhui;...
期刊：
Computers in Human Behavior ,2019年98:111-121 ISSN：0747-5632
通讯作者：
Li, Dongping
作者机构：
[Peng, Wenya; Li, Dongping; Jia, Jichao] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China;[Li, Danli] Shaanxi Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Xian 710062, Shaanxi, Peoples R China;[Wang, Yanhui] Jiaying Univ, Sch Educ Sci, Meizhou 514015, Guangdong, Peoples R China;[Sun, Wenqiang] Anhui Normal Univ, Coll Educ Sci, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, Peoples R China
通讯机构：
[Li, Dongping] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Adolescents;Emotional intelligence;Internet addiction;Moderated mediation;School disconnectedness;Self-esteem
摘要：
A growing body of research has shown that school disconnectedness (low school bonding) is a salient risk factor for internet addiction (IA) among adolescents. However, the mediating and moderating mechanisms linking school disconnectedness to IA are still not well understood. This study examined whether self-esteem mediates the relationship between school disconnectedness and IA, and whether this mediating process is moderated by emotional intelligence. A total of 2758 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 13.53 years, SD = 1.06) completed a series of anonymous questionnaires on demographic variables, school disconnectedness, self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and IA. After controlling for demographic variables, school disconnectedness was found to be positively associated with IA among adolescents. Mediation analysis indicated that self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between school disconnectedness and IA. Moderated mediation analysis further revealed that emotional intelligence moderated the associations between school disconnectedness and adolescent self-esteem and IA. The negative relationship between school disconnectedness and self-esteem and the positive relationship between school disconnectedness and IA were stronger in adolescents with higher levels of emotional intelligence, showing reverse risk-buffering effects. These findings elucidate the role of contextual factors (such as school disconnectedness) and personal factors (such as self-esteem and emotional intelligence) in adolescent IA, and suggest that comprehensive and holistic intervention programs may be promising for reducing IA among adolescents. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
语种：
英文
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DIRECT: RNA contact predictions by integrating structural patterns
作者：
Jian, Yiren;Wang, Xiaonan;Qiu, Jaidi;Wang, Huiwen;Liu, Zhichao;...
期刊：
BMC Bioinformatics ,2019年20(1):1-12 ISSN：1471-2105
通讯作者：
Zhao, Yunjie;Zeng, Chen
作者机构：
[Qiu, Jaidi; Wang, Huiwen; Jian, Yiren; Wang, Xiaonan; Zhao, Yunjie] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Qiu, Jaidi; Wang, Huiwen; Jian, Yiren; Wang, Xiaonan; Zhao, Yunjie] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Zhichao; Jian, Yiren; Zeng, Chen] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, Yunjie] C;[Zeng, Chen] G;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
关键词：
RNA;Restricted Boltzmann machine;Coevolution;Nucleotide-nucleotide interaction
摘要：
Background: It is widely believed that tertiary nucleotide-nucleotide interactions are essential in determining RNA structure and function. Currently, direct coupling analysis (DCA) infers nucleotide contacts in a sequence from its homologous sequence alignment across different species. DCA and similar approaches that use sequence information alone typically yield a low accuracy, especially when the available homologous sequences are limited. Therefore, new methods for RNA structural contact inference are desirable because even a single correctly predicted tertiary contact can potentially make the difference between a correct and incorrectly predicted structure. Here we present a new method DIRECT (Direct Information REweighted by Contact Templates) that incorporates a Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) to augment the information on sequence co-variations with structural features in contact inference. Results: Benchmark tests demonstrate that DIRECT achieves better overall performance than DCA approaches. Compared to mfDCA and plmDCA, DIRECT produces a substantial increase of 41 and 18%, respectively, in accuracy on average for contact prediction. DIRECT improves predictions for long-range contacts and captures more tertiary structural features. Conclusions: We developed a hybrid approach that incorporates a Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) to augment the information on sequence co-variations with structural templates in contact inference. Our results demonstrate that DIRECT is able to improve the RNA contact prediction. © 2019 The Author(s).
语种：
英文
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Conceptions of Artificial Intelligence and Singularity
作者：
Pei Wang 0002;Kai Liu;Quinn Dougherty
期刊：
Information (Switzerland) ,2018年9(4):79- ISSN：2078-2489
通讯作者：
Wang, Pei(pei.wang@temple.edu)
作者机构：
[Quinn Dougherty] Philly AGI Team, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.;[Kai Liu] School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China;[Pei Wang 0002] Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
通讯机构：
[Pei Wang] D;Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
关键词：
Artificial general intelligence;Non-axiomatic reasoning system;Technical singularity
摘要：
In the current discussions about "artificial intelligence" (AI) and "singularity", both labels are used with several very different senses, and the confusion among these senses is the root of many disagreements. Similarly, although "artificial general intelligence" (AGI) has become a widely used term in the related discussions, many people are not really familiar with this research, including its aim and status. We analyze these notions, and introduce the results of our own AGI research. Our main conclusions are that: (1) it is possible to build a computer system that follows the same laws of thought and shows similar properties as the human mind, but, since such an AGI will have neither a human body nor human experience, it will not behave exactly like a human, nor will it be "smarter than a human" on all tasks; and (2) since the development of an AGI requires a reasonably good understanding of the general mechanism of intelligence, the system's behaviors will still be understandable and predictable in principle. Therefore, the success of AGI will not necessarily lead to a singularity beyond which the future becomes completely incomprehensible and uncontrollable. © 2018 by the authors.
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