摘要:
“Chufei(除非)” may be used to express either the only necessary condition, denoted by “chufei1”, or the exclusive object or condition, denoted by “chufei2”. The exclusive clause of “chufei(除非)” may pre-cede or follow the associated (main) clause. The exclusive clause of “chufei(除非)” and its conclusion clause have positive and negative forms, and the conclusion clauses are distributed in both realistic and non-realistic types of modality, forming a variety of sentence patterns.
摘要:
This text put forward a framework of "P (x,y 又), Q" causal construction, where the mark isn't as obvious as other constructions and give an in-depth discussion of its' syntactical-semantic constraints and restriction mechanism in discourses. Syntactically, it behaves a certain type of Gestalt and n+1 (n〉2) is the prototype. Semantically, the construction is constrainted by the logical basis, conjunctional marks, expression way and ellipsis. Pragmatically the first performance of the discourse constraints behaves in different order, where the cognitive domain and syntactic-semantic characteristics are either different. Conversely, once the construction formed, there'll be counterforces to the phenomenon of mismatches. Finally, we advocate complex sentences should be a supeior observation point during discussion of discourse constructions.
摘要:
This paper focuses on the formation of modal adverb Qiqi(期期) and mimetic word Qiqi(期期), by pointing out that it is a language phenomenon formed gradually owing to cognitive differentiation of a salient event. The overlapping use dates from Shiji(史记), which records it as a speech error phenomenon due to Zhou Chang(周昌)--a royal official's stutter. The historical record and diffusion makes it a salient event so that the overlapping use of Qiqi(期期) can remain and diffuse for a long time. During Ming(明) and Qing(清) dynasties, with the speeding up of Chinese lexical disyllablization tendency, Qiqi(期期) gradually achieves evolution from grammatical formation overlapping to word formation overlapping, thus obtaining two results-- --modal adverb Qiqi(期期) and mimetic word Qiqi(期期). The formation is mainly caused by the differentiation of cognitive results concerning the salient event the popular overlapping of Qiqi(期期) due to Zhou Chang's(周昌) stutter as well as the effect of many factors like the syntactic pattern Qiqi(期期) is in, the adjustment of word class status of modal adverb Qi(期), Chinese lexical disyllabification tendency and so on This paper indicates that a salient event plays an indispensable role in pushing the production and development of a newly-emerging language phenomenon so as to be worth paying close attention to and researching on.