摘要：
<正>由中国英汉语比较研究会英汉语篇分析专业委员会、中国英汉语比较研究会功能语言学专业委员会和华中师范大学外国语学院联合举办的第20届功能语言学与语篇分析高层论坛于2017年9月21日至22日在武汉成功举办。本届高层论坛以"跨语言视野中的系统功能语言学（SFL from a Cross-Linguistic Perspective）"为主题,集中讨论功能语言学观照下的汉语研究、跨语言比较、翻译研究、生态语言学等方面的问题。论坛共邀请到国内
作者机构：
[Yong Wang; Yingfang Zhou] School of Foreign Languages, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
通讯机构：
[Yong Wang] S;School of Foreign Languages, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
摘要：
近几年关于语言共性的讨论一直是国外语言学研究的热点问题,且不说不计其数的单篇论文、专著和论文集,各专业期刊纷纷发起讨论、集中发表讨论文章就有五次之多,分别是:Studies in Language(28/3)(2004)、Behavioral and Brain Science(32/5)(2009)(后简作BBS)、Language(86/3)(2010)、Lingua(120)(2010)、N
作者机构：
[Ying Wang] Department of Basic Courses, Hubei Vocational College of Bio-Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China;[Xiaofang Gao] School of Foreign Languages, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
通讯机构：
[Xiaofang Gao] S;School of Foreign Languages, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
关键词：
class presentation;role expectation differences;teachers’ roles
摘要：
Students’ presentation is a research-based in-class activity to present views, supporting details or research results on a given topic. Undoubtedly, teachers play important roles in presentations and teachers’ roles are quite different from students’ roles in this activity due to the different role expectations between them. However, in most cases, neither teachers nor students are very clear about the differences between teachers’ role expectations and students’ role expectations, which results in problems such as misunderstandings, low efficiency, information asymmetry, etc. This article intends to explore these differences by conducting a questionnaire survey. The research was carried out among 60 postgraduates who major in English and 10 teachers from a normal university. Research results show great differences between teachers’ and students’ role expectations and suggestions for narrowing the gaps are also addressed in the paper.
作者机构：
[Zhou, Bin; Zhao, Shuwen] Wuhan Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Wei] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Foreign Languages, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Yushi; Wang, Youfa; Xue, Xianya] Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Zhiyong] Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Silicate Mat Architectures, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Youfa Wang; Bin Zhou] S;School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
摘要：
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>It is held that existentials in Chinese express the existence of things rather than events. We propose the term<jats:italic>event-existential</jats:italic>, in contrast to thing-existentials, to capture those clauses whose existents are obviously events. These include the so-called pseudo-existentials, clauses with the possessor as subject and the possessed as object, (dis)appearance existentials, etc. Though the two types of existentials are both composed of "NG<jats:sub>L</jats:sub>^ VG ^ NG", the syntax is different. In thing-existentials, the clause-final NG constitutes the existent, whose existence is expressed through the configuration of the three elements as such. In event-existentials, the configuration of "VG ^ NG" expresses the event, whose existence is then asserted through its alignment with the clause-initial NG<jats:sub>L</jats:sub>. Apart from existence, event-existentials show the semantic features of eventuality, impersonality, and ergativity. The two types of existentials form a continuum, each occupying a pole and relating to the other through different degrees of thingness/eventuality, i.e., different degrees of prominence of the clause-final NG and the clause-middle VG and of the integration of the two.</jats:p>
期刊：
FUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE,2013年20(1):1-30 ISSN：0929-998X
通讯作者：
Wang, Yong
作者机构：
[Wang, Yong] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Foreign Languages, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Jie] Univ Macau, Fac Social Sci & Humanities, Taipa, Macau, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yong] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Foreign Languages, 152 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Yong] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Foreign Languages, 152 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
摘要：
In this article, we examine locational constructions (including existentials, locatives, and possessives) in a number of languages. Morpho-syntactically, locationals resemble or are related to one another in word order, in case marking, and in the choice of verbs. In semantics, the relatedness lies in the definiteness effect, in the locative feature, and in the mutually defining relationship between the semantic elements within each construction. As is recognized by Heine (1997), Stassen (2001) and others, the existential is one of the major sources from which possessives are derived. Basically, possessive constructions are existentials whose locative elements are prototypically human. We argue that locational constructions are relational processes and that they can be integrated into a systemic network with respect to two semantic features, i.e., the definiteness of the existent element and the humanness of the locative element. This systemic relationship between locationals has implications for the description and comparison of languages within the Systemic Functional Grammar framework, particularly where locationals are concerned.
摘要：
Typological studies show that world languages fall into three types in terms of the semantic element which is primarily responsible for the expression of weather. They are:1) Process expressing weather, 2) Participant expressing weather, and 3) Process and Participant expressing weather collectively. As events lacking inherent participants, meteorological phenomena are typically expressed as impersonal constructions, with the semantic load falling mainly on the Process (e.g. It’s raining in English and 下雨了in Chinese). The present study compares and contrasts an English and a Chinese text of weather forecast. It is found that the congruent expression of meteorological process is seldom employed, if at all. Weather events are mostly expressed through grammatical metaphor, i.e. via nominalization and transference of process types, e.g. via relational processes and material processes, etc. The English text is more grammatically metaphorized both in terms of the type of process types and the participant role. Another finding is that, apart from the transitive model, the ergative model is used to a considerable degree, though the English text is more oriented to the transitive model, and the Chinese text to the ergative. In the former, such indefinite pronouns as we and you are used very often so that both people and the weather event are involved in the transitive model. The latter employs the impersonal construction a lot. These similarities and differences are the outcome of the semantic features of meteorological phenomena and typological features of both languages.
