通讯机构：
[Yang, Xu] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Lab Environm Biomed, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) is a plasticizer that is frequently used as a substitute for other plasticizers whose use is prohibited in certain products. In vivo studies on the neurotoxicity of DINP are however, limited. This work aims to investigate whether DINP causes neurobehavioral changes in mice and to provide useful advice on preventing the occurrence of these adverse effects. Behavioral analysis showed that oral administration of 20 or 200 mg/kg/day DINP led to mouse cognitive deficits and anxiety. Brain histopathological observations, immunohistochemistry assays (cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 [caspase-3], glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]), oxidative stress assessments (reactive oxygen species [ROS], glutathione [GSH], superoxide dismutase [SOD] activities, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine [8-OH-dG] and DNA-protein crosslinks [DPC]), and assessment of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-small a, Cyrillic] and interleukin-1 beta [IL-1beta]) of mouse brains showed that there were histopathological alterations in the brain and increased levels of oxidative stress, and inflammation for these same groups. However, some of these effects were blocked by administration of melatonin (50 mg/kg/day). Down-regulation of oxidative stress was proposed to explain the neuroprotective effects of melatonin. The data suggests that DINP could cause cognitive deficits and anxiety in mice, and that melatonin could be used to avoid these adverse effects.
通讯机构：
[Tang, Jiaqi] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Sect Environm Biomed, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer commonly used in PVC that may leach into the environment, and has been shown to adversely affect the health of humans and animals. We undertook a study to ascertain the neurotoxicity of DEHP in Kunming mice. This study included three rounds of testing. In the first round, Kunming mice were exposed to different concentrations of DEHP (0, 5, 50, 500 mg kg−1 per day) after which their cognitive ability was assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in tissue and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of brains were also measured. In the second round, vitamin E (50 mg kg−1 per day) was given daily as an anti-oxidant via the intragastric route. Cognitive deficits and locomotor activity, as well as ROS and MDA contents were tested employing the same methods. In the third round, the depressive mood of mice after DEHP exposure (500 mg kg−1 per day) was measured using the open field test, the tail suspension test, and the forced swim test. The main findings of this study include: (1) a statistical association exists between DEHP oral exposure and spatial learning (DEHP 500 mg kg−1 per day) and memory (DEHP 50 mg kg−1 per day) dysfunction as ascertained by an MWM test of Kunming mice. (2) A statistical association was also found between DEHP oral exposure (50 and 500 mg kg−1 per day) and oxidative stress (ROS and MDA) of mouse brain tissue. (3) Co-administration of vitamin E (50 mg kg−1 per day) diminishes the elevation of ROS and MDA induced by DEHP (50 mg kg−1 per day) from significant levels to non-significant levels. (4) Co-administration of vitamin E (50 mg kg−1 per day) protects against mouse memory dysfunction induced by DEHP (50 mg kg−1 per day) from being significant to being not significant. (5) In the 5 mg kg−1 per day DEHP exposure groups, oxidative stress in brain tissue, and neurobehavioral changes were not found. (6) High dose DEHP exposure (500 mg kg−1 per day) may induce behavioral despair in mice. Conclusions: These data suggest that DEHP is neurotoxic with regard to cognitive ability and locomotor activity.
作者机构：
[王绪杨; 武阳; 罗慧; 马萍; 陆杰; 代园园; 龚金锋] College of Basic Medical, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China;[武阳; 马萍; 杨旭] Laboratory of Environment Biomedicine, School of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
通讯机构：
College of Basic Medical, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
作者机构：
[Wu Z.] School of Life Sciences, Lab. of Environmental Biomedicine, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China;[Li B.] National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China;[Ma P.] College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China;[Li J.] School of Life Sciences, Lab. of Environmental Biomedicine, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China, National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China;[Yang X.] School of Life Sciences, Lab. of Environmental Biomedicine, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
通讯机构：
[Xu Yang] S;School of Life Sciences, Lab. of Environmental Biomedicine, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China<&wdkj&>College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
摘要：
Diisononyl phthalate (DINP), considered to be an environmentally friendly plasticizer, is now widely used. However, the toxic effects of DINP need to be examined, particularly the effects of long-term dermal DINP exposure. Research into the mechanisms underlying these effects is urgently needed. In this study we examined the exacerbation effect of long-term dermal exposure to DINP in fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-induced contact hypersensitivity (CHS) in mice, and sought the potential molecular mechanisms. Forty-nine male Balb/c mice were subjected to a 40-day dermal exposure to saline or one of three concentrations of DINP and then three rounds of sensitization with vehicle or 0.5% FITC. The results of a histopathological examination and measurement of ear swelling as well as immunological and inflammatory biomarkers (total-immunoglobulin (Ig)E and Th cytokines) supported the notion that high doses of DINP may aggravate atopic dermatitis. We also showed that melatonin, an antioxidant, could decrease the levels of oxidative stress and alleviate FITC-induced CHS suggesting that oxidative stress may be one of the molecular mechanisms to explain the exacerbation effect induced by DINP.
期刊：
Journal of Affective Disorders,2014年166:22-29 ISSN：0165-0327
通讯作者：
Yang, Xu
作者机构：
[Yang, Xu; Jiang, Mingdi] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Sect Environm Biomed, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Qin, Ping] Univ Oslo, Natl Ctr Suicide Res & Prevent, Inst Clin Med, Oslo, Norway.;[Yang, Xu] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Sect Environm Biomed, Bldg 5,152 Luo Yu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yang, Xu] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Sect Environm Biomed, Bldg 5,152 Luo Yu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Allergy;Asthma;Cytokines;Depression
摘要：
Background: Depression is often present in patients with asthma and vice versa. In this review, we aimed to summarize reports on the comorbidity of depression and asthma, and to seek evidence that the biological mechanisms of allergy may have an important role linking asthma and depression. Method: To explore the relationship and pathway underpinning this comorbidity, we reviewed medical articles and undertook a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies on (i) incidence of asthma in patients with depression; (ii) morbidity of depression in patients with asthma; (iii) concentration of cytokines in depressed subjects. Results: High level of comorbidity of asthma and depression was consistently demonstrated in 10 studies of patients with asthma and four studies of patients with depression. In search of biological connection of the two illnesses, thirty-eight studies were included for Meta-analyses examining differences in allergy related cytokines between patients with depression and non-depressive subjects. In people with depression, concentration of monocytes related cytokines such as IL-1 (1.56 ng/mL, 95% CI: 0.00-312, p=0.05) was significantly higher than that in non-depressive control subjects. At the same time some other inflammatory factors including IL-4 (5.77 pg/mL, 95% CI: 2.34-9.21, p=0.00010), IL-6 (1.44 ng/mL, 95% CI: 1.05-1.82, p < 0.00001) and TNF-alpha(3.01 ng/mL, 95% CI: 1.76-4.26, p < 0.00001) were extremely significantly higher in depressed people compared with the controls. There was no significant differences of the T cell related cytokine levels, IFN-gamma (-0.16 ng/mL, 95% CI: -0.85-7.73, p=0.97), accompanied with IL-10 (0.67 ng/mL, 95% CI: -0.84-2.18, p=0.38) between depressive and non depressive groups. Conclusions: The varying levels of certain cytokines play an important role in arousing and remitting asthma and depression. That suggests inflammatory response could be a common pathway adjusting both depression and asthma. (C) 2014 Elsevier By, All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Li, Li; Li, Jinquan; Yang, Xu; Wu, Yang; Wei, Chenxi; Li, Rui; Chang, Qing; Liu, Xudong] Cent China Normal Univ, Sect Environm Biomed, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Hanqing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, CAS Key Lab Biomed Effects Nanomat & Nanosa, CAS Key Lab Nucl Analyt Tech, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Yeung, King Lun; Chang, Qing] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biomol & Chem Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Yeung, King Lun; Kwan, Joseph K. C.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Div Environm, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Xi, Zhuge] Inst Hlth & Environm Med, Tianjin 300050, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yang, Xu] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sect Environm Biomed, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The aggravating effects of zero-dimensional, particle-shaped nanomaterials on allergic asthma have been previously investigated, but similar possible effects of one-dimensional shaped nanomaterials have not been reported. More importantly, there are no available means to counteract the adverse nanomaterial effects to allow for their safe use. In this study, an ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized rat asthma model was established to investigate whether single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) aggravate allergic asthma. The results showed that SWCNTs in rats exacerbated OVA-induced allergic asthma and that this exacerbation was counteracted by concurrent administration vitamin E. A mechanism involving the elimination of reactive oxygen species, downregulation of Th2 responses, reduced Ig production, and the relief of allergic asthma symptoms was proposed to explain the antagonistic effects of vitamin E. This work could provide a universal strategy to effectively protect people with allergic asthma from SWCNTs or similar nanomaterial-induced aggravating effects.
期刊：
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE,2014年9(1):823-839 ISSN：1178-2013
通讯作者：
Yang, Xu
作者机构：
[Wu, Yang; Wang, Dong; Li, Jinquan; Li, Rui; Yang, Xu; Zhang, Yuchao; Liu, Xudong] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Lab Environm Biomed, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yan] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biomol & Chem Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Lu, Zhisong] Southwest Univ, Inst Clean Energy & Adv Mat, Chongqing, Peoples R China.;[Yu, Samuel C. T.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Div Environm, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Xu] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yang, Xu] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have shown increasing promise in the field of biomedicine, especially in applications related to the nervous system. However, there are limited studies available on the neurotoxicity of SWCNTs used in vivo. In this study, neurobehavioral changes caused by SWCNTs in mice and oxidative stress were investigated. The results of ethological analysis (Morris water maze and open-field test), brain histopathological examination, and assessments of oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species [ROS], malondialdehyde [MDA], and glutathione [GSH]), inflammation (nuclear factor κB, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β), and apoptosis (cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3) in brains showed that 6.25 and 12.50 mg/kg/day SWCNTs in mice could induce cognitive deficits and decreased locomotor activity, brain histopathological alterations, and increased levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in mouse brains; however, 3.125 mg/kg/day SWCNTs had zero or minor adverse effects in mice, and these effects were blocked by concurrent administration of ascorbic acid. Down-regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis were proposed to explain the neuroprotective effects of ascorbic acid. This work suggests SWCNTs could induce cognitive deficits and decreased locomotor activity, and provides a strategy to avoid the adverse effects.
摘要：
Engineering nanoparticles (ENPs) have been widely used in many areas in virtue of its special physical and chemical properties. And ENPs are one of the major innovative scientific and economic growth things, which may present a variety of questions for organisms and environment. This paper analyzed the ecotoxicological effect of the nanosized silicon dioxide (Nano-SiO2) and the normal sized silicon dioxide (Nor-SiO2) within 24 hours as its bulk counterpart to Daphnia magna with different concentration. To assess the aquatic ecosystem safety, EC50 value for immobilization and LC50 value for mortality were measured respectively. The results show that the toxicity of Nano-SiO2 has obviously dose-dependent effect but the Nor-SiO2 has not, evidently. The optical microscope and digital camera also been used to observe and record the biological form of Daphnia Magna during the exposure and in this study we found that D. magna can uptake and adsorb Nano-SiO2 but only apparently show uptaking to its bulk counterpart. The conclusions of results suggest that there is potential harm to aquatic environment in using Nano-SiO2, and it should deserve special concern.
