Based on data of 31 provinces in China from 1997 to 2012, this paper establishes a dynamic spatial panel data model. The empirical results show that there is a monotonous positive relationship between public expenditure size and migration. Productive effect is significantly positive and tax effect is not significant. Provinces of similar capita GDP are competitive in population migration, but neighboring provinces are co-ordinate in migration, and these effects are hysteretic. Public expenditure size of a province has not only a significant imp...