How to improve pre-service teachers’ argumentation skills has been receiving more and more attention from teacher educators. Visual cognitive tool refers to tools which users can learn with and creatively use to construct knowledge online. Current research revealed that it could help to improve learners’ higher-order thinking skills. This experimental study aimed to investigate the effect of two kinds of cognitive tools, the text-based online visual cognitive tool and the visual concept map, on improving the pre-service teachers’ skills on c...
