The Chinese modernization is a process of gradual involvement of China into the world-system based on the nation-state. This process also indicates a transformation of China from a traditional empire to a national-state. This paper is a study on the problem of nationality in the late 19 th century to the early 20 th century, especially the response of the court and commoners to the new law regarding identification of residents in the Java colony issued by the Netherlands in 1907. In addition, it is intended to analyze the complication and predicament of nation-state identification, as well as ...
