Container shipping has suffered a sharp decline since COVID-19, and risks associated with container transit will persist in the future. The decrease in container transportation has caused a ripple impact on the global supply chain. However, container throughput forecasting is both critical and complicated under the circumstances of economic uncertainty and the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. A novel model propounded in this paper for container throughput forecasting to assist the port management bureau and container shipping industry integrates with the variational mode decomposition (VMD) ...
