As a major commercial town during the period of Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty before 1840, after the opening of market, Hankou' s position and role in trade changed from a traditional inland delivery center to an international large market. During the course of transition, Wuhan began its modernization, but from 1861 to 1889, before Zhang Zhi-dong's governing, the modernization was exogenous and passive; from Zhang Zhi-dong's governing to the end of Qing Dynasty, the modernization of Wuhan was acce...