Government Participate in Transport Grain from South to the North and Its Limits in Early Republican——Focusing on the Establish and Dissolve of CaoYun Bureau
The established of Cao yun bureau in 1914 was a measure taken by the Beijing Government to overcome the drawbacks of transporting grain to Beijing under the pure commercial mode and reduce the resistance of rice transportation by means of"Caomi".In 1919,in order to protected grain supply for Beijing and Tianjin,the Government re-established Cao yun bureau.However,officials and people in Jiangsu province were strongly opposite to it,they worried that might hinder grain supply of their own province.These makes the bureau's plan was always difficult to carry out,and forced to abolished in 1920.Th...