The evolution of floral traits has been thought to be influenced by local,effective pollinators.However,little attention has been paid to the possibility that altitudinal variation in floral traits could be mediated by local pollinator functional groups,particularly a shift from bees to birds.Plant size,floral traits,pollinators and their pollination roles were investigated in the spring-flowering shrub Elaeagnus umbellata (Elaeagnaceae) at three altitudes (1160,1676,and 2050 m) in Minshan,Sichuan Province,on the northern rim of the Hengduan Mountains,southwest China.Compared to lower altitude...
