It has become common understanding of people that sustainable development shall be established based on the sustainable utilization of resources and good ecological environment. This article gives a general introduction of resources and environment condition of the Yangtze basin and exposes serious resources and environment problems. The Yangtze basin is facing: the contradiction between human and land becomes sharper and sharper day by day; soil erosion is serious; wetland shrinking becomes more sharpen; natural disaster is frequent; water pollution becomes more serious. Resources and environ...