Most E-learning systems are non-intercommunicative and incomprehensive, which result in the isolation of the organizations and students that use E-learning systems. This paper describes a framework to probabilistically improve existing E-learning systems. MEKSI (Modern Educational Knowledge Service Infrastructure), which is a learner-centric, open educational architecture that supports conceptual navigation and interactive exploration of E-learning knowledge. The MEKSI defines the public interface of different knowledge systems so as to remove ...