AbstractIt is well known to us that a graph of diameter has at least eigenvalues. A graph is said to be Laplacian (resp, normalized Laplacian) ‐extremal if it is of diameter having exactly distinct Laplacian (resp, normalized Laplacian) eigenvalues. A graph is split if its vertex set can be partitioned into a clique and a stable set. Each split graph is of diameter at most 3. In this paper, we completely classify the connected bidegreed Laplacian (resp, normalized Laplacian) 2‐extremal (resp, 3‐extremal) split graphs using the association of...