Researchers have designed a series of classroom orchestration systems (COSs) to support teachers' real-time classroom management of multiple social planes. However, few studies have systematically summarized the implementation of COSs’ general functions (teacher awareness, class instruction, and student coordination) and investigated the effect sizes of COSs on teachers and students. This work identified 67 systems and 22 empirical papers reporting 57 studies with effect sizes to address the research gaps. The qualitative analyses summarized t...
