Improvement in the sensitivity and portability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) still faced huge challenges recently. Inspired by the nanoprecipitation process for the carrier-free nanodrug in drug delivery systems, we developed an self-assembly strategy to prepare a kind of all-inclusive allochroic 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) nanoparticles for developing improved ELISA (named TLISA). During the self-assembly of TMB molecules, the antibody as signal recognition units and bovine serum albumin as the stabilizing agents coul...