Studies of China's energy development and carbon trading opportunities under CDM using aggregate approaches often face two kinds of difficulties: regional variations and institutional constraints of economy. This study initiates research that disaggregates the recent development of the Chinese electricity industry in a case study of Hubei Province. We highlight a bifurcated development of efficient generation technologies and link it to the institutional arrangements for electricity supply, change of fuel structure and specific policy incentives. We also find that carbon emission from the Hube...