Instructors' attention to students is vital for teaching. However, instructors' level of attention to students, which has the potential to influence students' learning across different lecture types, has yet to be fully explored. The aim of this study was to examine the impacts of the instructor's attention to students and lecture type on students' learning performance and perceptions. This study used a 3 x 2 (instructor's attention: high vs. medium vs. low; lecture type: video lecture vs. traditional lecture) between-subjects design. Traditional lectures were conducted in the classroom by the...
