In this paper we discuss the following three problems:(1) Why do we have to study the macrodesignment of agriculture by research the natural resources structure of agriculture?(2) What's the methods we have adopted to make clear the natural resources structures of agriculture?(3) The application of marcodesignment of agriculture to the research of the natural resources structures, how can we do?This article should explain the mocrodesigniment of agriculture, and the materials of this paper were collected from the mountainous district of Hubei Province. This paper refers mainly to three aspects...