After the Opium War, China's natural economy fragmented, her national mechanical cotton textile industry started in a abruptive way, and rural villiage cotton textile industry grew. By the turn of the last century, the end of the Manchus Dynasty and the start of the Republic of China, China's cotton textile had became an 'amphibious' industry covering handicraft and national mechanical production, a striking example of dual mode in the process of early industrialization. Both competition and complement existed inside this mode, yet complement is the predominating aspect. It is a gradually prog...
