As one of the most widely used disinfectants, active chlorine is synthesized predominantly through electrolysis of saturated sodium chloride solutions, an industrial process known as the chlor-alkali process, with high energy consumption. Seawater is an abundant source of chloride and thus an ideal alternative electrolyte. However, substantial challenges are to be addressed, notably the competing oxygen evolution reaction and progressive anode passivation due to the presence of rich cations in seawater. Here, we show durable and efficient active chlorine electrosynthesis directly from natural ...
