Different modes of land allocation can lead to different patterns of benefit distribution, leading to social and environmental issues. It is an efficient way to achieve economic development and farmland protection win-win situation to allocate land according to the principle of maximizing the comparative advantages. By using the comparative advantage theory, this paper discusses the level of potential comparative advantages of land in the production on the basis of land use and economic develop- ment data in 31 provinces in 2007, calculates the comparative advantages of construction land and f...