Timely and accurate forecasting of risks has always been a core issue in the finance.To this end,by making full use of transaction information and taking the discrete stochastic processes to characterize the evolu⁃tion of risk,a state-space model has been established un...MORE Timely and accurate forecasting of risks has always been a core issue in the finance.To this end,by making full use of transaction information and taking the discrete stochastic processes to characterize the evolu⁃tion of risk,a state-space model has been established un...