H.Y.: conceptualization, writing—original draft preparation, writing—review and editing, supervision, funding acquisition. L.X.: methodology. S.L.: field surveys, writing—original draft preparation. Y.L.: writing—review and editing; J.L.: conceptualization, writing—review and editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was funded by the 2nd Comprehensive Scientific Investigation and Research Project of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (2019QZKK0401), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41701164), and the Special Project for Type-A Strategic and Leading Technologies under the CAS (XDA20020301).