Macrocycles are important building blocks in supramolecular chemistry,and have progressed to become one of the most important areas of research due to the development in the design and synthesis of miscellaneous macrocycles such as crown ethers,calixarenes,cryptans,spherands,porphyrines,and their derivatives.Many of these macrocyclic compounds have been used,for example,as sensors,catalysts, imaging agents,selective metal extraction,molecular recognition scaffolds and to understand or...