E-learning 3.0 has achieved the connection and learning at anytime and anywhere, which has brought new opporamities and challenges for learning and education. With the historical changes of E-learning 3.0 and the relationship between E-learning 3.0 and Web 3.0, this paper defined the connotation of E-learning 3.0, discussed the challenges faced by E-learning 3.0, and proposed an ecological framework of E-learning 3.0 based on the sustainable development idea. Moreover, the function of each element of this ecological framework and the hierarchical relationship were analyzed, expecting to provid...