This paper researches the prevalence and distribution of malaria in China for the period from pre Qin to Han (3500~1800 a.BP). Malaria was one of the main epidemic diseases in the period, as early as in over 3000 a.BP, there were the historical records on malaria prevalence in China. The pressure of malaria was a direct cause of Pan Geng's moving the capital from Qufu of Shandong to Anyang of Henan and a important cause of the Yangtze River Valley's falling behind the Yellow River Valley in socio economic respect. The prevalence of malaria has...