With the elimination of absolute poverty in China,one of the priorities of public governance is to reduce regional relative poverty,which is essentially the issue of promoting spatial welfare through public investment in rural areas.By using the spatial Durbin model(SDM)of provincial panel data from 2006 to 2018,this paper finds that the impact of rural public investment has a positive spatial spillover on HDI,which was supported by tests for constructing different spatial weight matrices.This work shows that the current rural public investment structure with local as the main body is not cond...