This research was funded by One of the Future School 2030 projects in China “Applying APT Model to Explore Elementary Students’ Deep Learning in Smart Classroom” under Grant No AICFE-IO-007 and the “National Natural Science Foundation of China” under Grant No 71874066. The authors would like to thank Qing-Yu Bai, Fu-Lan Fan, and Zhen Chen for their encouragement and suggestions, multiple reviewers for their helpful comments, and Editage [www.editage.cn ] for English language editing.