Sign language is a major means of communication and social interactions for hearing-impaired persons, and sign language aphasia affects their langnage acquisition and social interactions. The study of the brain mechanisms helps researchers have a better understanding of the cause of sign language aphasia, which is the prerequisite for the understanding and treatment of sign language aphasia, its rehabilitation and interventions, and related education and teaching. This paper reviews the basic ideas on the brain mechanisms of sign language aphasia, sign language processing, and the brain plasti...