通讯机构：
[Pei Tian] K;Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis & Simulation of Hubei Province, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, PR China
关键词：
RUSLE;Conservation practice factor (P);Soil and water conservation measure;Soil erosion;Land use;Monitoring data
摘要：
The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) is widely used to estimate regional soil erosion. However, quantitative impacts of soil and water conservation (SWC) measures on conservation practice factor (P) of the RUSLE remain largely unclear, especially for the mountainous and hilly areas. In this study, we improved the RUSLE by considering quantitative impacts of different SWC measures on the P factor value. The improved RUSLE was validated against the long-term (2000-2015) soil erosion monitoring data obtained from 96 runoff plots (15-35 degrees) in mountainous and hilly areas of Hubei Province, China; the result presented a high accuracy with the determination coefficient of 0.89. Based on the erosion monitoring data of 2018 and 2019, the Root Mean Square Error of the result by the improved RUSLE was 28.0% smaller than that by the original RUSLE with decrement of 19.6%-24.0% in the average P factor values, indicating that the soil erosion modelling accuracy was significantly enhanced by the improved RUSLE. Relatively low P factor values appeared for farmlands with tillage measures (P < 0.53), grasslands with engineering measures (P < 0.23), woodlands with biological measures (P < 0.28), and other land use types with biological measures (P < 0.51). The soil erosion modulus showed a downward trend with the corresponding values of 1681.21, 1673.14, 1594.70, 1482.40 and 1437.50 t km(-2) a(-1) in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2019, respectively. The applicability of the improved RUSLE was verified by the measurements in typical mountainous and hilly areas of Hubei Province, China, and arrangements of SWC measures of this area were proposed. (C) 2021 International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation, China Water & Power Press. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.
摘要：
武汉市位于桐柏山大别山国家级水土流失预防区与幕阜山省级水土流失治理区之间,其土壤侵蚀问题对长江中游生态安全具有重要影响。基于2009—2018年武汉市蔡店、磨盘山、西湖流域、燕子山等4个水土保持监测站35个径流小区的观测数据（139组）,定量分析了坡度、侵蚀性降水量、土地利用和水土保持措施对土壤侵蚀的影响,并借鉴USLE模型识别土壤侵蚀主导因子。结果表明,裸地小区的平均土壤侵蚀模数最高(2597.57 t km-2 a-1),其次是经济林、草地和耕地小区且三者的侵蚀模数相差不大,土壤侵蚀模数与侵蚀性降雨量、坡度之间呈显著二元线性或幂函数关系;与天然植被小区相比,植物篱（草带、茶树、紫穗槐）及石坎梯田措施均显著降低了土壤侵蚀模数,其中植物篱措施的效果更优,且草带植物篱小区的侵蚀模数最低(46.13 t km-2 a-1);3个坡度等级（0—10°、10—20°、20—25°）小区平均侵蚀模数分别为892.07、911.15、2087.60 t km-2 a-1,表明坡度超过20°后土壤侵蚀严重加剧;武汉市土壤侵蚀的主导因子为水土保持措施、植被覆盖与管理因子。研究结果可为武汉市水土保持措施合理布设及侵蚀预报模型的完善提供依据,基于径流小区长期观测数据的土壤侵蚀定量研究值得进一步深入。
