作者机构：
[Jia, Ya; Lu, Lulu; Yang, Lijian] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Jia, Ya; Lu, Lulu; Yang, Lijian] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Wangheng] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Elect & Elect Engn, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jia, Ya] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
期刊：
Journal of High Energy Physics,2017年2017(8):1-31 ISSN：1029-8479
通讯作者：
S. Bifani
作者机构：
[Di Canto, A.; Durante, P.; Ferro-Luzzi, M.; Bozzi, C.; Fontana, M.; Kvaratskheliya, T.; Ponce, S.; Karacson, M.; Merli, A.; Byczynski, W.; Hatch, M.; Rih, M.; Forty, R.; Corti, G.; McCann, M.; Schmidt, B.; Gaspar, C.; Perez, D. H. Campora; Roiser, S.; Wyllie, K.; Dordei, F.; Contu, A.; Lacarrere, D.; Leflat, A.; Cattaneo, M.; Jost, B.; Farber, C.; Dungs, K.; Siddi, B. G.; Lindner, R.; Dijkstra, H.; Thomas, E.; Funk, W.; Palutan, M.; Golutvin, A.; Lemaitre, F.; Collins, P.; Jacobsson, R.; Neufeld, N.; Buytaert, J.; Frei, C.; Aaij, R.; Mathe, Z.; Grillo, L.; Stagni, F.; Pearce, A.; Teubert, F.; Lupton, O.; Perazzini, S.; Gys, T.; Wilkinson, G.; Frank, M.; Clemencic, M.; Williams, M.; Valassi, A.; Alessio, F.; Trisovic, A.; Fohl, K.; Popov, D.; Matev, R.; Cardoso, L. A. Granado; Joram, C.; Altarelli, M. Pepe; Barschel, C.; Charpentier, Ph.; Ruf, T.; Neri, N.; Poikela, T.; Whitehead, M.; Stahl, S.; Bettler, M. -O.; Gruber, L.; Schopper, A.; Couturier, B.; Cavallero, G.; Vagner, A.; Salzgeber, M. Ravonel; Schindler, H.; Haen, C.; Barbosa, J. V. Viana; Dziurda, A.; Johnson, D.; Schwemmer, R.; Vagnoni, V.; D'Ambrosio, C.; Declara, P. Fernandez; Closier, J.; van Herwijnen, E.; Coombs, G.; Valat, S.; Sridharan, S.; Colombo, T.] European Org Nucl Res CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.;[Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, R.; Massafferri, A.; De Miranda, J. M.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Soares Lavra, I.; Gomes, A.; Molina Rodriguez, J.; Bediaga, I.; Rodrigues, A. B.; dos Reis, A. C.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Lopes, J. H.; Martins Tostes, D.; Goicochea, J. M. Otalora; Polycarpo, E.; Souza De Paula, B.; Gandelman, M.; Rangel, M. S.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.; Hicheur, A.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Potterat, C.; Silva de Oliveira, L.; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Da Cunha Marinho, F.; Amato, S.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Jiang, F.; Li, T.; Zhu, X.; An, L.; Davis, A.; Zhang, L.; Liu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Chefdeville, M.; Decamp, D.; Tourneur, S.; Reboud, M.; Beaucourt, L.; T'Jampens, S.; Marchand, J. F.; Tisserand, V.; Xu, Z.; Ghez, Ph.; Pietrzyk, B.; Minard, M. -N.; Deleage, N.] Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP, IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
通讯机构：
[S. Bifani] U;University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
关键词：
B physics;Branching fraction;Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments);Rare decay
摘要：
A test of lepton universality, performed by measuring the ratio of the branching fractions of the B
0 → K
*0
μ
+
μ
− and B
0 → K
*0
e
+
e
− decays,
$$ {R}_{K^{*0}} $$
, is presented. The K
*0 meson is reconstructed in the final state K
+
π
−, which is required to have an invariant mass within 100 MeV/c
2 of the known K
*(892)0 mass. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 3 fb−1, collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The ratio is measured in two regions of the dilepton invariant mass squared, q
2, to be
$$ {R}_{K^{*0}}=\left\{\begin{array}{l}{0.66_{-}^{+}}_{0.07}^{0.11}\left(\mathrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.03\left(\mathrm{syst}\right)\kern1em \mathrm{f}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{r}\kern1em 0.045<{q}^2<1.1\kern0.5em {\mathrm{GeV}}^2/{c}^4,\hfill \\ {}{0.69_{-}^{+}}_{0.07}^{0.11}\left(\mathrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.05\left(\mathrm{syst}\right)\kern1em \mathrm{f}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{r}\kern1em 1.1<{q}^2<6.0\kern0.5em {\mathrm{GeV}}^2/{c}^4.\hfill \end{array}\right. $$
The corresponding 95.4% confidence level intervals are [0.52, 0.89] and [0.53, 0.94]. The results, which represent the most precise measurements of
$$ {R}_{K^{*0}} $$
to date, are compatible with the Standard Model expectations at the level of 2.1–2.3 and 2.4–2.5 standard deviations in the two q
2 regions, respectively.
摘要：
Substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. At LHC and top RHIC energies, QCD matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing net-baryon densities. There is evidence that a Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) was created at experiments at RHIC and LHC. The transition from the QGP back to the hadron gas is found to be a smooth cross over. For larger net-baryon densities and lower temperatures, it is expected that the QCD phase diagram exhibits a rich structure, such as a first-order phase transition between hadronic and partonic matter which terminates in a critical point, or exotic phases like quarkyonic matter. The discovery of these landmarks would be a breakthrough in our understanding of the strong interaction and is therefore in the focus of various high-energy heavy-ion research programs. The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will play a unique role in the exploration of the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities, because it is designed to run at unprecedented interaction rates. High-rate operation is the key prerequisite for high-precision measurements of multi-differential observables and of rare diagnostic probes which are sensitive to the dense phase of the nuclear fireball. The goal of the CBM experiment at SIS100 (
$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$
2.7--4.9 GeV) is to discover fundamental properties of QCD matter: the phase structure at large baryon-chemical potentials (
$\mu_B > 500$
MeV), effects of chiral symmetry, and the equation of state at high density as it is expected to occur in the core of neutron stars. In this article, we review the motivation for and the physics programme of CBM, including activities before the start of data taking in 2024, in the context of the worldwide efforts to explore high-density QCD matter.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Lizhi; Li, Jie; Cai, Lejuan; Shang, Jian] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Inst Environm Chem, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol,Minist Educ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jie; Yu, Ying] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Lizhi] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Inst Environm Chem, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol,Minist Educ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
bulk-charge separation;doping;internal electric field;photocatalysis;water oxidation
摘要：
A study was conducted to demonstrate giant enhancement of internal electric field (IEF) boosting bulk charge separation (BCS) for photocatalysis. The study synthesized C-doped Bi3O4 Cl nanosheets with reported carbon doping strategy. These nanosheets had {001} facets on their top and bottom, {110} facets on their four lateral surfaces, and {010} facets at their four corners. Their elemental mapping images and time-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the homogeneous distribution of carbon dopants within Bi3O4.
作者机构：
[Pan, Xiaoyang; Yi, Zhiguo; Li, Yunpeng; Chen, Xuxing] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Design & Assembly Funct Nanostruct, Fujian Inst Res Struct Matter, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China.;[Pan, Xiaoyang; Yi, Zhiguo; Li, Yunpeng; Chen, Xuxing] Chinese Acad Sci, Fujian Inst Res Struct Matter, Fujian Prov Key Lab Nanomat, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Xintang; Chen, Xuxing] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Cortie, David] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Chem, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
通讯机构：
[Yi, Zhiguo] C;Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Design & Assembly Funct Nanostruct, Fujian Inst Res Struct Matter, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Fujian Inst Res Struct Matter, Fujian Prov Key Lab Nanomat, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The search for active catalysts that efficiently oxidize methane under ambient conditions remains a challenging task for both C1 utilization and atmospheric cleansing. Here, we show that when the particle size of zinc oxide is reduced down to the nanoscale, it exhibits high activity for methane oxidation under simulated sunlight illumination, and nano silver decoration further enhances the photo-activity via the surface plasmon resonance. The high quantum yield of 8% at wavelengths < 400 nm and over 0.1% at wavelengths ∼ 470 nm achieved on the silver decorated zinc oxide nanostructures shows great promise for atmospheric methane oxidation. Moreover, the nano-particulate composites can efficiently photo-oxidize other small molecular hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane and ethylene, and in particular, can dehydrogenize methane to generate ethane, ethylene and so on. On the basis of the experimental results, a two-step photocatalytic reaction process is suggested to account for the methane photo-oxidation.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Lizhi; Li, Jie; Zhan, Guangming] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Inst Environm Chem, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol,Minist Educ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jie; Yu, Ying] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Inst Nanoscience & Nanotechnol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Lizhi] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Inst Environm Chem, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol,Minist Educ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Although photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) is ideal for solar-to-fuel conversion, it remains challenging to construct a highly efficient PHE system by steering the charge flow in a precise manner. Here we tackle this challenge by assembling 1T MoS2 monolayers selectively and chemically onto (Bi12O17) end-faces of Bi12O17Cl2 monolayers to craft two-dimensional (2D) Janus (Cl2)-(Bi12O17)-(MoS2) bilayer junctions, a new 2D motif different from van der Waals heterostructure. Electrons and holes from visible light-irradiated Bi12O17Cl2 are directionally separated by the internal electric field to (Bi12O17) and (Cl2) end-faces, respectively. The separated electrons can further migrate to MoS2 via Bi-S bonds formed between (Bi12O17) and MoS2 monolayers. This atomic-level directional charge separation endows the Janus bilayers with ultralong carrier lifetime of 3,446 ns and hence a superior visible-light PHE rate of 33 mmol h-1 g-1. Our delineated Janus bilayer junctions on the basis of the oriented assembly of monolayers presents a new design concept to effectively steer the charge flow for PHE.
摘要：
An angular analysis of the B
0 → K
*0(→ K
+
π
−)μ
+
μ
− decay is presented. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1 of pp collision data collected at the LHCb experiment. The complete angular information from the decay is used to determine CP-averaged observables and CP asymmetries, taking account of possible contamination from decays with the K
+
π
− system in an S-wave configuration. The angular observables and their correlations are reported in bins of q
2, the invariant mass squared of the dimuon system. The observables are determined both from an unbinned maximum likelihood fit and by using the principal moments of the angular distribution. In addition, by fitting for q
2-dependent decay amplitudes in the region 1.1 < q
2 < 6.0 GeV2/c
4, the zero-crossing points of several angular observables are computed. A global fit is performed to the complete set of CP-averaged observables obtained from the maximum likelihood fit. This fit indicates differences with predictions based on the Standard Model at the level of 3.4 standard deviations. These differences could be explained by contributions from physics beyond the Standard Model, or by an unexpectedly large hadronic effect that is not accounted for in the Standard Model predictions.
期刊：
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C,2016年76(3):1-151 ISSN：1434-6044
通讯作者：
Massacrier, L.
作者机构：
[Andronic, A.] GSI Helmholzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, Div Res, Darmstadt, Germany.;[Arleo, F.; Mironov, C.; Nguyen, M.; Granier de Cassagnac, R.] Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS IN2P3, Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Palaiseau, France.;[Arleo, F.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, Lab Annecy le Vieux Phys Theor LAPTh, Annecy Le Vieux, France.;[Arnaldi, R.; Bruna, E.; Scomparin, E.; Beraudo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.;[Woehri, H.; Caffarri, D.; Lourenco, C.] European Org Nucl Res CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
通讯机构：
[Massacrier, L.] U;Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Paris 11, CNRS IN2P3, IPNO, F-91406 Orsay, France.;Univ Nantes, CNRS IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes, SUBATECH, Nantes, France.;Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Paris 11, CNRS IN2P3, LAL, Orsay, France.
摘要：
This report reviews the study of open heavy-flavour and quarkonium production in high-energy hadronic collisions, as tools to investigate fundamental aspects of Quantum Chromodynamics, from the proton and nucleus structure at high energy to deconfinement and the properties of the Quark–Gluon Plasma. Emphasis is given to the lessons learnt from LHC Run 1 results, which are reviewed in a global picture with the results from SPS and RHIC at lower energies, as well as to the questions to be addressed in the future. The report covers heavy flavour and quarkonium production in proton–proton, proton–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus collisions. This includes discussion of the effects of hot and cold strongly interacting matter, quarkonium photoproduction in nucleus–nucleus collisions and perspectives on the study of heavy flavour and quarkonium with upgrades of existing experiments and new experiments. The report results from the activity of the SaporeGravis network of the I3 Hadron Physics programme of the European Union 7
$$\mathrm{th}$$
Framework Programme.
摘要：
The standard model of particle physics describes the fundamental particles and their interactions via the strong, electromagnetic and weak forces. It provides precise predictions for measurable quantities that can be tested experimentally. The probabilities, or branching fractions, of the strange B meson (B-s(0)) and the B-0 meson decaying into two oppositely charged muons (mu(+) and mu(-)) are especially interesting because of their sensitivity to theories that extend the standard model. The standard model predicts that the B-s(0)->mu(+)mu(-) and B-0 ->mu(+)mu(-) decays are very rare, with about four of the former occurring for every billion B-s(0) mesons produced, and one of the latter occurring for every ten billion B-0 mesons(1). A difference in the observed branching fractions with respect to the predictions of the standard model would provide a direction in which the standard model should be extended. Before the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN2 started operating, no evidence for either decay mode had been found. Upper limits on the branching fractions were an order of magnitude above the standard model predictions. The CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) and LHCb(Large Hadron Collider beauty) collaborations have performed a joint analysis of the data from proton-proton collisions that they collected in 2011 at a centre-of-mass energy of seven teraelectronvolts and in 2012 at eight teraelectronvolts. Here we report the first observation of the B-s(0)->mu(+)mu(-) decay, with a statistical significance exceeding six standard deviations, and the best measurement so far of its branching fraction. Furthermore, we obtained evidence for the B-0 ->mu(+)mu(-) decay with a statistical significance of three standard deviations. Both measurements are statistically compatible with standard model predictions and allow stringent constraints to be placed on theories beyond the standard model. The LHC experiments will resume taking data in 2015, recording proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 teraelectronvolts, which will approximately double the production rates of B-s(0) and B-0 mesons and lead to further improvements in the precision of these crucial tests of the standard model.
期刊：
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A,2015年30(7):1530022 ISSN：0217-751X
通讯作者：
Aaij, R.
作者机构：
[Jans, E.; Ketel, T.; Tuning, N.; Tolk, S.; Pellegrino, A.; Syropoulos, V.; van Tilburg, J.; Santos, D. Martinez; Merk, M.; Ali, S.; Koppenburg, P.; Tsopelas, P.; Snoek, H.; de Vries, J. A.; Koopman, R. F.; Heijne, V.; van Leerdam, J.; Raven, G.; Aaij, R.; Lambert, R. W.; De Bruyn, K.; Oggero, S.; Kozlinskiy, A.; David, P. N. Y.; van Beuzekom, M.; Schiller, M.; Farinelli, C.; Hulsbergen, W.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.;[Gomes, A.; Rodrigues, F. Ferreira; Bediaga, I.; Massafferri, A.; Rodrigues, A. B.; dos Reis, A. C.; De Miranda, J. M.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Hicheur, A.; De Paula, B. Souza; Lopes, J. H.; Goicochea, J. M. Otalora; Polycarpo, E.; Potterat, C.; Akiba, K. Carvalho; Francisco, O.; Guimaraes, V. Salustino; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Gandelman, M.; Amato, S.; Rangel, M. S.; Tostes, D. Martins; Vieira, D.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Li, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Yuan, X.; Zhong, L.; Jing, F.; An, L.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.;[Chefdeville, M.; Marchand, J. F.; Tisserand, V.; Decamp, D.; Qian, W.; Beaucourt, L.; Tournefier, E.; Pietrzyk, B.; Lees, J. -P.; T'Jampens, S.; Minard, M. -N.; Deleage, N.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, LAPP, IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
关键词：
Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics;particle tracking detectors;gaseous detectors;calorimeters;Cherenkov detectors;particle identification methods;detector alignment and calibration methods;trigger;LHC
摘要：
The LHCb detector is a forward spectrometer at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The experiment is designed for precision measurements of CP violation and rare decays of beauty and charm hadrons. In this paper the performance of the various LHCb sub-detectors and the trigger system are described, using data taken from 2010 to 2012. It is shown that the design criteria of the experiment have been met. The excellent performance of the detector has allowed the LHCb collaboration to publish a wide range of physics results, demonstrating LHCb's unique role, both as a heavy flavour experiment and as a general purpose detector in the forward region.
摘要：
We review results from lattice QCD calculations on the thermodynamics of strong-interaction matter with emphasis on input these calculations can provide to the exploration of the phase diagram and properties of hot and dense matter created in heavy ion experiments. This review is organized in sections as follows: (1) Introduction, (2) QCD thermodynamics on the lattice, (3) QCD phase diagram at high temperature, (4) Bulk thermodynamics, (5) Fluctuations of conserved charges, (6) Transport properties, (7) Open heavy flavors and heavy quarkonia, (8) QCD in external magnetic fields, (9) Summary.
摘要：
An angular analysis and a measurement of the differential branching fraction of the decay B
0
→ ϕμ
+
μ
− are presented, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1 of pp collisions recorded by the LHCb experiment at
$$ \sqrt{s}=7 $$
and 8 TeV. Measurements are reported as a function of q
2, the square of the dimuon invariant mass and results of the angular analysis are found to be consistent with the Standard Model. In the range 1 < q
2
< 6 GeV2
/c
4, where precise theoretical calculations are available, the differential branching fraction is found to be more than 3σ below the Standard Model predictions.
