作者机构：
[Fohl, K.; Di Canto, A.; Popov, D.; Durante, P.; Matev, R.; Ferro-Luzzi, M.; Cardoso, L. A. Granado; Joram, C.; Campora Perez, D.; Tuning, N.; Altarelli, M. Pepe; Faerber, C.; Vidal, X. Cid; Baldini, W.; Barschel, C.; Karacson, M.; Charpentier, Ph.; Kenzie, M.; Marino, P.; Ruf, T.; Bettler, M-O.; He, J.; Poikela, T.; Forty, R.; Corti, G.; Schmidt, B.; Gaspar, C.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Otto, A.; Stahl, S.; Linn, C.; Roiser, S.; Rauschmayr, N.; Barter, W.; Schopper, A.; Wyllie, K.; Van Herwijnen, E.; Langhans, B.; Mapelli, A.; Contu, A.; Lacarrere, D.; Couturier, B.; Leflat, A.; Cattaneo, M.; Archilli, F.; Jost, B.; Koppenburg, P.; Dettori, F.; Khanji, B.; Tonelli, D.; Rihl, M.; Lindner, R.; Dijkstra, H.; Schindler, H.; Haen, C.; Garcia, L. Castillo; Thomas, E.; Lohn, S.; Gallorini, S.; Golutvin, A.; Johnson, D.; Collins, P.; Jacobsson, R.; Neufeld, N.; Gligorov, V. V.; Schwemmer, R.; Buytaert, J.; Frei, C.; Aaij, R.; Mathe, Z.; D'Ambrosio, C.; Stagni, F.; Teubert, F.; Bondar, N.; Gys, T.; Sokoloff, M. D.; Wilkinson, G.; Closier, J.; Robbe, P.; Szczypka, P.; Frank, M.; Fiore, M.; Guz, Yu.; Panman, J.; Easo, S.; Karbach, T. M.; Clemencic, M.; Williams, M.; Schiller, M.; Benson, S.; Alessio, F.; Coco, V.; Sridharan, S.; Trisovic, A.] European Org Nucl Res CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.;[Gomes, A.; Bediaga, I.; Massafferri, A.; Rodrigues, A. B.; dos Reis, A. C.; De Miranda, J. M.; Rodrigues, B. Osorio; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Hicheur, A.; Otalora Goicochea, J. M.; Lopes, J. H.; Martins Tostes, D.; Molina Rodriguez, J.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Polycarpo, E.; Potterat, C.; Goebel, C.; Souza De Paula, B.; Cruz Torres, M.; Baesso, C.; Francisco, O.; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Gandelman, M.; Amato, S.; Rangel, M. S.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Vieira, D.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Yu, J.; Zhang, Y.; Zhong, L.; Jing, F.; An, L.; Xie, Y.; Zhang, L.; Liu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.;[Minard, M-N.; Marchand, J. F.; Tisserand, V.; Decamp, D.; Ghez, Ph.; Qian, W.; Lees, J-P.; Beaucourt, L.; Tournefier, E.; Pietrzyk, B.; T'Jampens, S.; Deleage, N.] Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
通讯机构：
[Aaij, R.] E;European Org Nucl Res CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
摘要：
The branching fraction ratio R(D-*) = B((B) over bar (0) -> D-*(+)tau(-)(nu) over bar (tau))/B((B) over bar (0) -> D-*(+)mu(-)(nu) over bar (mu)) is measured using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The tau lepton is identified in the decay mode tau(-) -> mu(-)(nu) over bar (mu)nu(tau). The semitauonic decay is sensitive to contributions from non-standard-model particles that preferentially couple to the third generation of fermions, in particular, Higgs-like charged scalars. A multidimensional fit to kinematic distributions of the candidate (B) over bar (0) decays gives R(D-*) = 0.336 +/- 0.027(stat) +/- 0.030(syst). This result, which is the first measurement of this quantity at a hadron collider, is 2.1 standard deviations larger than the value expected from lepton universality in the standard model.
作者机构：
[Betzig, Eric; Chen, Bi-Chang; Li, Dong; Shao, Lin] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA.;[Zhang, Mingshu; Zhang, Xi; Xu, Pingyong] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab RNA Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Mingshu; Zhang, Xi; Xu, Pingyong] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Key Lab Noncoding RNA, Inst Biophys, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Xi] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Milkie, Daniel E.; Moses, Brian] Coleman Technol, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA.
通讯机构：
[Betzig, Eric] H;Howard Hughes Med Inst, Janelia Res Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA.
摘要：
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy is distinct among nanoscale imaging tools in its ability to image protein dynamics in living cells. Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) stands out in this regard because of its high speed and low illumination intensities, but typically offers only a twofold resolution gain. We extended the resolution of live-cell SIM through two approaches: ultrahigh numerical aperture SIM at 84-nanometer lateral resolution for more than 100 multicolor frames, and nonlinear SIM with patterned activation at 45- to 62-nanometer resolution for approximately 20 to 40 frames. We applied these approaches to image dynamics near the plasma membrane of spatially resolved assemblies of clathrin and caveolin, Rab5a in early endosomes, and α-actinin, often in relationship to cortical actin. In addition, we examined mitochondria, actin, and the Golgi apparatus dynamics in three dimensions.
作者机构：
[McLerran, L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Upton, NY 11973 USA.;[McLerran, L.; Skokov, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.;[McLerran, L.] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[McLerran, L.] B;Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
关键词：
Chiral magnetic wave;Electromagnetic probes;Magnetic field
摘要：
In this article we discuss the properties of electromagnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions and consequences for observables. We address quantitatively the issue of the magnetic field lifetime in a collision including the electric and chiral magnetic conductivities. We show that for reasonable parameters, the magnetic field created by spectators in a collision is not modified by the presence of matter. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Burke, Karen M.; Qin, Guang-You; Majumder, Abhijit] Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.;[Buzzatti, Alessandro; Wang, Xin-Nian] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;[Qin, Guang-You; Chang, Ningbo; Zhang, Hanzhong; Wang, Xin-Nian] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Qin, Guang-You; Chang, Ningbo; Zhang, Hanzhong; Wang, Xin-Nian] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Quarks & Lepton Phys MOE, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Gale, Charles; Jeon, Sangyong] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
通讯机构：
[Wang, Xin-Nian] L;Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, MS 70R0319, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
摘要：
Within five different approaches to parton propagation and energy loss in dense matter, a phenomenological study of experimental data on suppression of large- pT single inclusive hadrons in heavy-ion collisions at both the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) was carried out. The evolution of bulk medium used in the study for parton propagation was given by 2 + 1 dimensional or 3 + 1 dimensional hydrodynamic models which are also constrained by experimental data on bulk hadron spectra. Values for the jet transport parameter q̂ at the center of the most central heavy-ion collisions are extracted or calculated within each model, with parameters for the medium properties that are constrained by experimental data on the hadron suppression factor RAA. For a quark with initial energy of 10 GeV we find that q̂≈1.2±0.3 GeV 2/fm at an initial time τ0=0.6 fm/ c in Au + Au collisions at s=200 GeV/n and q̂≈1.9±0.7 GeV 2/fm in Pb + Pb collisions at s=2.76 TeV/n. Compared to earlier studies, these represent significant convergence on values of the extracted jet transport parameter due to new constraints provided by recent experiment data from the LHC.
作者机构：
[Bhattacharya, Tanmoy; Gupta, Rajan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.;[Vranas, P. M.; Buchoff, Michael I.; Soltz, R. A.; Schroeder, Chris] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.;[Buchoff, Michael I.] Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.;[Christ, Norman H.; Renfrew, Dwight; Murphy, David; Yin, Hantao; Mawhinney, R. D.; McGlynn, Greg; Lin, Zhongjie] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.;[Ding, H. -T.] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys MOE, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Bhattacharya, Tanmoy] L;Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
摘要：
We report on the first lattice calculation of the QCD phase transition using chiral fermions with physical quark masses. This calculation uses 2+1 quark flavors, spatial volumes between (4 fm)3 and (11 fm)3 and temperatures between 139 and 196 MeV. Each temperature is calculated at a single lattice spacing corresponding to a temporal Euclidean extent of Nt=8. The disconnected chiral susceptibility, χdisc shows a pronounced peak whose position and height depend sensitively on the quark mass. We find no metastability near the peak and a peak height which does not change when a 5 fm spatial extent is increased to 10 fm. Each result is strong evidence that the QCD “phase transition” is not first order but a continuous crossover for mπ=135 MeV. The peak location determines a pseudocritical temperature Tc=155(1)(8) MeV, in agreement with earlier staggered fermion results. However, the peak height is 50% greater than that suggested by previous staggered results. Chiral SU(2)L×SU(2)R symmetry is fully restored above 164 MeV, but anomalous U(1)A symmetry breaking is nonzero above Tc and vanishes as T is increased to 196 MeV.
作者机构：
[Jans, E.; Ketel, T.; van den Brand, J.; Tuning, N.; Tolk, S.; Pellegrino, A.; Syropoulos, V.; van Tilburg, J.; Santos, D. Martinez; Merk, M.; Ali, S.; Koppenburg, P.; Tsopelas, P.; Snoek, H.; de Vries, J. A.; Koopman, R. F.; Heijne, V.; van Leerdam, J.; Raven, G.; Aaij, R.; Lambert, R. W.; De Bruyn, K.; Oggero, S.; Kozlinskiy, A.; David, P. N. Y.; van Beuzekom, M.; Schiller, M.; Farinelli, C.; Hulsbergen, W.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.;[Hicheur, A.; Gomes, A.; Bediaga, I.; Massafferri, A.; Rodrigues, A. B.; dos Reis, A. C.; De Miranda, J. M.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Otalora Goicochea, J. M.; Lopes, J. H.; Martins Tostes, D.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Polycarpo, E.; Potterat, C.; Souza De Paula, B.; Francisco, O.; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Gandelman, M.; Amato, S.; Rangel, M. S.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Vieira, D.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Wu, S.; Li, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Yuan, X.; Zhong, L.; Jing, F.; An, L.; Lu, H.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.;[Marchand, J. F.; Tisserand, V.; Decamp, D.; Ghez, P.; Qian, W.; Beaucourt, L.; Tournefier, E.; Pietrzyk, B.; Lees, J. -P.; T'Jampens, S.; Minard, M. -N.; Artamonov, A.; Machefert, F.; Deleage, N.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
作者机构：
[Bazavov, A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.;[Bhattacharya, Tanmoy; Gupta, Rajan] Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.;[Levkova, L.; DeTar, C.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.;[Ding, H. -T.; Hegde, P.] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Key Lab Quark Lepton Phys MOE, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Gottlieb, Steven; Wagner, M.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
通讯机构：
[Bazavov, A.] U;Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.
摘要：
We present results for the equation of state in ( 2+1)-flavor QCD using the highly improved staggered quark action and lattices with temporal extent Nτ=6, 8, 10, and 12. We show that these data can be reliably extrapolated to the continuum limit and obtain a number of thermodynamic quantities and the speed of sound in the temperature range 130–400 MeV. We compare our results with previous calculations and provide an analytic parameterization of the pressure, from which other thermodynamic quantities can be calculated, for use in phenomenology. We show that the energy density in the crossover region, 145 MeV≤T≤163 MeV, defined by the chiral transition, is εc=(0.18–0.5) GeV/fm3, i.e., (1.2–3.1) εnuclear. At high temperatures, we compare our results with resummed and dimensionally reduced perturbation theory calculations. As a byproduct of our analyses, we obtain the values of the scale parameters r0 from the static quark potential and w0 from the gradient flow.
作者机构：
[Jans, E.; Ketel, T.; van den Brand, J.; Tuning, N.; Tolk, S.; Pellegrino, A.; Syropoulos, V.; van Tilburg, J.; Martinelli, M.; Merk, M.; Ali, S.; Koppenburg, P.; Dettori, F.; Tsopelas, P.; Snoek, H.; Bauer, Th.; de Vries, J. A.; Koopman, R. F.; Heijne, V.; van Leerdam, J.; Raven, G.; Aaij, R.; Martinez Santos, D.; Lambert, R. W.; De Bruyn, K.; Oggero, S.; Kozlinskiy, A.; David, P. N. Y.; van Beuzekom, M.; Schiller, M.; Farinelli, C.; Hulsbergen, W.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.;[Hicheur, A.; Gomes, A.; Bediaga, I.; Massafferri, A.; Rodrigues, A. B.; dos Reis, A. C.; De Miranda, J. M.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Otalora Goicochea, J. M.; Lopes, J. H.; Martins Tostes, D.; Polycarpo, E.; Potterat, C.; Souza De Paula, B.; Akiba, K. Carvalho; Francisco, O.; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Gandelman, M.; Amato, S.; Rangel, M. S.; Szilard, D.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Vieira, D.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Wu, S.; Li, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Yuan, X.; Zhong, L.; Jing, F.; An, L.; Lu, H.; Zhang, F.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.;[Marchand, J. F.; Tisserand, V.; Decamp, D.; Ghez, Ph.; Qian, W.; Beaucourt, L.; Tournefier, E.; Pietrzyk, B.; Lees, J. -P.; T'Jampens, S.; Minard, M. -N.; Deleage, N.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
期刊：
Journal of High Energy Physics,2014年2014(6):1-22 ISSN：1029-8479
通讯作者：
Aaij, R.
作者机构：
[Jans, E.; Ketel, T.; van den Brand, J.; Tuning, N.; Tolk, S.; Pellegrino, A.; Syropoulos, V.; van Tilburg, J.; Martinelli, M.; Bauer, Th; Santos, D. Martinez; Merk, M.; Ali, S.; Koppenburg, P.; Dettori, F.; Tsopelas, P.; Bruyn, K. De; Snoek, H.; de Vries, J. A.; Koopman, R. F.; Heijne, V.; van Leerdam, J.; Raven, G.; Aaij, R.; Lambert, R. W.; Oggero, S.; Kozlinskiy, A.; David, P. N. Y.; van Beuzekom, M.; Schiller, M.; Farinelli, C.; Hulsbergen, W.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.;[Hicheur, A.; Gomes, A.; Bediaga, I.; Massafferri, A.; Rodrigues, A. B.; dos Reis, A. C.; De Miranda, J. M.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Otalora Goicochea, J. M.; Lopes, J. H.; Martins Tostes, D.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Polycarpo, E.; Potterat, C.; Souza De Paula, B.; Francisco, O.; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Gandelman, M.; Amato, S.; Rangel, M. S.; Szilard, D.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Vieira, D.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Wu, S.; Li, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Yuan, X.; Zhong, L.; Jing, F.; An, L.; Lu, H.; Zhang, F.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.;[Marchand, J. F.; Tisserand, V.; Decamp, D.; Ghez, Ph; Qian, W.; Tournefier, E.; Pietrzyk, B.; Lees, J. -P.; T'Jampens, S.; Minard, M. -N.; Deleage, N.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
摘要：
The isospin asymmetries of B → Kμ
+
μ
− and B → K
*
μ
+
μ
− decays and the partial branching fractions of the B
0 → K
0
μ
+
μ
−, B
+ → K
+
μ
+
μ
− and B
+ → K
*+
μ
+
μ
− decays are measured as functions of the dimuon mass squared, q
2. The data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb−1 from proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 7 TeV and 8 TeV in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The isospin asymmetries are both consistent with the Standard Model expectations. The three measured branching fractions favour lower values than their respective theoretical predictions, however they are all individually consistent with the Standard Model.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Lizhi; Li, Jie; Yu, Ying] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Inst Environm Chem, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol,Minist Educ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jie; Yu, Ying] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Lizhi] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Inst Environm Chem, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol,Minist Educ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
摘要：
In recent years, layered bismuth oxyhalide nanomaterials have received more and more interest as promising photocatalysts because their unique layered structures endow them with fascinating physicochemical properties; thus, they have great potential photocatalytic applications for environment remediation and energy harvesting. In this article, we explore the synthesis strategies and growth mechanisms of layered bismuth oxyhalide nanomaterials, and propose design principles of tailoring a layered configuration to control the nanoarchitectures for high efficient photocatalysis. Subsequently, we focus on their layered structure dependent properties, including pH-related crystal facet exposure and phase transformation, facet-dependent photoactivity and molecular oxygen activation pathways, so as to clarify the origin of the layered structure dependent photoreactivity. Furthermore, we summarize various strategies for modulating the composition and arrangement of layered structures to enhance the photoactivity of nanostructured bismuth oxyhalides via internal electric field tuning, dehalogenation effect, surface functionalization, doping, plasmon modification, and heterojunction construction, which may offer efficient guidance for the design and construction of high-performance bismuth oxyhalide-based photocatalysis systems. Finally, we highlight some crucial issues in engineering the layered-structure mediated properties of bismuth oxyhalide photocatalysts and provide tentative suggestions for future research on increasing their photocatalytic performance.
摘要：
We derive a relativistic chiral kinetic equation with manifest Lorentz covariance from Wigner functions of spin- 1/2 massless fermions in a constant background electromagnetic field. It contains vorticity terms and a four-dimensional Euclidean Berry monopole which gives an axial anomaly. By integrating out the zeroth component of the 4-momentum p, we reproduce the previous three-dimensional results derived from the Hamiltonian approach, together with the newly derived vorticity terms. The phase space continuity equation has an anomalous source term proportional to the product of electric and magnetic fields ( FσρF˜σρ∼EσBσ). This provides a unified interpretation of the chiral magnetic and vortical effects, chiral anomaly, Berry curvature, and the Berry monopole in the framework of Wigner functions.
作者机构：
[Gupta, Sourendu] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Theoret Phys, Mumbai 400005, Maharashtra, India.;[Mohanty, Bedangadas] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Expt High Energy Phys & Applicat Grp, Kolkata 700064, India.;[Luo, Xiaofeng] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Xiaofeng; Ritter, Hans Georg; Xu, Nu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;[Xu, Nu] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Mohanty, Bedangadas] C;Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Expt High Energy Phys & Applicat Grp, 1 AF Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, India.
摘要：
Matter described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of strong interactions, may undergo phase transitions when its temperature and the chemical potentials are varied. QCD at finite temperature is studied in the laboratory by colliding heavy ions at varying beam energies. We present a test of QCD in the nonperturbative domain through a comparison of thermodynamic fluctuations predicted in lattice computations with the experimental data of baryon number distributions in high-energy heavy ion collisions. This study provides evidence for thermalization in these collisions and allows us to find the crossover temperature between normal nuclear matter and a deconfined phase called the quark gluon plasma. This value allows us to set a scale for the phase diagram of QCD.
