Non-noble metal-nitride based electrocatalysts for high-performance alkaline seawater electrolysis
作者：
Yu, Luo;Zhu, Qing;Song, Shaowei;McElhenny, Brian;Wang, Dezhi;...
期刊：
Nature Communications ,2019年10(1):5106 ISSN：2041-1723
通讯作者：
Yu, Ying;Chen, Shuo;Ren, Zhifeng
作者机构：
[Yu, Ying; Yu, Luo] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[McElhenny, Brian; Chen, Shuo; Yu, Luo; Song, Shaowei; Wang, Dezhi; Ren, Zhifeng; Zhu, Qing] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA.;[McElhenny, Brian; Chen, Shuo; Yu, Luo; Song, Shaowei; Wang, Dezhi; Ren, Zhifeng; Zhu, Qing] Univ Houston, TcSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA.;[Song, Shaowei; Zhu, Qing] Univ Houston, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Houston, TX 77204 USA.;[Qin, Zhaojun; Bao, Jiming; Wu, Chunzheng] Univ Houston, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
通讯机构：
[Yu, Ying] C;[Chen, S; Ren, ZF] U;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA.;Univ Houston, TcSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
摘要：
Seawater is one of the most abundant natural resources on our planet. Electrolysis of seawater is not only a promising approach to produce clean hydrogen energy, but also of great significance to seawater desalination. The implementation of seawater electrolysis requires robust and efficient electrocatalysts that can sustain seawater splitting without chloride corrosion, especially for the anode. Here we report a three-dimensional core-shell metal-nitride catalyst consisting of NiFeN nanoparticles uniformly decorated on NiMoN nanorods supported on Ni foam, which serves as an eminently active and durable oxygen evolution reaction catalyst for alkaline seawater electrolysis. Combined with an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst of NiMoN nanorods, we have achieved the industrially required current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm−2 at record low voltages of 1.608 and 1.709 V, respectively, for overall alkaline seawater splitting at 60 °C. This discovery significantly advances the development of seawater electrolysis for large-scale hydrogen production. © 2019, The Author(s).
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A New View of Supercapacitors: Integrated Supercapacitors
作者：
Zhu, Qiancheng;Zhao, Danyang;Cheng, Mingyu;Zhou, Jianqing;Owusu, Kwadwo Asare;...
期刊：
Advanced Energy Materials ,2019年9(36):1901081- ISSN：1614-6832
通讯作者：
Yu, Ying;Mai, Liqiang
作者机构：
[Zhu, Qiancheng; Zhao, Danyang; Yu, Ying; Cheng, Mingyu; Zhou, Jianqing] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Mai, Liqiang; Owusu, Kwadwo Asare] Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yu, Ying] C;[Mai, Liqiang] W;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
asymmetric and symmetric supercapacitors;integrated supercapacitors;multiple mechanisms
摘要：
Charging times ranging from seconds to minutes with high power densities can be achieved by electrochemical capacitors in principle. Over the past few decades, the performance of supercapacitors has been greatly improved by the utilization of new materials, preparation of unique nanostructures, investigation of electrolytes, and so on. However, the discovery of the related basic theory is very limited. Herein, a new view of a supercapacitor called the “integrated supercapacitor” is proposed. The electrode of the integrated supercapacitor consists of certain positive and negative materials. With this design, a single integrated electrode can work in both the positive and negative potential windows simultaneously. Additionally, the integrated full supercapacitor device shows a much higher capacitance and wider potential window than traditional single symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors, which results from its multiple mechanisms, including the traditional positive//positive symmetric, positive//negative asymmetric, and negative//negative symmetric full supercapacitor mechanisms. © 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
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英文
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Wave propagation and synchronization induced by chemical autapse in chain Hindmarsh–Rose neural network
作者：
Ge, Mengyan;Jia, Ya
* （ ;Xu, Ying;Lu, Lulu;Wang, Huiwen;...
期刊：
Applied Mathematics and Computation ,2019年352:136-145 ISSN：0096-3003
作者机构：
[Jia, Ya; Lu, Lulu; Wang, Huiwen; Ge, Mengyan; Xu, Ying; Zhao, Yunjie] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jia, Ya] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Chain neural network;Connection strength between neurons;Chemical autapse;Electromagnetic field coupling
摘要：
In this paper, based on a chain Hindmarsh–Rose (HR) neural network under the action of electromagnetic field, the effects of connection strength between adjacent neurons on the wave propagation are investigated by utilizing numerical simulations. When the connection strength is increased via the decreasing of distance from central neuron, it is found that the firing rates of neurons in chain HR neural network are increased, and the velocity of wave propagation also becomes fast with the increasing of connection strength maximum. The chemical autapse imposed on the central neuron has a great influence on the firing rates of neurons and the wave propagation with different autaptic intensities. The firing rates of neurons are high, and many neurons can stand the excited state by increasing the field coupling strength. However, when the connection strength is decreased via the decreasing of distance from central neuron, the influences of connection strength maximum on the wave propagation are very small. The synchronization factor of the chain HR neural network is investigated by changing the maximum of connection strength, the autaptic intensity, and the field coupling intensity, respectively. It is found that the larger the field coupling strength is, the better the synchronization of neurons in the chain neural network will be, and the firing rates of neurons are high. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.
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英文
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Observation of CP Violation in Charm Decays
作者：
Aaij, R.* ;Beteta, C. Abellan;Adeva, B.;Adinolfi, M.;Aidala, C. A.;...
期刊：
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS ,2019年122(21) ISSN：0031-9007
通讯作者：
Aaij, R.
作者机构：
[Ketel, T.; Mulder, M.; Tuning, N.; Butter, J.; Hynds, D.; van Tilburg, J.; Sanchez Gras, C.; Veronesi, M.; Aaij, R.; Greim, R.; van Beuzekom, M.; de Vries, A.; kostiuk, I.; Jans, E.; Bel, L. J.; Esen, S.; Dall'Occo, E.; Pellegrino, A.; Vitkovskiy, A.; Merk, M.; Onderwater, C. J. G.; Archilli, F.; van Veghel, M.; Koppenburg, P.; Raven, G.; Sole, S. Ferreres; Sierra, C. Vazquez; Govorkova, E.; Benson, S.; Hulsbergen, W.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.;[Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, R.; Massafferri, A.; Cruz Torres, M.; De Miranda, J. M.; Soares Lavra, L.; Gomes, A.; Bediaga, I.; dos Reis, A. C.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Lopes, J. H.; Polycarpo, E.; Souza De Paula, B.; Gandelman, M.; Gobel, C.; Rangel, M. S.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.; Hicheur, A.; Otalora Goicochea, J. M.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Silva de Oliveira, L.; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Amato, S.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Cai, H.; Jiang, F.; Dey, B.; Yu, J.; Yin, H.; Xu, A.; Liu, G.; Wang, Y.; Xu, M.; Ren, Z.; Tang, Z.; Xiao, D.; Li, H.; Xu, Z.; Wang, M.; Hu, W.; Gu, C.; Sun, J.; Xing, H.; Han, Q.; Chen, C.; Zhu, X.; Sun, L.; Luo, Y.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, C.; Xie, Y.; Mukherjee, M.; Zeng, M.; Zhang, L.; Gan, Y.; Liu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Beliy, N.; Lyu, X.; Szymanski, M.; Xu, Q.; Huang, W.; Li, P. -R.; He, J.; Saur, M.; Qian, W.; Qin, J.; Zheng, Y.; Vieira, D.] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Aaij, R.] N;Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
摘要：
A search for charge-parity (CP) violation in D0→K-K+ and D0→π-π+ decays is reported, using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.9 fb-1 collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the LHCb detector. The flavor of the charm meson is inferred from the charge of the pion in D∗(2010)+→D0π+ decays or from the charge of the muon in B̄→D0μ-ν̄μX decays. The difference between the CP asymmetries in D0→K-K+ and D0→π-π+ decays is measured to be ΔACP=[-18.2±3.2(stat)±0.9(syst)]×10-4 for π-tagged and ΔACP=[-9±8(stat)±5(syst)]×10-4 for μ-tagged D0 mesons. Combining these with previous LHCb results leads to ΔACP=(-15.4±2.9)×10-4, where the uncertainty includes both statistical and systematic contributions. The measured value differs from zero by more than 5 standard deviations. This is the first observation of CP violation in the decay of charm hadrons. © 2019 CERN.
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Efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution on atomically dispersed Ni-N x Species anchored porous carbon with embedded Ni nanoparticles by accelerating water dissociation kinetics
作者：
Lei, Chaojun;Wang, Yu;Hou, Yang* ;Liu, Pan;Yang, Jian;...
期刊：
Energy & Environmental Science ,2019年12(1):149-156 ISSN：1754-5692
通讯作者：
Hou, Yang;Feng, Xinliang;Qiu, Ming
作者机构：
[Lei, Chaojun; Lei, Lecheng; Yang, Jian; Yang, Bin; Hou, Yang] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Chem & Biol Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biomass Chem Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yu] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Shanghai 201204, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Mingwei; Liu, Pan] Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.;[Chen, Mingwei; Liu, Pan] JST, CREST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan.;[Feng, Xinliang; Zhuang, Xiaodong; Zhang, Tao] Tech Univ Dresden, Ctr Adv Elect Dresden Cfaed, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
通讯机构：
[Hou, Yang] Z;[Feng, Xinliang] T;[Qiu, Ming] C;Zhejiang Univ, Coll Chem & Biol Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biomass Chem Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China.;Tech Univ Dresden, Ctr Adv Elect Dresden Cfaed, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
摘要：
Developing inexpensive and efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) during alkaline water electrolysis is crucial for renewable and sustainable energy harvesting. Herein, we report a novel hybrid electrocatalyst comprising atomically dispersed Ni-N x species anchored porous carbon (Ni-N-C) matrix with embedded Ni nanoparticles for HER. This new catalyst is synthesized via pyrolysis of hydrothermally prepared supermolecular composite of dicyandiamide and Ni ions followed by an acid etching treatment. The achieved hybrid exhibits superior catalytic performance toward HER with a small overpotential of 147 mV at 10 mA cm -2 and a low Tafel slope of 114 mV dec -1 , comparable to those of state-of-the-art heteroatom-doped nanocarbon catalysts and even outperforming other reported transition-metal-based compounds in basic media. Experimental observations and theoretical calculations reveal that the presence of Ni nanoparticles can optimize surface states of Ni-N x active centers and reduce energy barriers of dissociated water molecules, which synergistically improve OH - adsorption and promote HER kinetics. When served as electrodes for both cathode and anode, an alkaline water electrolyzer could afford a current density of 10 mA cm -2 at a low cell voltage of 1.58 V, rivalling the sufficiently high overpotentials of integrated Pt/C-Ir/C benchmark electrodes. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
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Atomic Ni Anchored Covalent Triazine Framework as High Efficient Electrocatalyst for Carbon Dioxide Conversion
作者：
Lu, Chenbao;Yang, Jian;Wei, Shice;Bi, Shuai;Xia, Ying;...
期刊：
Advanced Functional Materials ,2019年29(10):1806884- ISSN：1616-301X
通讯作者：
Zhuang, Xiaodong;Hou, Yang;Qiu, Ming;Liang, Haiwei
作者机构：
[Bi, Shuai; Wei, Shice; Su, Yuezeng; Zhang, Fan; Zhuang, Xiaodong; Lu, Chenbao] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Met Matrix Composites, Dongchuan Rd 800, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.;[Bi, Shuai; Wei, Shice; Su, Yuezeng; Zhang, Fan; Zhuang, Xiaodong; Lu, Chenbao] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Shanghai Key Lab Elect Insulat & Thermal Ageing, Dongchuan Rd 800, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Jian; Hou, Yang] Zhejiang Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biomass Chem Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Jian; Hou, Yang] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Chem & Biol Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Xia, Ying; Qiu, Ming] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhuang, Xiaodong] S;[Hou, Yang] Z;[Qiu, Ming] C;[Liang, Haiwei] U;Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, State Key Lab Met Matrix Composites, Dongchuan Rd 800, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
关键词：
carbon dioxide reduction;covalent triazine framework;energy barrier;Faradaic efficiency;nickel–nitrogen coordination
摘要：
Electrochemically driven carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) conversion is an emerging research field due to the global warming and energy crisis. Carbon monoxide (CO) is one key product during electroreduction of CO 2 ; however, this reduction process suffers from tardy kinetics due to low local concentration of CO 2 on a catalyst's surface and low density of active sites. Herein, presented is a combination of experimental and theoretical validation of a Ni porphyrin-based covalent triazine framework (NiPor-CTF) with atomically dispersed NiN 4 centers as an efficient electrocatalyst for CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR). The high density and atomically distributed NiN 4 centers are confirmed by aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy and extended X-ray absorption fine structure. As a result, NiPor-CTF exhibits high selectivity toward CO 2 RR with a Faradaic efficiency of >90% over the range from −0.6 to −0.9 V for CO conversion and achieves a maximum Faradaic efficiency of 97% at −0.9 V with a high current density of 52.9 mA cm −2 , as well as good long-term stability. Further calculation by the density functional theory method reveals that the kinetic energy barriers decreasing for *CO 2 transition to *COOH on NiN 4 active sites boosts the performance. © 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
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英文
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Water splitting by electrolysis at high current densities under 1.6 volts
作者：
Zhou, Haiqing;Yu, Fang;Zhu, Qing;Sun, Jingying;Qin, Fan;...
期刊：
Energy & Environmental Science ,2018年11(10):2858-2864 ISSN：1754-5692
通讯作者：
Chen, Shuo;Ren, Zhifeng;Yu, Ying
作者机构：
[Zhou, Haiqing; Chen, Shuo; Chen, S; Ren, Zhifeng; Zhu, Qing; Sun, Jingying; Yu, Fang] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA.;[Zhou, Haiqing; Chen, Shuo; Chen, S; Ren, Zhifeng; Zhu, Qing; Sun, Jingying; Yu, Fang] Univ Houston, TcSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA.;[Zhou, Haiqing; Yu, Fang] Hunan Normal Univ, Sch Phys & Elect, Minist Educ, Key Lab Low Dimens Quantum Struct & Quantum Contr, Changsha 410081, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Qin, Fan; Bao, Jiming; Yu, Luo] Univ Houston, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA.;[Yu, Ying] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, S; Ren, ZF] U;[Yu, Ying] C;Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA.;Univ Houston, TcSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA.;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis using electricity from intermittent waste heat, wind, or solar energies is one of the easiest and cleanest methods for high-purity hydrogen production and an effective way to store the excess electrical power. The key dilemma for efficient large-scale production of hydrogen by splitting of water via the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER, respectively) is the high overpotential required, especially for the OER. We report an exceptionally active and durable OER catalyst yielding current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm-2 at overpotentials of only 259 mV and 289 mV in alkaline electrolyte, respectively, fulfilling the commercial criteria of the OER process. Together with a good HER catalyst, we have achieved the commercially required current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm-2 at 1.586 and 1.657 V, respectively, with very good stability, dramatically lower than any previously reported voltage. This discovery sets the stage for large-scale hydrogen production by water splitting using excess electrical power whenever and wherever available. © 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
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英文
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From hadrons to quarks in neutron stars: A review
作者：
Baym, Gordon;Hatsuda, Tetsuo;Kojo, Toru* ;Powell, Philip D.;Song, Yifan;...
期刊：
Reports on Progress in Physics ,2018年81(5):056902 ISSN：0034-4885
通讯作者：
Kojo, Toru
作者机构：
[Baym, Gordon; Song, Yifan; Kojo, Toru; Powell, Philip D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.;[Baym, Gordon; Hatsuda, Tetsuo] RIKEN, iTHES Res Grp, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.;[Baym, Gordon] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Niels Bohr Int Acad, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark.;[Hatsuda, Tetsuo] RIKEN, iTHEMS Program, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.;[Takatsuka, Tatsuyuki; Hatsuda, Tetsuo] RIKEN, Nishina Ctr, Theoret Res Div, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
通讯机构：
[Kojo, Toru] U;[Kojo, Toru] C;Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.;Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys, MOE, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
hadrons;neutron stars;quarks
摘要：
In recent years our understanding of neutron stars has advanced remarkably, thanks to research converging from many directions. The importance of understanding neutron star behavior and structure has been underlined by the recent direct detection of gravitational radiation from merging neutron stars. The clean identification of several heavy neutron stars, of order two solar masses, challenges our current understanding of how dense matter can be sufficiently stiff to support such a mass against gravitational collapse. Programs underway to determine simultaneously the mass and radius of neutron stars will continue to constrain and inform theories of neutron star interiors. At the same time, an emerging understanding in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) of how nuclear matter can evolve into deconfined quark matter at high baryon densities is leading to advances in understanding the equation of state of the matter under the extreme conditions in neutron star interiors. We review here the equation of state of matter in neutron stars from the solid crust through the liquid nuclear matter interior to the quark regime at higher densities. We focus in detail on the question of how quark matter appears in neutron stars, and how it affects the equation of state. After discussing the crust and liquid nuclear matter in the core we briefly review aspects of microscopic quark physics relevant to neutron stars, and quark models of dense matter based on the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio framework, in which gluonic processes are replaced by effective quark interactions. We turn then to describing equations of state useful for interpretation of both electromagnetic and gravitational observations, reviewing the emerging picture of hadron-quark continuity in which hadronic matter turns relatively smoothly, with at most only a weak first order transition, into quark matter with increasing density. We review construction of unified equations of state that interpolate between the reasonably well understood nuclear matter regime at low densities and the quark matter regime at higher densities. The utility of such interpolations is driven by the present inability to calculate the dense matter equation of state in QCD from first principles. As we review, the parameters of effective quark models-which have direct relevance to the more general structure of the QCD phase diagram of dense and hot matter-are constrained by neutron star mass and radii measurements, in particular favoring large repulsive density-density and attractive diquark pairing interactions. We describe the structure of neutron stars constructed from the unified equations of states with crossover. Lastly we present the current equations of state-called 'QHC18' for quark-hadron crossover-in a parametrized form practical for neutron star modeling. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.
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英文
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Mode transition in electrical activities of neuron driven by high and low frequency stimulus in the presence of electromagnetic induction and radiation
作者：
Ge, Mengyan;Jia, Ya
* （ ;Xu, Ying;Yang, Lijian
期刊：
Nonlinear Dynamics ,2018年91(1):515-523 ISSN：0924-090X
作者机构：
[Jia, Ya; Ge, Mengyan; Xu, Ying; Yang, Lijian] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Jia, Ya; Ge, Mengyan; Xu, Ying; Yang, Lijian] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jia, Ya] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Neuron;Bifurcation;Magnetic flow;Memristor;Electromagnetic radiation
摘要：
The Hindmarsh–Rose (HR) neuron model has been improved to investigate the complex electrophysiological and various physical phenomena at the level of single cell, for example, time-varying action potential can be induced by the exchange of ion currents and the fluctuation of ions concentration in the cell. When the magnetic flux is considered as a new variable associated to magnetic field, the improved HR neuron model can describe the effects of electromagnetic induction and radiation on membrane potential, where a memristor is used to bridge the membrane potential and the magnetic flux. In this paper, considering the magnetic flux driven, respectively, by the periodic high and low frequency electromagnetic radiation and the Gaussian white noise, the improved HR neuron model is employed to study the modes transition in electrical activities of neuron. The thought-provoking phenomena are detected and discussed by using bifurcation analysis on sampled time series of membrane potential. It is found that the electrical modes of HR neuron model under various parameters have different responses to the periodic high–low frequency electromagnetic radiation and the Gaussian white noise.
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英文
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Measurement of the Ratio of the B0 →d∗-τ+ντ and B0 →d∗-μ+νμ Branching Fractions Using Three-Prong τ -Lepton Decays
作者：
Aaij, R.* ;Adeva, B.;Adinolfi, M.;Ajaltouni, Z.;Akar, S.;...
期刊：
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS ,2018年120(17):171802 ISSN：0031-9007
通讯作者：
Aaij, R.
作者机构：
[Di Canto, A.; Durante, P.; Ferro-Luzzi, M.; Bozzi, C.; Fontana, M.; Tuning, N.; Kvaratskheliya, T.; Faerber, C.; Ponce, S.; Karacson, M.; Merli, A.; Byczynski, W.; Hatch, M.; Forty, R.; Corti, G.; McCann, M.; Schmidt, B.; Gaspar, C.; Perez, D. H. Campora; Voneki, B.; Roiser, S.; Seyfert, P.; Wyllie, K.; Dordei, F.; Contu, A.; Lacarrere, D.; Leflat, A.; Cattaneo, M.; Jost, B.; Hasse, C.; Dungs, K.; Rihl, M.; Siddi, B. G.; Lindner, R.; Dijkstra, H.; Chitic, S. -G.; Thomas, E.; Funk, W.; Palutan, M.; Golutvin, A.; Lemaitre, F.; Collins, P.; Jacobsson, R.; Neufeld, N.; Buytaert, J.; Frei, C.; Aaij, R.; Mathe, Z.; Grillo, L.; Stagni, F.; Teubert, F.; Lupton, O.; Perazzini, S.; Gys, T.; Wilkinson, G.; Frank, M.; Clemencic, M.; Pisani, F.; Valassi, A.; Alessio, F.; Trisovic, A.; Fohl, K.; Popov, D.; Matev, R.; Cardoso, L. A. Granado; Joram, C.; Altarelli, M. Pepe; Barschel, C.; Charpentier, Ph.; Ruf, T.; Neri, N.; Whitehead, M.; Stahl, S.; Bettler, M. -O.; Gruber, L.; Schopper, A.; Couturier, B.; Cavallero, G.; Maev, O.; Salzgeber, M. Ravonel; Schindler, H.; Haen, C.; Barbosa, J. V. Viana; Dziurda, A.; Johnson, D.; Dorigo, M.; Schwemmer, R.; Vagnoni, V.; D'Ambrosio, C.; Declara, P. Fernandez; Closier, J.; van Herwijnen, E.; Coombs, G.; Valat, S.; Sridharan, S.; Colombo, T.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, Geneva, Switzerland.;[Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, R.; Massafferri, A.; De Miranda, J. M.; Soares Lavra, L.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Gomes, A.; Molina Rodriguez, J.; Bediaga, I.; Rodrigues, A. B.; dos Reis, A. C.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Lopes, J. H.; Martins Tostes, D.; Polycarpo, E.; Souza De Paula, B.; Cruz Torres, M.; Gandelman, M.; Gobel, C.; Rangel, M. S.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.; Hicheur, A.; Otalora Goicochea, J. M.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Baesso, C.; Silva de Oliveira, L.; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Da Cunha Marinho, F.; Amato, S.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Cai, H.; Jiang, F.; Beliy, N.; Dey, B.; Yu, J.; Yin, H.; Li, T.; Lyu, X.; Szymanski, M.; Li, P. -R.; He, J.; Zheng, Y.; Zhu, X.; Sun, L.; An, L.; Xie, Y.; Davis, A.; Zhang, L.; Liu, X.; Vieira, D.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Chefdeville, M.; Decamp, D.; Reboud, M.; Beaucourt, L.; T'Jampens, S.; Marchand, J. F.; Tisserand, V.; Xu, Z.; Ghez, Ph.; Tournefier, E.; Pietrzyk, B.; Minard, M. -N.; Deleage, N.] Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS IN2P3, LAPP, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
通讯机构：
[Aaij, R.] C;CERN, European Org Nucl Res, Geneva, Switzerland.
摘要：
The ratio of branching fractions R(D∗-)≡B(B0→D∗-τ+ντ)/B(B0→D∗-μ+νμ) is measured using a data sample of proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb-1. For the first time, R(D∗-) is determined using the τ-lepton decays with three charged pions in the final state. The B0→D∗-τ+ντ yield is normalized to that of the B0→D∗-π+π-π+ mode, providing a measurement of B(B0→D∗-τ+ντ)/B(B0→D∗-π+π-π+)=1.97±0.13±0.18, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The value of B(B0→D∗-τ+ντ)=(1.42±0.094±0.129±0.054)% is obtained, where the third uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the branching fraction of the normalization mode. Using the well-measured branching fraction of the B0→D∗-μ+νμ decay, a value of R(D∗-)=0.291±0.019±0.026±0.013 is established, where the third uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the branching fractions of the normalization and B0→D∗-μ+νμ modes. This measurement is in agreement with the standard model prediction and with previous results. © 2018 CERN, for the LHCb Collaboration. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the »https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/» Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.
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Measurement of the Ratio of Branching Fractions B (Bc+ →j /ψτ+ντ)/ B (Bc+ →j /ψμ+νμ)(Open Access)
作者：
Aaij, R.* ;Adeva, B.;Adinolfi, M.;Ajaltouni, Z.;Akar, S.;...
期刊：
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS ,2018年120(12):121801 ISSN：0031-9007
通讯作者：
Aaij, R.
作者机构：
[Di Canto, A.; Durante, P.; Ferro-Luzzi, M.; Bozzi, C.; Fontana, M.; Francisco, O. De Aguiar; Tuning, N.; Kvaratskheliya, T.; Faerber, C.; Ponce, S.; Karacson, M.; Merli, A.; Byczynski, W.; Hatch, M.; Forty, R.; Corti, G.; McCann, M.; Schmidt, B.; Gaspar, C.; Perez, D. H. Campora; Voneki, B.; Roiser, S.; Seyfert, P.; Wyllie, K.; Dordei, F.; Chobanova, V.; Contu, A.; Lacarrere, D.; Leflat, A.; Cattaneo, M.; Jost, B.; Hasse, C.; Rihl, M.; Lindner, R.; Dijkstra, H.; Chitic, S. -G.; Thomas, E.; Funk, W.; Palutan, M.; Belyaev, I.; Lemaitre, F.; Collins, P.; Jacobsson, R.; Neufeld, N.; Buytaert, J.; Frei, C.; Aaij, R.; Mathe, Z.; Stagni, F.; Pearce, A.; Teubert, F.; Lupton, O.; Perazzini, S.; Gys, T.; Frank, M.; De Bruyn, K.; Clemencic, M.; Pisani, F.; Valassi, A.; Alessio, F.; Trisovic, A.; Fohl, K.; Popov, D.; Matev, R.; Cardoso, L. A. Granado; Joram, C.; Altarelli, M. Pepe; Barschel, C.; Charpentier, Ph.; Ruf, T.; Neri, N.; Whitehead, M.; Stahl, S.; Bettler, M. -O.; Gruber, L.; Schopper, A.; Couturier, B.; Cavallero, G.; Wilson, F. F.; Maev, O.; Salzgeber, M. Ravonel; Schindler, H.; Haen, C.; Barbosa, J. V. Viana; Dziurda, A.; Johnson, D.; Dorigo, M.; Passaleva, G.; Schwemmer, R.; Vagnoni, V.; D'Ambrosio, C.; Gomez, R. Vazquez; Declara, P. Fernandez; Closier, J.; van Herwijnen, E.; Coombs, G.; Valat, S.; Sridharan, S.; Colombo, T.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, Geneva, Switzerland.;[Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, R.; Massafferri, A.; Cruz Torres, M.; De Miranda, J. M.; Soares Lavra, L.; Gomes, A.; Bediaga, I.; Rodrigues, A. B.; dos Reis, A. C.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Lopes, J. H.; Polycarpo, E.; Souza De Paula, B.; Gandelman, M.; Rangel, M. S.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.; Hicheur, A.; Otalora Goicochea, J. M.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Potterat, C.; Silva de Oliveira, L.; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Da Cunha Marinho, F.; Amato, S.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro UFRJ, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Jiang, F.; Li, T.; Gobel, C.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Sun, J.; Baesso, C.; Zhu, X.; An, L.; Davis, A.; Zhang, L.; Liu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Chefdeville, M.; Cai, H.; Beliy, N.; Decamp, D.; Dey, B.; Yu, J.; Yin, H.; Reboud, M.; Beaucourt, L.; Xu, M.; T'Jampens, S.; Lyu, X.; Szymanski, M.; Marchand, J. F.; Tisserand, V.; Xu, Z.; Ghez, Ph.; Li, P. -R.; He, J.; Hu, W.; Tournefier, E.; Zheng, Y.; Pietrzyk, B.; Sun, L.; Minard, M. -N.; Xie, Y.; Vieira, D.] Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
通讯机构：
[Aaij, R.] C;CERN, European Org Nucl Res, Geneva, Switzerland.
摘要：
A measurement is reported of the ratio of branching fractions R(J/ψ)=B(Bc+→J/ψτ+ντ)/B(Bc+→J/ψμ+νμ), where the τ+ lepton is identified in the decay mode τ+→μ+νμντ. This analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb-1 of integrated luminosity recorded with the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. A signal is found for the decay Bc+→J/ψτ+ντ at a significance of 3 standard deviations corrected for systematic uncertainty, and the ratio of the branching fractions is measured to be R(J/ψ)=0.71±0.17(stat)±0.18(syst). This result lies within 2 standard deviations above the range of central values currently predicted by the standard model. © 2018 CERN. for the LHCb.
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Test of lepton flavor universality by the measurement of the B-0 -> D*(-) tau(+) nu(tau) branching fraction using three-prong tau decays
作者：
Aaij, R.* ;Adeva, B.;Adinolfi, M.;Ajaltouni, Z.;Akar, S.;...
期刊：
PHYSICAL REVIEW D ,2018年97(7) ISSN：2470-0010
通讯作者：
Aaij, R.
作者机构：
[Di Canto, A.; Durante, P.; Ferro-Luzzi, M.; Bozzi, C.; Fontana, M.; Tuning, N.; Kvaratskheliya, T.; Faerber, C.; Ponce, S.; Karacson, M.; Merli, A.; Byczynski, W.; Hatch, M.; Forty, R.; Corti, G.; McCann, M.; Schmidt, B.; Gaspar, C.; Voneki, B.; Roiser, S.; Seyfert, P.; Wyllie, K.; Dordei, F.; Contu, A.; Lacarrere, D.; Leflat, A.; Cattaneo, M.; Jost, B.; Hasse, C.; Dungs, K.; Rihl, M.; Campora Perez, D. H.; Siddi, B. G.; Lindner, R.; Dijkstra, H.; Chitic, S. -G.; Thomas, E.; Funk, W.; Palutan, M.; Golutvin, A.; Lemaitre, F.; Collins, P.; Jacobsson, R.; Neufeld, N.; Buytaert, J.; Frei, C.; Aaij, R.; Mathe, Z.; Grillo, L.; Stagni, F.; Pearce, A.; Teubert, F.; Lupton, O.; Perazzini, S.; Gys, T.; Wilkinson, G.; Frank, M.; Clemencic, M.; Pisani, F.; Valassi, A.; Alessio, F.; Trisovic, A.; Fohl, K.; Popov, D.; Matev, R.; Cardoso, L. A. Granado; Joram, C.; Altarelli, M. Pepe; Barschel, C.; Charpentier, Ph.; Ruf, T.; Neri, N.; Whitehead, M.; Stahl, S.; Bettler, M. -O.; Gruber, L.; Schopper, A.; Couturier, B.; Cavallero, G.; Maev, O.; Salzgeber, M. Ravonel; Schindler, H.; Haen, C.; Barbosa, J. V. Viana; Dziurda, A.; Johnson, D.; Dorigo, M.; Schwemmer, R.; Vagnoni, V.; D'Ambrosio, C.; Declara, P. Fernandez; Closier, J.; van Herwijnen, E.; Coombs, G.; Valat, S.; Sridharan, S.; Colombo, T.] European Org Nucl Res CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.;[Massafferri, A.; De Miranda, J. M.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Gomes, A.; Molina Rodriguez, J.; Lavra, L. Soares; Bediaga, I.; Aoude, R. Tourinho Jadallah; Rodrigues, A. B.; dos Reis, A. C.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Lopes, J. H.; Martins Tostes, D.; Polycarpo, E.; Souza De Paula, B.; Cruz Torres, M.; Gandelman, M.; Rangel, M. S.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.; Hicheur, A.; Otalora Goicochea, J. M.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Potterat, C.; Goebel, C.; Baesso, C.; Silva de Oliveira, L.; De Paula, L.; Nasteva, I.; Da Cunha Marinho, F.; Amato, S.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Gao, Y.; Yang, Z.; Cai, H.; Jiang, F.; Beliy, N.; Dey, B.; Yu, J.; Yin, H.; Li, T.; Lyu, X.; Szymanski, M.; Li, P. -R.; He, J.; Zheng, Y.; Zhu, X.; Sun, L.; An, L.; Xie, Y.; Davis, A.; Zhang, L.; Liu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Chefdeville, M.; Decamp, D.; Reboud, M.; Beaucourt, L.; T'Jampens, S.; Marchand, J. F.; Tisserand, V.; Xu, Z.; Ghez, Ph.; Tournefier, E.; Pietrzyk, B.; Minard, M. -N.; Deleage, N.] Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP, IN2P3, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
通讯机构：
[Aaij, R.] E;European Org Nucl Res CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
摘要：
The ratio of branching fractions R(D∗-)≡B(B0→D∗-τ+ντ)/B(B0→D∗-μ+νμ) is measured using a data sample of proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb-1. The τ lepton is reconstructed with three charged pions in the final state. A novel method is used that exploits the different vertex topologies of signal and backgrounds to isolate samples of semitauonic decays of b hadrons with high purity. Using the B0→D∗-π+π-π+ decay as the normalization channel, the ratio B(B0→D∗-τ+ντ)/B(B0→D∗-π+π-π+) is measured to be 1.97±0.13±0.18, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. An average of branching fraction measurements for the normalization channel is used to derive B(B0→D∗-τ+ντ)=(1.42±0.094±0.129±0.054)%, where the third uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of B(B0→D∗-π+π-π+). A test of lepton flavor universality is performed using the well-measured branching fraction B(B0→D∗-μ+νμ) to compute R(D∗-)=0.291±0.019±0.026±0.013, where the third uncertainty originates from the uncertainties on B(B0→D∗-π+π-π+) and B(B0→D∗-μ+νμ). This measurement is in agreement with the Standard Model prediction and with previous measurements. © 2018 CERN, for the LHCb Collaboration. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the »https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/» Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP 3 .
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DECODING THE PHASE STRUCTURE OF QCD VIA PARTICLE PRODUCTION AT HIGH ENERGY
作者：
Andronic, Anton;Braun-Munzinger, Peter* ;Redlich, Krzysztof;Stachel, Johanna
期刊：
Nature ,2018年561(7723):321-330 ISSN：1476-4687
通讯作者：
Braun-Munzinger, Peter
作者机构：
[Braun-Munzinger, Peter; Andronic, Anton; Redlich, Krzysztof] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, Res Div, Darmstadt, Germany.;[Braun-Munzinger, Peter; Andronic, Anton; Redlich, Krzysztof] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, EMMI, Darmstadt, Germany.;[Andronic, Anton] Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, Munster, Germany.;[Braun-Munzinger, Peter; Stachel, Johanna] Heidelberg Univ, Phys Inst, Heidelberg, Germany.;[Braun-Munzinger, Peter] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Braun-Munzinger, Peter] G;[Braun-Munzinger, Peter] H;[Braun-Munzinger, Peter] C;GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, Res Div, Darmstadt, Germany.;GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, EMMI, Darmstadt, Germany.
摘要：
Recent studies based on lattice Monte Carlo simulations of quantum chromodynamics (QCD)—the theory of strong interactions—have demonstrated that at high temperature there is a phase change from confined hadronic matter to a deconfined quark–gluon plasma in which quarks and gluons can travel distances that greatly exceed the size of hadrons. Here we show that the phase structure of such strongly interacting matter can be decoded by analysing particle production in high-energy nuclear collisions within the framework of statistical hadronization, which accounts for the thermal distribution of particle species. Our results represent a phenomenological determination of the location of the phase boundary of strongly interacting matter, and imply quark–hadron duality at this boundary. By analysing particle production in high-energy nuclear collisions, the phase boundary of strongly interacting matter is located and the phase structure of quantum chromodynamics is elucidated, implying quark–hadron duality.
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Dynamic behaviors in coupled neuron system with the excitatory and inhibitory autapse under electromagnetic induction
作者：
Xu, Ying;Jia, Ya
* （ ;Kirunda, John Billy;Shen, Jian;Ge, Mengyan;...
期刊：
Complexity ,2018年2018:3012743:1-3012743:13 ISSN：1076-2787
作者机构：
[Jia, Ya; Kirunda, John Billy; Lu, Lulu; Shen, Jian; Ge, Mengyan; Xu, Ying] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Jia, Ya; Kirunda, John Billy; Lu, Lulu; Shen, Jian; Ge, Mengyan; Xu, Ying] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Shen, Jian] South Cent Univ Nationalities, Coll Elect & Informat Engn, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Pei, Qiming] Yangtze Univ, Sch Phys & Optoelect Engn, Jingzhou 434023, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Jia, Ya] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Biophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The induced current produced by electromagnetic induction can adjust the membrane potential of neuron through the feedback of a magnetic flux-controlled memristor. We adopt the numerical simulation method with the aim of investigating the synchronous behavior in the neuronal system that is coupled by chemical and electrical synapses under electromagnetic induction. Within the improved model, the effects of electromagnetic induction on neurons are described with additive memristive current on the membrane variable, and the memristive current is dependent on the variation of magnetic flow. The simulation results show that the two coupling modes play an important role in the synchronization of the system. By increasing the chemical synaptic feedback gain, we observe a transition from mixed oscillatory to periodic state at a critical value. In addition, two Hopf bifurcation points are found with the change of the external stimuli, and the state of neuron discharge is influenced by initial values. Furthermore, there is a domain of coupling strength and feedback gain values, in which the two coupled neuron system is synchronized and longer time lag is not conducive to the system synchronization. © 2018 Ying Xu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Synergetic Contribution of Boron and Fe-Nx Species in Porous Carbons toward Efficient Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
作者：
Yuan, Kai* ;Sfaelou, Stavroula;Qiu, Ming;Lutzenkirchen-Hecht, Dirk;Zhuang, Xiaodong* ;...
期刊：
ACS Energy Letters ,2018年3(1):252-260 ISSN：2380-8195
通讯作者：
Yuan, Kai;Chen, Yiwang;Zhuang, Xiaodong
作者机构：
[Yuan, Kai; Chen, Yiwang] Nanchang Univ, Inst Polymers, Coll Chem, 999 Xuefu Ave, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.;[Scherft, Ullrich; Yuan, Kai] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Macromol Chem Grp Buwmakro, Gauss Str 20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.;[Scherft, Ullrich; Yuan, Kai] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Inst Polymer Technol, Gauss Str 20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.;[Zhuang, Xiaodong; Sfaelou, Stavroula; Feng, Xinliang] Tech Univ Dresden, Cfaed, Mommsenstr 4, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.;[Zhuang, Xiaodong; Sfaelou, Stavroula; Feng, Xinliang] Tech Univ Dresden, Dept Chem & Food Chem, Mommsenstr 4, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
通讯机构：
[Yuan, K; Chen, YW] N;[Yuan, Kai] B;[Zhuang, Xiaodong] T;Nanchang Univ, Inst Polymers, Coll Chem, 999 Xuefu Ave, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.;Berg Univ Wuppertal, Macromol Chem Grp Buwmakro, Gauss Str 20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
摘要：
The development of porous carbon materials as highly efficient, durable, and economic electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is of great importance for realizing practical applications of many significant energy conversion and storage devices. Herein, we demonstrate a general approach to porous carbons decorated with boron centers and atomically dispersed Fe-Nx species (denoted as FeBNC). The as-prepared FeBNC can serve as efficient electrocatalysts for ORR in an alkaline medium with a half-wave potential of 0.838 V vs RHE, comparable to that of the state-of-the-art porous carbon catalysts and the benchmark system Pt/C. Theoretical calculation reveals that incorporation of boron dopant into traditional Fe-Nx species-enriched porous carbons significantly lowers the energy barrier for oxygen reduction and therefore boosts the overall performance. This work not only provides an easy method to synthesize B-doped Fe-Nx centers-enriched porous carbons as highly efficient electrocatalysts for ORR and Zn-air batteries but also proves the origin of the catalytic performance from both B dopants and Fe-Nx sites. © 2017 American Chemical Society.
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NiCo2O4 with oxygen vacancies as better performance electrode material for supercapacitor
作者：
Yan, Dan;Wang, Wei;Luo, Xin;Chen, Chao;Zeng, Yan;...
期刊：
Chemical Engineering Journal ,2018年334:864-872 ISSN：1385-8947
通讯作者：
Zhu, Zhihong
作者机构：
[Yan, Dan; Wang, Wei; Chen, Chao; Zhu, Zhihong; Luo, Xin] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zeng, Yan] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Chem, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhu, Zhihong] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Chemical reduction;NiCo 2 O 4;Oxygen vacancies;Supercapacitor
摘要：
In this paper, using a chemical reduction method, oxygen vacancies are introduced into different NiCo2O4 nanostructures, crystal structure analyses and electrochemical property studies on oxygen vacancies are further described by two sets of in situ control experiments. Electrochemical data show that reduced NiCo2O4 electrodes with appropriate oxygen vacancies exhibit a significant improvement on electrical conductivity and capacitance compared to the untreated electrodes. Interestingly, the capacitance of the reduced NiCo2O4 nanosheets electrode (0.5-NiCo2O4 NS-vac) and the reduced NiCo2O4 nanowires electrode (0.5-NiCo2O4 NW-vac) obtained from 0.5 M NaBH4 solution is significantly higher than that of the pristine electrodes, and has increased by 77% and 100.4%, respectively. Due to the introducing of oxygen vacancies in NiCo2O4, part of Co–O and Ni–O bonds in the crystals are destroyed and the crystalline degree of the crystals decreases. However, the reduced NiCo2O4 electrodes still maintain excellent cycling performance after cyclic test. These results indicate that the appropriate oxygen vacancies in NiCo2O4 can be an efficient strategy for enhancing the performance of NiCo2O4. © 2017
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A Novel Phase-Transformation Activation Process toward Ni–Mn–O Nanoprism Arrays for 2.4 V Ultrahigh-Voltage Aqueous Supercapacitors
作者：
Zuo, Wenhua;Xie, Chaoyue;Xu, Pan;Li, Yuanyuan;Liu, Jinping*
期刊：
Advanced Materials ,2017年29(36):1703463- ISSN：0935-9648
通讯作者：
Liu, Jinping
作者机构：
[Liu, Jinping; Zuo, Wenhua] Wuhan Univ Technol, Sch Chem Chem Engn & Life Sci, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Jinping; Zuo, Wenhua] Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Jinping; Zuo, Wenhua; Xie, Chaoyue; Xu, Pan] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yuanyuan] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Opt & Elect Informat, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Jinping] W;[Liu, Jinping] C;Wuhan Univ Technol, Sch Chem Chem Engn & Life Sci, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
aqueous supercapacitors;phase-transformation activation;solid-solution arrays;ultrahigh voltage
摘要：
One of the key challenges of aqueous supercapacitors is the relatively low voltage (0.8–2.0 V), which significantly limits the energy density and feasibility of practical applications of the device. Herein, this study reports a novel Ni–Mn–O solid-solution cathode to widen the supercapacitor device voltage, which can potentially suppress the oxygen evolution reaction and thus be operated stably within a quite wide potential window of 0–1.4 V (vs saturated calomel electrode) after a simple but unique phase-transformation electrochemical activation. The solid-solution structure is designed with an ordered array architecture and in situ nanocarbon modification to promote the charge/mass transfer kinetics. By paring with commercial activated carbon anode, an ultrahigh voltage asymmetric supercapacitor in neutral aqueous LiCl electrolyte is assembled (2.4 V; among the highest for single-cell supercapacitors). Moreover, by using a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–LiCl electrolyte, a 2.4 V hydrogel supercapacitor is further developed with an excellent Coulombic efficiency, good rate capability, and remarkable cycle life (>5000 cycles; 95.5% capacity retention). Only one cell can power the light-emitting diode indicator brightly. The resulting maximum volumetric energy density is 4.72 mWh cm−3, which is much superior to previous thin-film manganese-oxide-based supercapacitors and even battery–supercapacitor hybrid devices. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
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英文
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QCD equation of state to O(μB6) from lattice QCD
作者：
Bazavov, A.;Ding, H. -T.;Hegde, P.* ;Kaczmarek, O.;Karsch, F.;...
期刊：
PHYSICAL REVIEW D ,2017年95(5):054504 ISSN：2470-0010
通讯作者：
Hegde, P.
作者机构：
[Bazavov, A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Computat Math Sci & Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.;[Bazavov, A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.;[Ding, H. -T.; Kaczmarek, O.] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys MOE, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Ding, H. -T.; Kaczmarek, O.] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Hegde, P.] Indian Inst Sci, Ctr High Energy Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
通讯机构：
[Hegde, P.] I;Indian Inst Sci, Ctr High Energy Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
摘要：
We calculated the QCD equation of state using Taylor expansions that include contributions from up to sixth order in the baryon, strangeness and electric charge chemical potentials. Calculations have been performed with the Highly Improved Staggered Quark action in the temperature range T∈[135 MeV,330 MeV] using up to four different sets of lattice cutoffs corresponding to lattices of size Nσ3×Nτ with aspect ratio Nσ/Nτ=4 and Nτ=6−16. The strange quark mass is tuned to its physical value, and we use two strange to light quark mass ratios ms/ml=20 and 27, which in the continuum limit correspond to a pion mass of about 160 and 140 MeV, respectively. Sixth-order results for Taylor expansion coefficients are used to estimate truncation errors of the fourth-order expansion. We show that truncation errors are small for baryon chemical potentials less then twice the temperature ( μB≤2T). The fourth-order equation of state thus is suitable for the modeling of dense matter created in heavy ion collisions with center-of-mass energies down to sNN∼12 GeV. We provide a parametrization of basic thermodynamic quantities that can be readily used in hydrodynamic simulation codes. The results on up to sixth-order expansion coefficients of bulk thermodynamics are used for the calculation of lines of constant pressure, energy and entropy densities in the T−μB plane and are compared with the crossover line for the QCD chiral transition as well as with experimental results on freeze-out parameters in heavy ion collisions. These coefficients also provide estimates for the location of a possible critical point. We argue that results on sixth-order expansion coefficients disfavor the existence of a critical point in the QCD phase diagram for μB/T≤2 and T/Tc(μB=0)>0.9.
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英文
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Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Devices: Recent Progress and Future Prospects
作者：
Zuo, Wenhua;Li, Ruizhi;Zhou, Cheng;Li, Yuanyuan* ;Xia, Jianlong;...
期刊：
Advanced Science ,2017年4(7):1600539- ISSN：2198-3844
通讯作者：
Liu, Jinping;Li, Yuanyuan
作者机构：
[Xia, Jianlong; Liu, Jinping; Zuo, Wenhua] Wuhan Univ Technol, Sch Chem Chem Engn & Life Sci, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Xia, Jianlong; Liu, Jinping; Zuo, Wenhua] Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Cheng; Zuo, Wenhua; Li, Ruizhi] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Inst Nanosci & Nanotechnol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yuanyuan] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Opt & Elect Informat, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Jinping] W;[Li, Yuanyuan] H;Wuhan Univ Technol, Sch Chem Chem Engn & Life Sci, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Opt & Elect Informat, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.
关键词：
battery-supercapacitor hybrid;energy/power density;future prospects;multifunctional;recent progress
摘要：
Design and fabrication of electrochemical energy storage systems with both high energy and power densities as well as long cycling life is of great importance. As one of these systems, Battery-supercapacitor hybrid device (BSH) is typically constructed with a high-capacity battery-type electrode and a high-rate capacitive electrode, which has attracted enormous attention due to its potential applications in future electric vehicles, smart electric grids, and even miniaturized electronic/optoelectronic devices, etc. With proper design, BSH will provide unique advantages such as high performance, cheapness, safety, and environmental friendliness. This review first addresses the fundamental scientific principle, structure, and possible classification of BSHs, and then reviews the recent advances on various existing and emerging BSHs such as Li-/Na-ion BSHs, acidic/alkaline BSHs, BSH with redox electrolytes, and BSH with pseudocapacitive electrode, with the focus on materials and electrochemical performances. Furthermore, recent progresses in BSH devices with specific functionalities of flexibility and transparency, etc. will be highlighted. Finally, the future developing trends and directions as well as the challenges will also be discussed; especially, two conceptual BSHs with aqueous high voltage window and integrated 3D electrode/electrolyte architecture will be proposed. © 2017 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
语种：
英文
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Search for the QCD critical point with fluctuations of conserved quantities in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC: an overview
作者：
Luo, Xiaofeng* ;Xu, Nu
期刊：
核技术(英文版) ,2017年28(8):112-1-112-40 ISSN：1001-8042
通讯作者：
Luo, Xiaofeng
作者机构：
[Luo, Xiaofeng; Xu, Nu] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Xiaofeng; Xu, Nu] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys MOE, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Luo, Xiaofeng] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.;[Xu, Nu] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
通讯机构：
[Luo, Xiaofeng] C;[Luo, Xiaofeng] U;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys MOE, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
关键词：
QCD critical point;Fluctuations and correlations;Relativistic heavy-ion collisions;Conserved charges
摘要：
Fluctuations of conserved quantities, such as baryon, electric charge, and strangeness number, are sensitive observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions to probe the QCD phase transition and search for the QCD critical point. In this paper, we review the experimental measurements of the cumulants (up to fourth order) of event-byevent net-proton (proxy for net-baryon), net-charge and netkaon (proxy for net-strangeness) multiplicity distributions in Au+Au collisions at sNN~(1/2) = 7.7,11.5,14.5,19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, 200 GeV from the first phase of beam energy scan program at the relativistic heavy-ion collider (RHIC). We also summarize the data analysis methods of suppressing the volume fluctuations, auto-correlations, and the unified description of efficiency correction and error estimation. Based on theoretical and model calculations, we will discuss the characteristic signatures of critical point as well as backgrounds for the fluctuation observables in heavy-ion collisions. The physics implications and the future second phase of the beam energy scan (2019–2020) at RHIC will also be discussed.
语种：
英文
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