关键词：
Bladder cancer;Comparative study;Disability-adjusted life years;East Asia;Smoking
摘要：
BACKGROUNDS: The study aimed to estimate bladder cancer burden and its attributable risk factors in China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea and Mongolia from 1990 to 2019, to discuss the potential causes of the disparities. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were calculated by Joinpoint analysis, and the independent age, period and cohort effects were estimated by age-period-cohort analysis. RESULTS: In 2019, the highest incidence (7.70 per 100,000) and prevalence (51.09 per 100,000) rates of bladder cancer were in Japan, while the highest mortality (2.31 per 100,000) and DALY rates (41.88 per 100,000) were in South Korea and China, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence and prevalence rates increased in China, Japan and South Korea (AAPC > 0) and decreased in Mongolia (AAPC < 0), while mortality and DALY rates decreased in all five countries (AAPC < 0). Age effects showed increasing trends for incidence, mortality and DALY rates, while the prevalence rates increased first and then decreased in older groups. The cohort effects showed downward trends from 1914-1918 to 2004-2008. Smoking was the greatest contributor and males had the higher burden than females. CONCLUSION: Bladder cancer was still a major public health problem in East Asia. Male and older population suffered from higher risk, and smoking played an important role. It is recommended that more efficient preventions and interventions should be operated among high-risk populations, thereby reduce bladder cancer burden in East Asia.
期刊：
International Social Work,2024年 ISSN：0020-8728
通讯作者：
Ma, MZ
作者机构：
[Wang, Yean; Xie, Zixiang] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Govt, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Ma, Mingzi; Zheng, Guanghuai] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Sociol, 152 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Guanghuai] Nankai Univ, Sch Sociol, Tianjin, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Ma, MZ ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Sociol, 152 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Community social work;professional efficacy;role ambiguity;role conflict;work alienation
摘要：
International Social Work, Ahead of Print. <br/>Chinese community-service social workers face work alienation due to role stress. This study highlights the impact of government resources on a role stress–professional efficacy–work alienation research model. Paradoxically, state support may escalate role stress, thus hindering professional development and causing work alienation in this state-dominated profession.
作者机构：
[Zhou, XF; Zhou, Xiaofan] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Sociol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Wong, Hung] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Social Work, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, XF ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Sociol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Institutional care;Caregiver interaction;Perceived control;Meaning in life;Social worker
摘要：
Meaning in life is a widely accepted aim in promoting psychosocial health in institutional care. However, how caregiver interaction and perceived control impact meaning in life among the elderly remains unclear. This study explores the effect of institutional caregiver interaction, family caregiver interaction, and perceived control on meaning in life among elderly residents in China, and the potential moderating effect of elderly-to-social worker ratio in these associations. Multistage random sampling was used to recruit a sample of 452 elderly residents from 4 elderly care homes in urban China. A structural equation model was used to test the study hypothesis. Institutional caregiver interaction is positively related to meaning in life, and perceived control among elderly residents has a positive impact on meaning in life. Moreover, the elderly-to-social worker ratio moderated the relationship between institutional caregiver interaction and meaning in life, as well as between family caregiver interaction and meaning in life. Increase elderly’s meaning in life is an important service target for the caring professions in institutional care. Social workers affect the effectiveness of interventions on elderly’s meaning in life in institutional care. A higher elderly-to-social worker ratio could improve the effectiveness of interventions on meaning in life for elderly residents.
