摘要：
For the first time nanoporous Zn and Ni particles were synthesized in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) by a sonoelectrochemical method. The as-prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen sorption. It was found that these nanopores were produced by the aggregation and/or melting of primary nanoparticles of about 4–5 nm in size under ultrasound irradiation after electrochemical reduction of metal ions. The utilization of nonaqueous solvent prevented the oxidation of these active metal nanoparticles, while the presence of poly-(vinylpyrrolidone) could inhibit the growth of the nanoparticles. This study provides a general method to continuously prepare nanoporous active metal particles from inorganic metal salts with high yields.
摘要：
Solar cells based on dye-sensitized nanostructured metal oxides are promising for low-cost solar energy conversion and are intensively investigated nowadays. In this paper, the possibilities to use nanocrystalline ZnO electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells are investigated. ZnO films have been grown on fluorine-doped SnO<inf>2</inf> coated glass by cathodic electrodeposition from a simple aqueous zinc nitrate solution containing organic additives. Under optimal deposition conditions, nanoporous ZnO films with grain sizes between 20 and 40 nm are obtained. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope are used to characterize the films. Nanoporous ZnO electrodes, dye-sensitized with a ruthenium bipyridyl complex, are used as photoanodes in solar cells. The solar cell performance is studied and the cell exhibits a short circuit photocurrent, an open-circuit photovoltage and the photoelectron conversion efficiency of 1.379 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, 0.612 V and 1.47%, respectively.
摘要：
In this paper, large-scale, single-crystalline ZnO nanotube arrays were directly fabricated onto F-doped SnO2 (TCO) glass substrate via an electrochemical deposition method from an aqueous solution for the first time. The tubes had a preferential orientation along the [0001] direction and hexagon-shaped cross sections. The novel nanostructure could be easily fabricated without a prepared layer of seeds on the substrate. The surface condition of substrate material and the experimental conditions played a key role in the nanotube formation. A possible formation mechanism has been proposed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
期刊：
Journal of Solid State Chemistry,2007年180(6):1928-1933 ISSN：0022-4596
通讯作者：
Luo, Yongsong
作者机构：
[Luo, Yongsong] Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;Xin Yang Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Xinyang 464000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Luo, Yongsong] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Luminescence of the short multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) conjugated with carboxylic acid groups has been studied. The results show that the carboxyl-functionalized short MWNTs could emit luminescence and the emission peak appears at 500nm with a corresponding optimal excitation wavelength centering at 310nm. When the short MWNTs are filtered through 0.15 mu m polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane, the ultrashort MWNTs are obtained from the filtrate. An interesting feature for the ultrashort MWNTs is that the emission intensity is strengthened and the peak is slightly blue shifted to 460 nm. This result indicates that the luminescence properties of MWNTs are strongly affected by the tube length. After chemical oxidization cutting, defects and carboxylic acid groups at the tube end and/or sidewall can be produced; the more shorten of MWNTs, the better dispersion and carboxylic passivation of the nanotubes, and the more intense luminescence emissions. The broad emissions are logically attributed to the trapping of excitation energy by defect sites in the carboxyl-functionalized nanotube structure. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
摘要：
In this paper, we prepared TiO2@CdS core-shell nanorods films electrodes using a simple and low-cost chemical bath deposition method. The core-shell nanorods films electrodes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and UV-vis spectrometry techniques. After applying these TiO2@CdS core-shell nanorods electrodes in photovoltaic cells, we found that the photocurrent was dramatically enhanced, comparing with those of bare TiO2 nanorods and US films electrodes. Moreover, TiO2@CdS core-shell nanorods film electrode showed better cell performance than US nanoparticles deposited TiO2 nanoparticles (P25) film electrode. A photocurrent of 1.31 mA/cm(2), a fill factor of 0.43, an open circuit photovoltage of 0.44 V, and a conversion efficiency of 0.8% were obtained under an illumination of 32 mW/cm(2), when the US nanoparticles deposited on TiO2 nanorods film for about 20 min. The maximum quantum efficiency of 5.0% was obtained at an incident wavelength of 500 rim. We believe that TiO2@CdS core-shell heterostructured nanorods are excellent candidates for studying some fundamental aspects on charge separation and transfer in the fields of photovoltaic cells and photocatalysis. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Tang, Yiwen] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Nano Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ, Dept Phys, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;Wuhan Univ, Ctr Electron Microscopy, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Tang, Yiwen] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Nano Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Nanobelts of nickel hydroxyl sulfate have been prepared on a large scale via a simple template-free hydrothermal reaction on the basis of a complex [Ni(NH(3))(6)](2+) formed with Ni(2+) and ammonia in an ethanol-water solution. The as-synthesized nanobelts were single crystals, with several tens of microns in length and 50-150 nm in width. The nanobelts were enclosed by top surfaces (100) and side surfaces (001) and their growth direction was parallel to [010]. The function of aqueous ammonia and ethanol was discussed. Furthermore, nanostructures of a mixture of crystralline NiO and amorphous nickel sulfate with various morphologies, such as nanobelts, porous nanobelts, and nanoparticles, were obtained by the thermal treatment of the as-synthesized Ni(SO(4))(0.3)(OH)(1.4) nanobelts at different temperatures.
摘要：
In this paper, we prepared the nanocrystalline US films on the indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates using a doctor-blade technique. The source US powder was first prepared by a hydrothermal method and then ground into a screen-printing paste by adding ethyl cellulose as a binder and terpineol as a solvent. The CdS samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. A photocurrent of 3.51 mA/cm, a fill factor of 0.44, an open circuit photovoltage of 0.50 V, and a conversion efficiency of 2.2% were obtained under a simulated solar illumination of 35 mW/cm(2), when the CdS film was annealed at 380 degrees C in air for 30 min. The maximum quantum efficiency of 5.5% was obtained at an incident wavelength of 500 nm. Our method provides a general way to prepare electrodes of metal chalcogenide nanocrystalline films. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
