期刊：
Journal of Memory and Language,2012年66(3):438-457 ISSN：0749-596X
通讯作者：
Liu, Siyun
作者机构：
[Liu, Siyun; Zhang, Xujin] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Key Lab Human Dev & Mental Hlth Hubei Prov, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Siyun; Zhang, Xujin] Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Samuel, Arthur G.; Zhang, Xujin] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY USA.;[Samuel, Arthur G.] Basque Ctr Cognit Brain & Language, Donostia San Sebastian, Spain.;[Samuel, Arthur G.] Basque Fdn Sci, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao, Spain.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Siyun] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Key Lab Human Dev & Mental Hlth Hubei Prov, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Lexical representation of L2 contrast;Non-native language processing;Segmental vs. tonal perception;Sibling language
摘要：
Previous research has found that a speaker's native phonological system has a great influence on perception of another language. In three experiments, we tested the perception and representation of Mandarin phonological contrasts by Guangzhou Cantonese speakers, and compared their performance to that of native Mandarin speakers. Despite their rich experience using Mandarin Chinese, the Cantonese speakers had problems distinguishing specific Mandarin segmental and tonal contrasts that do not exist in Guangzhou Cantonese. However, we found evidence that the subtle differences between two members of a contrast were nonetheless represented in the lexicon. We also found different processing patterns for non-native segmental vs. non-native tonal contrasts. The results provide substantial new information about the representation and processing of segmental and prosodic information by individuals listening to a closely-related, very well-learned, but still non-native language. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Panum's limiting case generally refers to the phenomenon that two features presented to one eye and a single feature presented to the other are combined and then perceived as two features at different depths. It is still not clear why experimental results derived from the Panum-type configuration (all lines parallel) support a double fusion viewpoint, but they do not for the Wheatstone-type configuration (one line not parallel to the others). Some experimental results support the double fusion theory, while others do not, even under a small disparity. Here we report that, under a small disparity, when the vertical gradients of the horizontal disparity of dichoptic feature pairs in previous Wheatstone-type configurations were increased or decreased, the evidence which was considered to be very convincing in previous studies, either supporting or against the double fusion viewpoint, was challenged, and even turned to support the opposite view. Moreover, it was discovered that changes in the way features were arranged altered the results. Together, these results indicate that double fusion is the common basis for all kinds of Panum-type configurations. But for the Wheatstone-type configurations double fusion is also constrained by the vertical gradient of disparity of the configurations in addition to disparity and influenced by the degree of similarity/conflict between binocular cues and monocular cues resulting from different arrangements of features.
关键词：
land-use zoning;multi-objective optimization;particle swarm optimization;crossover and mutation;Yicheng
摘要：
Comprehensive land-use planning (CLUP) at the county level in China must include land-use zoning. This is specifically stipulated by the China Land Management Law and aims to achieve strict control on the usages of land. The land-use zoning problem is treated as a multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP) in this article, which is different from the traditional treatment. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) based model is applied to the problem and is developed to maximize the attribute differences between land-use zones, the spatial compactness, the degree of spatial harmony and the ecological benefits of the land-use zones. This is subject to some constraints such as: the quantity limitations for varying land-use zones, regulations assigning land units to a certain land-use zone, and the stipulation of a minimum parcel area in a land-use zoning map. In addition, a crossover and mutation operator from a genetic algorithm is adopted to avoid the prematurity of PSO. The results obtained for Yicheng, a county in central China, using different objective weighting schemes, are compared and suggest that: (1) the fundamental demand for attribute difference between land-use zones leads to a mass of fragmentary land-use zones; (2) the spatial pattern of land-use zones is remarkably optimized when a weight is given to the sub-objectives of spatial compactness and the degree of spatial harmony, simultaneously, with a reduction of attribute difference between land-use zones; (3) when a weight is given to the sub-objective of ecological benefits of the land-use zones, the ecological benefits get a slight increase also at the expense of a reduction in attribute difference between land-use zones; (4) the pursuit of spatial harmony or spatial compactness may have a negative effect on each other; (5) an increase in the ecological benefits may improve the spatial compactness and spatial harmony of the land-use zones; (6) adjusting the weights assigned to each sub-objective can generate a corresponding optimal solution, with a different quantity structure and spatial pattern to satisfy the preference of the different decision makers; (7) the model proposed in this paper is capable of handling the land-use zoning problem, and the crossover and mutation operator can improve the performance of the model, but, nevertheless, leads to increased time consumption.
摘要：
On the basis of the relative daily logarithmic returns of 88 different funds in the Chinese fund market (CFM) from June 2005 to October 2009, we construct the cross-correlation matrix of the CFM. It is shown that the logarithmic returns follow an exponential distribution, which is commonly shared by some emerging markets. We hereby analyze the statistical properties of the cross-correlation coefficients in different time periods, such as the distribution, the mean value, the standard deviation, the skewness and the kurtosis. By using the method of the scaled factorial moment, we observe the intermittence phenomenon in the distribution of the cross-correlation coefficients. Also by employing the random matrix theory (RMT), we find a few isolated large eigenvalues of the cross-correlation matrix, and the distribution of eigenvalues exhibits the power-law tails. Furthermore, we study the features of the correlation strength with a simple definition.
摘要：
Many studies support the proposition that early cosocialization with opposite-sex children has the effect of inhibiting later mutual sexual attraction, but the existence of a period in the life cycle in which individuals are sensitive to the effect of early cosocialization has been a matter of controversy. Drawing on earlier traditional psychological research, and on more recent work guided by parental investment theory, we hypothesized that only for maternal perinatal association (MPA)-absent males a less-than-around-three-years age difference with the sister can predict stronger aversion to sibling incest. The results corroborated the hypothesis. The results can be interpreted as support for the existence of a sensitive period as well as for the potent role of MPA. Cross-cultural comparative studies were called on to further test the hypothesis.
