作者机构：
[Wang Shufu; Wang, SF] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Humanities, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang Shufu] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Humanities, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
复调理论;巴别尔;话语层次;权利关系
摘要：
20世纪著名俄国犹太作家巴别尔的小说具有独特的艺术技巧和审美价值.从作者与叙述者和人物之间的复杂关系出发,巴别尔小说可以分为四种不同文化特质和精神内涵的话语层次,即革命主义话语层次、英雄主义话语层次、犹太主义话语层次和知识分子话语层次.它们之间彼此交织,相互影响:作为背景存在的革命主义话语中,交织着英雄主义话语的光芒,英雄主义话语中闪耀着犹太主义话语所缺乏的生命活力和阳刚气质,犹太主义话语中暗含着对英雄主义话语的隐蔽谴责和无声抗议,包蕴着对革命主义话语的质疑和不解,而革命主义和英雄主义话语则对抗和消解着犹太主义话语的僵化保守、封闭落后的因素.带有作者色彩的知识分子话语,对以上三种话语持明显的双重性:既拥护革命主义话语的现实激情和美好理想,又质疑其对民众的伤害和对文化的破坏;既羡慕英雄主义的阳刚精神和生命活力,又反对其带来的残忍和暴力;既认同犹太主义对文化知识的珍视和对传统习俗的承传,又拒绝其对周围世界的封闭和对人性的压抑.四种不同的话语权力纠缠不休,共同构成一幅复调性的小说画卷,形象反映出二三十年代俄国的社会历史、民族文化、精神特质.正是由于话语权利纠葛的复杂性和多样性,巴别尔的小说才得到多样解读和不同评价.The famous Russo-Jewish writer of the 20th century Isaac Babel is well known for his novels Red Cavalry and Odessa Stories, which have unique artistic skills and aesthetic value. There are four types of discourses in Babel' s novels : revolutionary, heroic, Jewish and intellectual discourses, which have different cultural characters and spiritual meanings. These discourses are interwoven with each other and exert mutual influence. On one hand, revolutionary discourse embeds heroic discourse, whoses vitality and masculinity Jewish discourse doesn' t have; on the other hand, Jewish discourse contains the criticism of heroic discourse and the suspicion of revolutionary discourse. Meanwhile revolutionary and heroic discourses challenge and dissolve the ossification and obturation of Jewish discourse. Intellectual discourse, which represents the author, treats three discourses with ambivalance: it supports revolutionary enthusiasm and idealism, but disapproves of its harm to people and culture; it admires the heroic vitality and masculinity, but opposes its cruelty and violence; it acknowledges Jewish cultural tradition, but refuses its obturation to the world and oppression of human nature. Four discourses badger each other, and form a polyphonic picture of social history, national culture and spiritual character. It is the complexity and multiplicity of discourses that render possible the multi-interpretations of Babel' s novels.
通讯机构：
[Luo, Xiao-bing] H;Huazhong Normal Univ, Sch Phys Educ & Sports, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
organizational commitment;P.E teachers in universities and colleges)
摘要：
This paper Investigated 280 P.E teachers in some universities from the provinces of Hubei, Hunan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, the purpose is to explore the organizational commitment of P.E teachers in General Universities and Colleges. Descriptive statistics on the recalled valid questionnaire indicate that the scales of P.E teachers' organizational commitment and its dimensions are higher than the mean, and the scales is middling-ascending, especially the scales of normative commitment; In order to explore influence to organizational commitment of the variables of demology, stepwise regression analyses indicate that the organizational commitment and its' dimensions of lecturer is lower than assistant and associate professor (upwards).
作者机构：
[Li, Wenhao; Wang, Dan; Wang, Jixin] Huazhong Normal Univ, Dept Informat Technol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
会议名称：
1st International Workshop on Education Technology and Computer Science
会议时间：
MAR 07-08, 2009
会议地点：
Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA
会议主办单位：
[Li, Wenhao;Wang, Dan;Wang, Jixin] Huazhong Normal Univ, Dept Informat Technol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
skill training;electronic commerce training platform;questionnaire design;demand analysis
摘要：
To determine the need for the simulated training of e-commerce activities prior to working in the real environment, we studied the views of the undergraduates from several aspects. Two hundred university students were asked what the real problem was when they learned in e-commerce courses. Next, they were surveyed to inquire what knowledge do they really need when they go to their work positions and what type of job do they expect to. Finally, they were asked whether using a simulated training platform would be beneficial. Through analysis the aspects which contained above we know that simulation should be incorporated into the education of e-commerce students as a tool to practice their hands-on abilities prior to working. And from the survey we also obtain some useful information and reference that may help us to design our electronic commerce training platform.
期刊：
2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE AND FINANCIAL ENGINEERING, PROCEEDINGS,2009年:333-337
作者机构：
[Zheng, Chengli; He, Ting] Huazhong Normal Univ, Sch Econ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
会议名称：
The Second International Conference on Business Intelligence and Financial Engineering(BIFE 2009)(第二届商务智能与金融工程国际会议)
会议时间：
2009-07-24
会议地点：
北京
会议论文集名称：
The Second International Conference on Business Intelligence and Financial Engineering(BIFE 2009)(第二届商务智能与金融工程国际会议)论文集
关键词：
longevity bonds;survival index;stochastic mortality;panel data
摘要：
In order to hedge the longevity risk, longevity bonds are designed, whose payoff structure depends on the changes in mortality. To forecast the mortality more precisely, we use a time-dynamic stochastic model by utilizing a panel data approach to forecast the mortality rates and get a survival index. Empirical study is conducted with the data in China. Then we apply these forecasting mortality rates to evaluate one kind of longevity bond. It turns out that it is reliable for the social security systems and the life insurance industry.
