作者机构：
Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity(TcSUH), University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China;Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
摘要：
Electrochemical water splitting driven by clean and sustainable energy sources to produce hydrogen is an efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion technology. Water splitting involves hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), in which OER is the limiting factor and has attracted extensive research interest in the past few years. Conventional noble-metal-based OER electrocatalysts like IrO2 and RuO2 suffer from the limitations of high cost and scarce availability. Developing innovative alternative nonnoble metal electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity and long-term durability to boost the OER process remains a significant challenge. Among all of the candidates for OER catalysis, self-supported layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have emerged as one of the most promising types of electrocatalysts due to their unique layered structures and high electrocatalytic activity. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on self-supported LDHs and highlight their electrochemical catalytic performance. Specifically, synthesis methods, structural and compositional parameters, and influential factors for optimizing OER performance are discussed in detail. Finally, the remaining challenges facing the development of self-supported LDHs are discussed and perspectives on their potential for use in industrial hydrogen production through water splitting are provided to suggest future research directions.
作者：
Aaij, R.;Beteta, C. Abellan;Ackernley, T.;Adeva, B.;Adinolfi, M.;...
期刊：
中国物理C,2020年44(2):022001 ISSN：1674-1137
通讯作者：
Qin, J.
作者机构：
[Ketel, T.; Tuning, N.; Hynds, D.; Perez, D. H. Campora; Usachov, A.; Hart, R.; Kuindersma, H. S.; de Vries, J. A.; Heijhoff, K.; Veronesi, M.; Aaij, R.; Snoch, A.; Greim, R.; van Beuzekom, M.; Martinez, M. Lucio; Kostiuk, I; Jans, E.; Bel, L. J.; Esen, S.; Pellegrino, A.; Vitkovskiy, A.; Merk, M.; Onderwater, C. J. G.; van Veghel, M.; Butter, J. S.; Koppenburg, P.; Akiba, K. Carvalho; Gras, C. Sanchez; Raven, G.; Sole, S. Ferreres; Sierra, C. Vazquez; Govorkova, E.; Schubiger, M.; Benson, S.; Hulsbergen, W.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands.;[Massafferri, A.; Cruz Torres, M.; De Miranda, J. M.; Gomes, A.; Torres Machado, D.; dos Reis, A. C.; Bediaga, I] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Lopes, J. H.; Polycarpo, E.; Souza De Paula, B.; Gandelman, M.; Gobel, C.; Rangel, M. S.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.; Hicheur, A.; Nasteva, I; Sellam, S.; Otalora Goicochea, J. M.; Silva de Oliveira, L.; De Paula, L.; Amato, S.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.;[Yang, Z.; Cai, H.; Jiang, F.; Fan, J.; Liu, G.; Ren, Z.; Xu, L.; Tang, Z.; Li, H.; Wang, J.; Wang, M.; Zhang, W. C.; Gu, C.; Sun, J.; Xing, H.; Chen, C.; Zhu, X.; Sun, L.; Luo, Y.; Mu, H.; Zeng, M.; Zhang, L.; Gan, Y.; Liu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Gao, Y.; Zhang, S.; Xu, A.; Xu, Z.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Sch Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Qin, J.] U;Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
作者机构：
[Shi, Shuzhe; Liao, Jinfeng] Indiana Univ, Phys Dept, 2401 N Milo B Sampson Lane, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.;[Shi, Shuzhe; Liao, Jinfeng] Indiana Univ, Ctr Explorat Energy & Matter, 2401 N Milo B Sampson Lane, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.;[Gyulassy, Miklos] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.;[Gyulassy, Miklos] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, Pupin Lab, MS-5202, New York, NY 10027 USA.;[Gyulassy, Miklos] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Shi, Shuzhe] I;Indiana Univ, Phys Dept, 2401 N Milo B Sampson Lane, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.;Indiana Univ, Ctr Explorat Energy & Matter, 2401 N Milo B Sampson Lane, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
摘要：
We report results of a comprehensive global chi 2 analysis of nuclear collision data from RHIC (0.2 ATeV), LHC1 (2.76 ATeV), and recent LHC2 (5.02 ATeV) energies using the updated CUJET framework. The framework consistently combines viscous hydrodynamic fields predicted by VISHNU2+1 (validated with soft P-T < 2 GeV bulk observables) and the DGLV theory of jet elastic and inelastic energy loss generalized to QGP fluids with an sQGMP color structure, including effective semi-QGP color electric quark and gluon as well as emergent color magnetic monopole degrees of freedom constrained by lattice QCD data. We vary the two control parameters of the model (the maximum value of the running QCD coupling, alpha(c), and the ratio c(m) of color magnetic to electric screening scales) and calculate the global chi 2 (alpha(c), c(m)) compared with available jet fragment observables (R-AA, v(2)). A global chi 2 < 2 minimum is found with alpha(c) approximate to 0.9 +/- 0.1 and c(m) 0.25 +/- 0.03. Using CIBJET, the event-by-event (ebe) generalization of the CUJET framework, we show that ebe fluctuations in the initial conditions do not significantly alter our conclusions (except for V-3). An important theoretical advantage of the CUJET and CIBJET frameworks is not only its global chi 2 consistency with jet fragment observables at RHIC and LHC and with non-perturbative lattice QCD data, but also its internal consistency of the constrained jet transport coefficient, (q) over cap (E, T)/T-3, with the near-perfect fluid viscosity to entropy ratio (eta/s similar to T-3/ (q) over cap similar to 0.1- 0.2) property of QCD fluids near T-c needed to account for the low P-T < 2 GeV flow observables. Predictions for future tests at LHC with 5.44 ATeV Xe + Xe and 5.02 ATeV Pb + Pb are also presented.
作者机构：
[Yu, Yun-Wei] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Astrophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yu, Yun-Wei] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Astrophys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
gamma ray bursts: general;gravitational waves
摘要：
During the in-spiral stage of a compact binary, a wind bubble could be blown into the interstellar meditun, if electromagnetic radiation due to the binary orbital motion is strong enough. Therefore, short-duration gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) due to double neutron star mergers would in principle happen in a wind bubble environment, which can influence the propagation of the SGRB jet and consequent afterglow emission. By calculating the dynamics and synchrotron radiation of the jet-driven external shock, we reveal that an abrupt jump could appear in the afterglow light curves of SGRBs and the observational time of the jump is dependent on the viewing angle. This light curve jump provides an observational signature to constrain the radius of the wind bubble and thus the power of the electromagnetic radiation of the binary, by combining with gravitational wave detection.
摘要：
The nervous system is made of a large number of neurons. Time-varying balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurons is important to activate appropriate modes of electrical activity. A realistic biological neuron is complex, often presenting various electrophysiological activities and diffusive propagation of ions in the cell. Therefore, the physical effects of electromagnetic induction become very important and should be considered when estimating signal encoding and mode selection. Synaptic plasticity and anatomical structure have been developed to enhance the self-adaption of neurons. Thus, the electrical mode with the most effective links and weights can be selected to benefit information encoding and signal propagation between neurons in the network. As a result, the demand for metabolic energy can be greatly reduced. In this review, neuron model setting with biophysical effects, modulation of astrocytes, autapse formation and biological function, synaptic plasticity, memristive synapses, and field coupling between neurons and networks are reviewed briefly to provide guidance in the field of neurodynamics.
通讯机构：
[Tang, Yiwen] C;[Yuan, N; Li, MY] W;Wuhan Univ, Sch Phys & Technol, Key Lab Artificial Micro Nano Struct, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Phys Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Au nanoparticles;Dye-sensitized solar cells;Gradient-ascent architecture scattering;Localized surface plasmon resonance;SiO2@[email protected]2 microspheres
摘要：
Highly homogeneous, well dispersed SiO2@Au@TiO2(SAT) microspheres decorated with Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared and incorporated into the photoanode with an optimized concentration gradient-ascent. The effects of SAT microspheres and the gradient-ascent architecture on the light absorption and the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were investigated. Studies indicate that the introduction of SAT microspheres and the gradient-ascent architecture in the photoanode significantly enhance the light scattering and harvesting capability of the photoanode. The DSSC with the optimized SAT gradient-ascent photoanode has the maximum short circuit current density (J(sc)) of 17.7 mA cm(-2) and PCE of 7.75%, remarkably higher than those of the conventional DSSC by 23.7% and 28.0%, respectively. This significantly enhancement of the performance of the DSSC can be attributed to the excellent light reflection/scattering of SAT, the localized surface plasma resonance (LSPR) effect of AuNPs within the microspheres, and the gradient-ascent architecture of SAT microspheres inside the photoanode. This study demonstrates that the tri-synergies of the scattering of SAT microspheres, the LSPR of AuNPs and the gradient-ascent architecture can effectively improve the PCE of DSSC. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.
