摘要：
Modern accumulations of genetic data offer unprecedented opportunities for understanding the systematic classification and origins of specific groups of organisms. The genus Sinocyclocheilus is among the most cave abundant genera in Cyprinidae, with 76 recognized species, belonging to 4 species groups. Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that the classification of species groups within the genus Sinocyclocheilus remains controversial. In this study, we constructed a sequence supermatrix of 26 species from 4 species groups of the genus Sinocyclocheilus using the mitochondrial genome to reveal phylogenetic relationships, historical biogeography and patterns of species diversification in the genus Sinocyclocheilus. Phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the monophyletic groups of the 3 species groups (S. jii, S. cyphotergous, and S. tingi groups) except the S. angularis group. Phylogenetic analysis showed that S. anshuiensis and S. microphthalmus, which were recognized as numbers of S. angularis group, formed a strongly supported independent clade. Therefore, we propose a new species group, the S. microphthalmus group, which contains S. anshuiensis and S. microphthalmus. Biogeographic reconstruction suggests that the living Sinocyclocheilus may have originated in north-central Guangxi at the late Eocene and dispersed outward after a vicariance at 32.31 Million years ago (Ma). Early diversification is focused on the late Oligocene (ca. 25 Ma), which is related to the second uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the lateral extrusion of the Indochina at the Oligocene/Miocene boundary. Our results suggest that 2 uplifts of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and climate change in the Miocene may have influenced the diversification of the Sinocyclocheilus lineage.
期刊：
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,2022年23(17):9887- ISSN：1422-0067
通讯作者：
Gengqing Huang
作者机构：
[Wang, Xinting; Wang, Xiaoqian; Huang, Gengqing; Tao, Miao; Huang, Xiaoyu] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Abuduwaili, Nigara; Huang, Gengqing] Xinjiang Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Xinjiang Key Lab Special Species Conservat & Regu, Urumqi 830054, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gengqing Huang] X;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumuqi 830054, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China<&wdkj&>Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
摘要：
N6-methyladenosine (m(6)A) is one of the most abundant internal modifications of mRNA, which plays important roles in gene expression regulation, and plant growth and development. Vir-like m(6)A methyltransferase associated (VIRMA) serves as a scaffold for bridging the catalytic core components of the m(6)A methyltransferase complex. The role of VIRMA in regulating leaf development and its related mechanisms have not been reported. Here, we identified and characterized two upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) VIRMA genes, named as GhVIR-A and GhVIR-D, which share 98.5% identity with each other. GhVIR-A and GhVIR-D were ubiquitously expressed in different tissues and relatively higher expressed in leaves and main stem apexes (MSA). Knocking down the expression of GhVIR genes by the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) system influences leaf cell size, cell shape, and total cell numbers, thereby determining cotton leaf morphogenesis. The dot-blot assay and colorimetric experiment showed the ratio of m(6)A to A in mRNA is lower in leaves of GhVIR-VIGS plants compared with control plants. Messenger RNA (mRNA) high-throughput sequencing (RNA-seq) and a qRT-PCR experiment showed that GhVIRs regulate leaf development through influencing expression of some transcription factor genes, tubulin genes, and chloroplast genes including photosystem, carbon fixation, and ribosome assembly. Chloroplast structure, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic efficiency were changed and unsuitable for leaf growth and development in GhVIR-VIGS plants compared with control plants. Taken together, our results demonstrate GhVIRs function in cotton leaf development by chloroplast dependent and independent pathways.
作者机构：
[Liu, Ming; Li, Hongjun; Wan, Xinru; Zhang, Zhibin; Li, Guoliang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, State Key Lab Integrated Management Pest Insects, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Ming; Zhang, Zhibin] Int Soc Zool Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Ming; Wang, Yan-Ling] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, State Key Lab Stem Cell & Reprod Biol, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Bing; Du, Zhenglin; Yu, Caixia] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Inst Genom, Beijing, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Bing; Du, Zhenglin; Yu, Caixia] China Natl Ctr Bioinformat, Beijing, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Bing Zhang] B;[Zhibin Zhang] S;Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China<&wdkj&>International Society of Zoological Sciences, Beijing, China<&wdkj&>CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
摘要：
The laboratory mouse was domesticated from the wild house mouse. Understanding the genetics underlying domestication in laboratory mice, especially in the widely used classical inbred mice, is vital for studies using mouse models. However, the genetic mechanism of laboratory mouse domestication remains unknown due to lack of adequate genomic sequences of wild mice. We analyze the genetic relationships by whole-genome resequencing of 36 wild mice and 36 inbred strains. All classical inbred mice cluster together distinctly from wild and wild-derived inbred mice. Using nucleotide diversity analysis, Fst, and XP-CLR, we identify 339 positively selected genes that are closely associated with nervous system function. Approximately one third of these positively selected genes are highly expressed in brain tissues, and genetic mouse models of 125 genes in the positively selected genes exhibit abnormal behavioral or nervous system phenotypes. These positively selected genes show a higher ratio of differential expression between wild and classical inbred mice compared with all genes, especially in the hippocampus and frontal lobe. Using a mutant mouse model, we find that the SNP rs27900929 (T>C) in gene Astn2 significantly reduces the tameness of mice and modifies the ratio of the two Astn2 (a/b) isoforms. Our study indicates that classical inbred mice experienced high selection pressure during domestication under laboratory conditions. The analysis shows the positively selected genes are closely associated with behavior and the nervous system in mice. Tameness may be related to the Astn2 mutation and regulated by the ratio of the two Astn2 (a/b) isoforms.
期刊：
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH,2022年21(4):1052-1060 ISSN：1535-3893
通讯作者：
Wan, CH
作者机构：
[Wan, Cuihong; Wan, CH; Zhang, Zheng; Li, Bing] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Wan, Cuihong; Wan, CH; Zhang, Zheng; Li, Bing] Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wan, CH ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
作者机构：
[Wang, Dong; Huang, Xiaomei; Xu, Xiaodong] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Dong] Shaanxi Univ Technol, Bioresources Key Lab Shaanxi Prov, Hanzhong 723001, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
关键词：
chloroplast genome;Corydalis temulifolia Franch.;rearrangement;phylogenetic inference;systematic position
摘要：
Corydalis temulifolia has been considered to be one of the primitive species of Corydalis; however, some recent works based on DNA markers revealed instead that Corydalis adunca rather C. temulifolia is in the basal Glade within the Corydalis lineage. Both views are in conflict over concerns of species representing the primitive member of Corydalis. In this study, the chloroplast genome of C. temulifolia has been sequenced and compared with previously published chloroplast genome of C. adunca. With the sequences obtained, genomic phylogenetic analyses have been carried out. Although sharing the quadripartite structure of C. adunca, the complete chloroplast genome of C. temulifolia has particular features with respect to its genome size, gene order, gene content, and nucleotide substitution rates. For instance, we found the complete chloroplast genome of C. temulifolia has SSC region of 341 bp, which is markedly different in size than that of C. adunca (9,531 bp). C. temulifolia was determined as a species with large-scale rearrangements, consisting of the relocation of segment (similar to 5 kb, trnV-UAC-rbcL) in the LSC region, the inversion of segment (similar to 14 kb, ndhB-trnR-ACG) in the IR region and a large size (>10 kb) of IR expansion in IRs/SSC junction. Significantly, of the four large-scale rearrangements the relocation of the segment (trnV-UAC-rbcL) was absent from C. adunca but other two rearrangements were shared by C. adunca. In the latter, the segment (trnV-UAC-rbcL) resided in the conserved location and has not occurred rearrangement, suggesting that C. adunca was most likely represent a relatively early divergence species in Corydalis that compared to C. temulifolia. Further, we noticed that there was no change to the gene order of rps16 and rrn16 in C. temulifolia relative to C. adunca, and unlike C. adunca that seven out of ndh genes reside as pseudogenes, 11 ndh genes are all present in C. temulifolia. In addition, C. temulifolia has not only more dispersed repeats but slightly more tandem repeats and simple sequence repeats than C. adunca. The selection pressure estimation of protein-coding genes (psal and rps7) in C. temulifolia were under positive selection, and it is different from four genes (psaI, rpl23, rpl36 and rps7) in C. adunca. Phylogenetic analysis based on the plastid genome revealed C. adunca to be the basal Glade within the Corydalis lineage in the present sampling, suggesting that C. temulifolia is most likely not representative of the primitive members of Corydalis. This might indicate that the importance of morphological characters such as stigma may be in part misinterpreted, when being used to make inference about the evolutionary status of the Corydalis species. The results emphasise the need to consider both morphological and molecular evidence when determining not only the systematic position of species but also character evolution.
作者机构：
[Huang, Shuang-Quan; Jia, Li-Bing] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Evolut & Ecol, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Shuang-Quan Huang] I;Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
关键词：
among- and within-species variation in nectar production;Dendrobium;nectar properties;nectar secretion transition;nectar-rewarding
摘要：
Although an estimate of the deceptive pollination systems with nectarless flowers has been usually cited as one‐third of the nearly 30 000 species in Orchidaceae, the quantitative measurements of nectar production in orchid flowers remain scarce. The genus Dendrobium is species‐rich, economic and horticultural importance, a group of epiphytic orchids in tropics characteristic of nectar spur. Previous studies in southeastern Asia showed these Dendrobium species generally involving deceptive pollination, with an assumption these species are nectarless. Here we investigated nectar production and property in 34 Dendrobium species over two years. Reconstruction of phylogenetic relationship indicated that transition of nectar secretion occurred in the genus and nectar production was positively correlated with flower size. Given that 21 species produced sucrose‐dominant nectar, typical of bee‐pollinated flowers, an estimate of deceptive pollination systems awaits further survey of nectar or floral reward in diverse genera. Abstract Nectar, the most common floral reward, is generally used to determine whether an orchid species involves deceptive pollination. Estimates of the deceptive pollination systems with nectarless flowers have ranged from one quarter to one third of the nearly 30 000 species of orchids. These estimates, however, are biased towards temperate‐zone, usually terrestrial, orchids. Here we investigated nectar production and property in 34 epiphytic orchid species of the Southeast Asian genus Dendrobium. Twenty‐one species were observed producing nectar. The amount and sugar concentration (in bagged flowers) of 12 species varied from 0.45 to 2.78 μL and from 8.1% to 31.1%. The nectar was sucrose‐dominant, typical of bee‐pollinated flowers. Reconstruction of phylogenetic relationship indicated that transition of nectar secretion occurred in the genus. Spur length was positively correlated with flower size but species with relatively long spurs tended to produce small volume of nectar. Nectar production was strikingly variable among and within individuals in some species, suggesting that a vital measurement of bagged and fresh flowers is needed. Given that the quantitative measurement of nectar or floral reward in orchid species remains scarce, an estimate of deceptive pollination systems awaits further survey in diverse genera.
作者机构：
[Wan, Cuihong; Chen, Shenglan; Yang, Lin; Xu, Chen; Wang, Bing; Wang, Yaxuan; Yi, Lanxing] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Wan, Cuihong; Chen, Shenglan; Yang, Lin; Xu, Chen; Wang, Bing; Wang, Yaxuan; Yi, Lanxing] Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Hu, Lucas Zhongming; Emili, Andrew] Univ Toronto, Donnelly Ctr Cellular & Biomol Res, Toronto, ON M5S 2E8, Canada.;[Emili, Andrew] Boston Univ, Dept Biochem, Boston, MA 02215 USA.;[Emili, Andrew] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, 5 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
通讯机构：
[Wan, Cuihong] S;School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China. Electronic address:
摘要：
Microplastics (MPs) may have an impact on the reproductive development of humans and mammals. However, any effects of MPs exposure on male and female reproductive systems and fertility are still ambiguous. In this study, male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to saline or 0.1 mg/d polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) for 30 days or 44 days to determine the effects of MPs on reproductive systems, following which some of the mice were caged for 10 days to mate to test fertility. Another group of mice were given fluorescent PS-MPs to determine the accumulation of MPs. The results show that PS-MPs exposure resulted in more significant accumulation and oxidative stress in the ovary than in the testis. In male mice, the number of viable epididymis sperm and spermatogenic cells in the testes after PS-MPs exposure was significantly reduced, and the rate of sperm deformity increased. In female mice, PS-MPs exposure induced a decrease in ovary size and number of follicles. After exposure to PS-MPs, the levels of Follicle stimulating hormone, Luteinizing hormone and testosterone were reduced, and the estradiol levels increased in the serum of male mice, while the changes in these hormone levels of female mice was the opposite. The mice exposed to PS-MPs had a reduced pregnancy rate and produced fewer embryos. These findings suggest that exposure to PS-MPs damaged the testes and ovaries, induced oxidative stress, altered the serum hormone levels, and induced changes in reproduction and fertility. Female mice appear to be more susceptible to MPs in reproduction and fertility than male mice.
期刊：
Food and Chemical Toxicology,2022年162:112904 ISSN：0278-6915
通讯作者：
Chen, Mingqing
作者机构：
[Xie, Jing; Chen, Mingqing; Han, Qi; Wei, Zhaolan; Wang, Yunyi; Wang, Shuwei] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Chen, Mingqing] H;Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China. Electronic address:
关键词：
Acetylcholine;Learning and memory;Microplastics;Neurotoxicity;Oxidative stress;Polystyrene microplastic
