作者机构：
Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;[Shuang-Quan Huang; Ze-Yu Tong] Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China;[Ling-Yun Wu] Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China<&wdkj&>Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
通讯机构：
[Shuang-Quan Huang; Ze-Yu Tong] I;Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
摘要：
Reproductive strategies of sexually dimorphic plants vary in response to the environment. Here, we ask whether the sexual systems of Fagopyrum species (i.e., selfing homostylous and out-crossing distylous) represent distinct adaptive strategies to increase reproductive success in changing alpine environments. To answer this question, we determined how spatial and temporal factors (e.g., elevation and peak flowering time) affect reproductive success (i.e., stigmatic pollen load) in nine wild Fagopyrum species (seven distylous and two homostylous) among 28 populations along an elevation gradient of 1299–3315 m in the Hengduan Mountains, southwestern China. We also observed pollinators and conducted hundreds of hand pollinations to investigate inter/intra-morph compatibility, self-compatibility and pollen limitation in four Fagopyrum species (two distylous and two homostylous). We found that Fagopyrum species at higher elevation generally had bigger flowers and more stigmatic pollen loads; late-flowering individuals had smaller flowers and lower pollen deposition. Stigmatic pollen deposition was more variable in distylous species than in homostylous species. Although seed set was not pollen-limited in all species, we found that fruit set was much lower in distylous species, which rely on frequent pollinator visits, than in homostylous species capable of autonomous self-pollination. Our findings that pollination success increases at high elevations and decreases during the flowering season suggest that distylous and homostylous species have spatially and temporally distinct reproductive strategies related to environment-dependent pollinator activity.
作者机构：
[Fang, Yiwei; Peng, Meilin; Zhao, Kai; Liu, Chunyan] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Reprod Hlth, Tongji Med Coll, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Zheng; Yi, Guilin] Wuhan Prevent & Treatment Ctr Occupat Dis, Wuhan 430015, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Zheng] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Yun; Sun, Guoqiang; Yang, Hui] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Maternal & Child Hlth Hosp Hubei Prov, Tongji Med Coll, Dept Obstet, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Kai] Henan Inst Reprod Hlth Sci & Technol, NHC Key Lab Birth Defects Prevent, Zhengzhou 450000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Guilin Yi] W;[Kai Zhao] I;[Hui Yang] D;Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, China<&wdkj&>Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China<&wdkj&>NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Institute of Reproduction Health Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, 450000, China<&wdkj&>Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, 430015, China
期刊：
Food and Chemical Toxicology,2023年173:113642 ISSN：0278-6915
通讯作者：
Mingqing Chen
作者机构：
[Xu, Ke; Chen, Mingqing; Han, Qi; Wang, Xuan; Gao, Xiao; Wei, Zhaolan; Wang, Yunyi; Wang, Shuwei] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Mingqing Chen] H;Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
期刊：
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal,2023年21:168-175 ISSN：2001-0370
通讯作者：
Xiongfeng Dai<&wdkj&>Manlu Zhu
作者机构：
[Han, Fei; Dai, Xiongfeng; Wang, Yanling; Zhu, Manlu; Wang, Qian; Mu, Haoyan] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xiongfeng Dai; Manlu Zhu] H;Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China<&wdkj&>Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
关键词：
(p)ppGpp;Growth control;Resource allocation;Bacteria;Plant and green algaes
摘要：
Rapid growth and survival are two key traits that enable bacterial cells to thrive in their natural habitat. The guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate [(p)ppGpp], also known as "magic spot", is a key sec-ond messenger inside bacterial cells as well as chloroplasts of plants and green algae. (p)ppGpp not only controls various stages of central dogma processes (replication, transcription, ribosome maturation and translation) and central metabolism but also regulates various physiological processes such as pathogen-esis, persistence, motility and competence. Under extreme conditions such as nutrient starvation, (p) ppGpp-mediated stringent response is crucial for the survival of bacterial cells. This mini-review high-lights some of the very recent progress on the key role of (p)ppGpp in bacterial growth control in light of cellular resource allocation and cell size regulation. We also briefly discuss some recent functional insights into the role of (p)ppGpp in plants and green algae from the angle of growth and development and further discuss several important open directions for future studies.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creative-commons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
摘要：
Understanding trophic niche differentiation is critical for exploring interspecific competition and stable coexistence among morphologically similar sympatric species. Bats are an ideal model for studying trophic niche differentiation among species because of their high taxonomic and ecological diversities, as well as their special life history traits. Although many factors can affect bat trophic niches, few studies have combined multiple factors to investigate the influences on bat trophic niches. In this study, we analyzed the summer diet and potential influencing factors of five sympatric rhinolophid bats in southwestern China: Rhinolophus macrotis, Rhinolophus osgoodi, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus affinis, and Rhinolophus pusillus. All five species mainly fed on Lepidopteran and Dipteran insects, with a large trophic niche breadth for each species and a low degree of dietary overlap. With the exception of R. affinis and R. pusillus, significant differences in diet composition were detected among species, which indicated relatively low interspecific competition. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that both echolocation calls and body size significantly affected interspecific diet differentiation, while wing morphology and bite force had relatively weak effects. This study suggests that the combined effects of multiple factors may drive trophic niche differentiation among five rhinolophid bat species in the study area.
通讯作者：
Hong Yang<&wdkj&>Hong Yang Hong Yang Hong Yang
作者机构：
[Yang, Hong; Li, Xin-Yu; Mei, Cheng; Wulamu, Dilinuer] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Entomol, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Zhan, Shuai; Luo, Xing-Yu; Huang, Yong-Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, CAS Ctr Excellence Mol Plant Sci, CAS Key Lab Insect Dev & Evolutionary Biol, Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol,Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Hong Yang; Hong Yang Hong Yang Hong Yang] H;Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Institute of Entomology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
关键词：
bacterial isolates;germ-free BSF larvae;growth and development;Hermetia illucens;promotive effects
摘要：
Graphical Abstract Analysis of the intestinal bacterial community composition of Hermetia illucens (black soldier fly, BSF) larvae (BSFL) with pyrosequencing showed that the dynamics of bacterial community composition among different larval instars were striking at the genus level. Klebsiella, Clostridium, Providencia, Dysgonomonas, Dysgonomonas, and Providencia were the relatively most abundant bacterial groups in the 1st‐ to 6th‐instar BSFL, respectively. Providencia, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Ochrobactrum, and Dysgonomonas promoted the growth and development of BSF significantly compared with the germ‐free control by increasing the weight gain of larvae and pupae, as well as the prepupae rate and eclosion rate. In addition, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, and Providencia could shorten the life cycle of BSF significantly. Abstract Black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), is a prominent insect for the bioconversion of various organic wastes. As a saprotrophic insect, the BSF inhabits microbe‐rich environments. However, the influences of the intestinal microorganisms on BSF growth and development are not very clear. In this study, the dynamics of the intestinal bacterial community of BSF larvae (BSFL) were analyzed using pyrosequencing. Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were the most prevalent bacterial phyla in the intestines of all larval instars. The dynamic changes in bacterial community compositions among different larval instars were striking at the genus level. Klebsiella, Clostridium, Providencia, and Dysgonomonas were the relatively most abundant bacteria in the 1st‐ to 4th‐instar BSFL, respectively. Dysgonomonas and Providencia also dominated the 5th‐ and 6th‐instar larvae, at ratios of 31.1% and 47.2%, respectively. In total, 148 bacterial strains affiliated with 20 genera were isolated on different media under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Among them, 6 bacteria, BSF1–BSF6, were selected for further study. The inoculation of the 6 isolates independently into germ‐free BSFL feeding on an artificial diet showed that all the bacteria, except BSF4, significantly promoted BSF growth and development compared with the germ‐free control. Citrobacter, Dysgonomonas, Klebsiella, Ochrobactrum, and Providencia promoted BSF development significantly by increasing the weight gains of larvae and pupae, as well as increasing the prepupae and eclosion rates. In addition, Citrobacter, Klebsiella and Providencia shortened the BSF life cycle significantly. The results illustrate the promotive effects of intestinal bacteria on BSF growth and development.
摘要：
Time delay and coupling strength are important factors that affect the synchronization of neural networks. In this study, a modular neural network containing subnetworks of different scales was constructed using the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neural model; i.e., a small-scale random network was unidirectionally connected to a large-scale small-world network through chemical synapses. Time delays were found to induce multiple synchronization transitions in the network. An increase in coupling strength also promoted synchronization of the network when the time delay was an integer multiple of the firing period of a single neuron. Considering that time delays at different locations in a modular network may have different effects, we explored the influence of time delays within each subnetwork and between two subnetworks on the synchronization of modular networks. We found that when the subnetworks were well synchronized internally, an increase in the time delay within both subnetworks induced multiple synchronization transitions of their own. In addition, the synchronization state of the small-scale network affected the synchronization of the large-scale network. It was surprising to find that an increase in the time delay between the two subnetworks caused the synchronization factor of the modular network to vary periodically, but it had essentially no effect on the synchronization within the receiving subnetwork. By analyzing the phase difference between the two subnetworks, we found that the mechanism of the periodic variation of the synchronization factor of the modular network was the periodic variation of the phase difference. Finally, the generality of the results was demonstrated by investigating modular networks at different scales.
通讯作者：
Chuan YAN<&wdkj&>Chuan YAN Chuan YAN Chuan YAN
作者机构：
College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of Biodiversity, Yunnan University, Kunming, China;[Hongmao ZHANG; Hongmao ZHANG Hongmao ZHANG Hongmao ZHANG] Institute of Evolution and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China;[Rui LIU; Yongjun ZHANG; Chuan YAN; Rui LIU Rui LIU Rui LIU; Yongjun ZHANG Yongjun ZHANG Yongjun ZHANG; Chuan YAN Chuan YAN Chuan YAN] State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;[Lin CAO; Lin CAO Lin CAO Lin CAO] College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China<&wdkj&>Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of Biodiversity, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
通讯机构：
[Chuan YAN; Chuan YAN Chuan YAN Chuan YAN] S;State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
关键词：
density dependence;mast;resource pulse;rodent;seed
摘要：
Our study provides a global pattern of the associations between seed falls and rodent population dynamics in forests, and density dependence contributed much more to rodent dynamics than seed falls. Abstract One classic system of pulsed resource and animal population is mast seeding and population dynamics of seed‐eating rodents in forests. However, we still lack an understanding of the global patterns regarding the contributions of seed falls to rodent outbreaks or population dynamics. We analyzed a global dataset of coupled long‐term time series of seed abundances and rodent populations from published literature, including 66 and 89 time series (156 rodent–seed pairs from 37 studies) for rodent and seed abundances, respectively. We found only half of the examined rodent populations showed statistically significant coincidence between rodent outbreak and mast‐seeding years. Over all the coupled time series, seed abundance was found to positively correlate with rodent abundance with a one‐year lag, and the relative importance of seed abundance was much lower than that of density dependence in affecting rodent population growth rates. We also found the relative importance of seed abundance decreased, but that of rodent density dependence increased with the latitude of study. For the first time, our work provides a global pattern on the associations between seed falls and rodent population dynamics mostly in mid‐ and high‐latitude forests, and highlights the necessity of more long‐term studies on this subject in more forest ecosystems.
通讯机构：
[Xinmin Lu] S;State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China<&wdkj&>Institute of Invasion Biology and Agriculture Ecological Safety, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China<&wdkj&>College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China
摘要：
Soil biota, as legacy effects of previous species in natural ecosystems, profoundly affects plant performance in new habitats and, in turn, plant community. However, how soil biota, as legacy effects of agricultural crops, affects the likelihood of establishment of exotic and native plants in newly abandoned farmland remains poorly understood, which may hinder effective management of agricultural weeds. Here, we grew 58 plant species (28 exotic species and 30 native species) common in Central China in sterilized vs. nonsterilized soils collected from a newly abandoned maize field. We (i) estimated the effects of soil biota on plant shoot, root and total mass, (ii) explored the dependence of soil effects on the plants' phylogenetic distance to maize, origin (native vs. exotic) and life history (annual vs. perennial) and (iii) tested which plant traits could predict soil effects. Soil biota, in general, decreased plant mass, suggesting a dominant role of enemies. The effect of the soil biota on plant total mass was unrelated to the phylogenetic distance of the plants to maize and decreased linearly with increasing plant intrinsic growth ability. Moreover, the soil biota on average had greater negative impacts on the total mass of exotic plants, particularly perennial species, than on that of native plants. Our results suggest that plant intrinsic growth ability, rather than phylogenetic relatedness, is a reliable predictor of soil effects. Additionally, native plants can benefit from plant-soil interactions in competing with exotic perennial plants when initially established in newly abandoned farmlands.
关键词：
active season;environmental bacterial reservoir;hibernation;neutral model;Pseudogymnoascus destructans;skin microbiota
摘要：
Skin microbiota play an important role in protecting bat hosts from the fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans, which has caused dramatic bat population declines and extinctions. Recent studies have provided insights into the bacterial communities of bat skin, but variation in skin bacterial community structure in the context of the seasonal dynamics of fungal invasion, as well as the processes that drive such variation, remain largely unexplored. In this study, we characterized bat skin microbiota over the course of the bat hibernation and active season stages and used a neutral model of community ecology to determine the relative roles of neutral and selective processes in driving microbial community variation. Our results showed significant seasonal shifts in skin community structure, as well as less diverse microbiota in hibernation than in the active season. Skin microbiota were influenced by the environmental bacterial reservoir. During both the hibernation and active season stages, more than 78% of ASVs in bat skin microbiota were consistent with neutral distribution, implying that neutral processes, that is, dispersal or ecological drift contributing the most to shifts in skin microbiota. In addition, the neutral model showed that some ASVs were actively selected by the bats from the environmental bacterial reservoir, accounting for approximately 20% and 31% of the total community during hibernation and active season stages, respectively. Overall, this research provides insights into the assemblage of bat-associated bacterial communities and will aid in the development of conservation strategies against fungal disease.
期刊：
Cell Communication and Signaling,2023年21(1):1-7 ISSN：1478-811X
通讯作者：
Ting Zhao
作者机构：
[Jin, Jian] Anhui Normal Univ, Sch Educ Sci, Wuhu 241000, Peoples R China.;[Zhao, Ting] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhao, Ting] S;School of Life Science, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
关键词：
Niche;Drosophila;Hippo;Insulin;Ovary
摘要：
Adult stem cells have a unique ability to self-renew and to generate differentiated daughter cells that are required in the body tissues. The identity of adult stem cells is maintained by extrinsic signals from other cell types, known as niche cells. Thus, the niche is required for appropriate tissue homeostasis. Niche is formed and recruits stem cells during tissue development; therefore, it is essential to establish niche cells and stem cells in proper numbers during development. A small niche may recruit too few stem cells and cause tissue degeneration, while a large niche may maintain too many stem cells and lead to tumorigenesis. Given that vertebrate tissues are not suitable for large-scale forward genetics studies, the Drosophila ovary stands out as an excellent model for studying how multiple niche cell types and germ cells (GCs) are coordinately regulated in vivo. Recent studies are beginning to reveal how various signaling molecules regulate niche formation and how niche cells non-autonomously influence GC number. In this review, we summarize the ovarian niche structure, the key signaling pathways for niche formation, and how niche cells generate extrinsic factors to control GC proliferation during ovarian development.
作者机构：
[Li, Yiming; Niu, Meiling; Yang, Jiaxue; Zhang, Jinyu; Li, Yuanyi; Li, YM; Du, Jiacong; Zhang, Jun] Hebei Univ, Inst Life Sci & Green Dev, Sch Life Sci, Baoding 071002, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yiming; Song, Tianjian; Wang, Siqi; Luo, Zexu; Li, Wenhao; Li, YM; Deng, Teng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol, 1 Beichen West Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yiming; Song, Tianjian; Wang, Siqi; Luo, Zexu; Li, Wenhao; Li, YM; Deng, Teng] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.;[Blackburn, Tim M.] UCL, Ctr Biodivers & Environm Res, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.;[Blackburn, Tim M.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England.
通讯机构：
[Li, YM ] H;Hebei Univ, Inst Life Sci & Green Dev, Sch Life Sci, Baoding 071002, Peoples R China.;Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol, 1 Beichen West Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.;Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The global trade in live wildlife elevates the risk of biological invasions by increasing colonization pressure (the number of alien species introduced to an area). Yet, our understanding of species traded as aliens remains limited. We created a comprehensive global database on live terrestrial vertebrate trade and use it to investigate the number of traded alien species, and correlates of establishment richness for aliens. We identify 7,780 species involved in this trade globally. Approximately 85.7% of these species are traded as aliens, and 12.2% of aliens establish populations. Countries with greater trading power, higher incomes, and larger human populations import more alien species. These countries, along with island nations, emerge as hotspots for establishment richness of aliens. Colonization pressure and insularity consistently promote establishment richness across countries, while socio-economic factors impact specific taxa. Governments must prioritize policies to mitigate the release or escape of traded animals and protect global biosecurity. This study compiled a comprehensive global database on live terrestrial vertebrate trade and used it to investigate traded alien species. The authors identify 7,780 species involved in trade globally and show that countries with greater trading power, higher incomes and larger human populations import more alien species, which emerge as hotspots for establishment richness of aliens.
作者机构：
[Li, Jun; Wu, Hua; Fu, Chao; Zhao, Mian; Ai, Qingbo; Xie, Siyu; Huang, Chunhua] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Evolut & Ecol, Int Res Ctr Ecol & Environm, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Fu, Jinzhong] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON, Canada.
通讯机构：
[Hua Wu; Hua Wu Hua Wu Hua Wu] I;Institute of Evolution and Ecology, International Research Centre of Ecology and Environment, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
关键词：
demographic history;East Asia;geographical barriers;geographical corridors;palaeoclimatic changes;population-level process
摘要：
Geographical features and palaeoclimatic fluctuations are two classical evolutionary forces that shape genetic diversification within species. Fine-grained analysis of the mechanisms involved through population demographic processes, however, remains limited. Taking advantage of two recently published reference genomes, we resequenced the genomes and examined the evolutionary history of the moustache toads, a group endemic to East Asia where complex topography and fluctuating palaeoclimate are known to have had profound impacts on organisms. Moustache toads probably originated in southeast Yunnan, China, and diversified towards the northwestern of Yunnan, as well as central and eastern China. Further exploration based on three widespread species (Leptobrachium ailaonicum, L. boringii and L. liui) using demographic modelling and species distribution models revealed that mountains and river valleys in East Asia not only functioned as geographical barriers, but also provided dispersal corridors and facilitated continuous migration or post-glacial secondary contact among moustache toad populations. Furthermore, periodic oscillation of effective population sizes accompanying fluctuations of historical temperature and population contraction at the Last Glacial Maximum support the widespread impact of climatic changes of the Pleistocene on species diversification in East Asia. This impact was moderate for populations of L. ailaonicum and L. boringii in the southwestern mountains but severe for populations of L. liui in the eastern lowland regions of continental East Asia, which is supported by different degrees of change of their effective population sizes. Our findings reveal mechanisms underlying genetic diversification among moustache toads, and highlight the power of genomic data and demographic modelling for examining complex historical population-level processes and for understanding how geographical and palaeoclimatic factors interactively shape current intraspecific diversity.
摘要：
Phosphorus (P) is a crucial macronutrient for plant growth, development, and reproduction. The effects of low P (LP) stress on leaf senescence and the role of PHR1 in LP-induced leaf senescence are still unknown. Here, we report that PHR1 plays a crucial role in LP-induced leaf senescence, showing delayed leaf senescence in phr1 mutant and accelerated leaf senescence in 35S:PHR1 transgenic Arabidopsis under LP stress. The transcriptional profiles indicate that 763 differentially expressed SAGs (DE-SAGs) were upregulated and 134 DE-SAGs were downregulated by LP stress. Of the 405 DE-SAGs regulated by PHR1, 27 DE-SAGs were involved in P metabolism and transport. PHR1 could bind to the promoters of six DE-SAGs (RNS1, PAP17, SAG113, NPC5, PLD zeta 2, and Pht1;5), and modulate them in LP-induced senescing leaves. The analysis of RNA content, phospholipase activity, acid phosphatase activity, total P and phosphate content also revealed that PHR1 promotes P liberation from senescing leaves and transport to young tissues under LP stress. Our results indicated that PHR1 is one of the crucial modulators for P recycling and redistribution under LP stress, and the drastic decline of P level is at least one of the causes of early senescence in P-deficient leaves. In Arabidopsis, PHR1 is the crucial regulator in low phosphate-induced leaf senescence by modulating P recycling and redistribution.
作者机构：
[Tang, Ju; Huang, Shuang-Quan; Sun, Shi-Guo; Huang, SQ] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Inst Evolut & Ecol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Tang, Ju] Anhui Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, SQ ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Inst Evolut & Ecol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
biodiversity hotspot;experimental sympatry;interspecific pollen flow;Pedicularis;pollen–pistil interaction;pre- and post-zygotic reproductive barriers;sister species
摘要：
Although mechanical isolation mediated by shared pollinators has been considered as a classic model of pollinator-mediated floral isolation in Pedicularis, a superdiverse genus in Hengduan Mountains, southwest China, there has been no empirical study of interspecific pollen flow between closely related species. We examined reproductive barriers at six different stages between Pedicularis cranolopha and Pedicularis tricolor, two sister species. The two sister species were geographically isolated from each other based on our field survey and the records of herbarium specimens. Translocation experiments showed that flowering phenology partly overlapped and bumblebee pollinators did not discriminate between flowers of the two species. Bumblebee interspecific moves could mediate interspecific pollination as traced using fluorescent powder, in which pollen analogs placed on one species were transferred to the stigmas of the other species in experimental plots containing both species. Heterospecific pollen tubes grew in the style as well as conspecific pollen in hand-pollination experiments. Reciprocal hybridization between the two species could produce (partially) viable seeds, suggesting weak post-pollination barriers. Our results showed that geographic isolation was an important barrier of two species, and the total reproductive isolation between two species was incomplete when without geographical isolation. The formation of Big Snow Mountains could introduce an important pre-zygotic reproductive barrier between the two sister species of Pedicularis; such geographical isolation could be responsible for allopatric speciation, giving a clue to understanding the rapid radiation on mountain areas.
作者机构：
[Wang, Xin-Wei; Jiang, Hai-Bo; Liu, Ling-Mei; Yong, Cheng-Wen] Ningbo Univ, Sch Marine Sci, Key Lab Marine Biotechnol Zhejiang Prov, Ningbo, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Xin-Wei; Jiang, Hai-Bo; Yong, Cheng-Wen] Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Hai-Bo; Liu, Ling-Mei; Deng, Bin] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Hai-Bo] Minist Nat Resources, Inst Oceanog 2, State Key Lab Satellite Ocean Environm Dynam, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Xin-Wei Wang; Hai-Bo Jiang] K;Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China<&wdkj&>Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China<&wdkj&>Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China<&wdkj&>School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China<&wdkj&>State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
