期刊：
Social Psychology of Education,2016年19(3):607-626 ISSN：1381-2890
通讯作者：
Zuo, Bin
作者机构：
[Dong, Xuanhao; Wen, Fangfang; Wu, Yang; Wang, Wei; Zuo, Bin] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei Province, Peoples R China.;[Dong, Xuanhao; Wen, Fangfang; Wu, Yang; Wang, Wei; Zuo, Bin] Cent China Normal Univ, Ctr Social Psychol Res, Wuhan, Hubei Province, Peoples R China.;[Dong, Xuanhao] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Munich, Germany.
通讯机构：
[Zuo, Bin] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei Province, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Ctr Social Psychol Res, Wuhan, Hubei Province, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Two experiments examined the effects of competition and cooperation contexts, as well as regulatory fit, on reducing the negative influence of stereotype threat. Experiment 1 demonstrated that in high stereotype threat conditions, participants in the cooperation context scored significantly higher on a math test than those in the competition context, while participants in low stereotype threat conditions did not differ in both contexts. Experiment 2 found that under stereotype threat, participants with induced prevention focus scored significantly higher on a math test in the cooperation context than those in the competition context or control group. At the same time, participants with induced promotion foci did not differ between the contexts. Thus, while the cooperation context may counteract the effect of stereotype threat, inducing a promotion focus may create a regulatory fit in the competition context that could also remove the effect of stereotype threat.
摘要：
Various family factors are risk factors for adolescent suicidality (suicidal ideation and suicide attempts). However, little is known about the role of parenting in adolescent suicidality. The present study examined the unique relations between three parenting dimensions (parental warmth, behavioral control, and psychological control) and adolescent suicidality, as well as the mediating role of adolescent hopelessness among these relations. A total of 1529 Chinese adolescents (52 % male; mean age = 14.74 years, SD = 1.48) completed anonymous questionnaires designed to assess three parenting dimensions, hopelessness, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. After controlling for gender, age, family structure, and socioeconomic status, it was found that parental warmth negatively predicted adolescent suicidality, whereas psychological control positively predicted adolescent suicidality. In addition, parental warmth negatively predicted adolescent hopelessness, whereas psychological control positively predicated adolescent hopelessness, which in turn enhanced adolescent suicidality. Although behavioral control did not predict adolescent suicidality, it did negatively predict adolescent hopelessness, which in turn promoted adolescent suicidality. These findings revealed the differential roles of different parenting dimensions in adolescent suicidality, and the mediation effect of adolescent hopelessness between parenting and adolescent suicidality. Future practices would benefit from incorporating both parenting and hopelessness for optimal intervention effect.
关键词：
Age differences;Children and adolescents;Chinese;Cross-sectional;Dispositional optimism
摘要：
Research has demonstrated the important roles of dispositional optimism played in individuals' life quality. But little is known about age differences in dispositional optimism especially in late childhood and adolescence. This study examined age differences in dispositional optimism in Chinese children and adolescents (N = 2738; M-age = 12.75 years; SD = 2.53; age range 9-19). Results revealed that the bi-dimensional structure of dispositional optimism (i.e., optimism and pessimism) was similar in each grade. Optimism had a negative linear pattern with age. Pessimism decreased from strongly to weakly, showing a curvilinear pattern with age. Overall optimism (representing the presence of optimism and the lack of pessimism) had a positive linear relationship with age. Moreover, only the development of pessimism was moderated by gender and family socioeconomic status. These findings suggest that dispositionsl optimism varies by age, and that optimism and pessimism are partially independent. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
期刊：
International Journal of Psychology,2016年51(4):888-888 ISSN：0020-7594
作者机构：
[Li, Ying; Wei, Linlin; Zhou, Zhijin; Zhao, Lili; Zhao, Qingbai] Cent China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent CyberPsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
摘要：
The Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing (JSPN) is the international interdisciplinary resource for nurses who specialize in the care of children and families. T=\"I\">JSPN bridges the gap between research and practice by publishing peer-reviewed reliable, clinically relevant, and readily applicable evidence. Evidence includes qualitative and quantitative research, clinical expertise, and the perspectives of children and families. The journal integrates the best evidence with pediatric nurses' passion for achieving the best outcomes.The journal values interdisciplinary perspectives in the care of children and families and publishes a wide variety of peer-reviewed papers on clinically relevant topics. Each feature article concludes with a section titled, “How do I apply this information to nursing practice?” In addition, JSPN columns provide a forum for authors to share their expertise. The concise, information-packed columns are popular with students and educators as well as with clinicians.Coverage in the Journals@Ovid database begins with the January 2004 issue.
摘要：
Although popular children's cartoons are replete with fantastical events, we know little about whether children understand that these events are fantastical rather than real. In Study 1, 54 children ages 4 to 6 years and 18 adults were shown 10 real and 10 fantastical events portrayed in 4 s video clips from a popular cartoon. After viewing each clip, participants were asked to judge the reality status of the event and to explain their judgments. Results indicated that even 4-year-olds have a fairly good understanding of fantastical events in animated cartoons but that they underestimate the reality status of real events in such cartoons. In Study 2, 35 4- to 6-year-olds and 18 adults watched video clips of 10 real and 10 fantastical events performed by real people from a Chinese television show. Once again, 4-year-olds underestimated the reality status of real events shown on television. However, against the "real" backdrop in this study, 4-year-olds also judged nearly half of the fantastical events to be real. The implications for children's reality-fantasy discrimination and their media viewing are discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
期刊：
Journal of Child and Family Studies,2015年24(7):1886-1897 ISSN：1062-1024
通讯作者：
Li, Dongping
作者机构：
[Li, Xian; Zhang, Haiyan] SUNY Albany, Dept Educ & Counseling Psychol, Albany, NY 12222 USA.;[Li, Dongping] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Dongping] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Temperament;Problematic internet use;Parenting styles;Maladaptive cognition;Moderated mediation
摘要：
The present study investigated the mechanisms underlying the relation between temperament (i.e., effortful control, sensation seeking, and dispositional anger/frustration) and adolescent problematic internet use (PIU) by examining the mediating role of maladaptive cognition toward internet use in linking temperament and PIU and the moderating role of parenting styles in influencing the mediation. A total of 660 Chinese middle-school adolescents completed anonymous questionnaires regarding temperament, maladaptive cognition toward internet use, maternal parenting styles, and PIU. After controlling for gender, age, and family socioeconomic status, it was found that effortful control was negatively related to PIU, whereas sensation seeking and anger/frustration were positively related to PIU. Moreover, maladaptive cognition partially mediated the relation of effortful control and dispositional anger/frustration to PIU and completely mediated the relation of sensation seeking to PIU. Moderated mediation analyses further revealed that authoritative and permissive parenting styles moderated the relation between sensation seeking and maladaptive cognition. Specifically, in adolescents with low authoritative or low permissive mothers, sensation seeking promoted maladaptive cognition, whereas in adolescents with high authoritative or high permissive mothers, sensation seeking no longer predicted PIU. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
摘要：
A growing body of evidence indicates that both inhibition and decision-making deficits play essential roles in the development and maintenance of Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Clarifying whether impaired decision-making among individuals with IGD is related to poor inhibition will advance our understanding of IGD and contribute to intervention development. However, the relationship between these two functions remains unclear. In this study, we sought to systemically examine inhibitory processes, decision-making and the relationship between the two among individuals with IGD. Thirty-four individuals with IGD and 32 matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. In comparison to HCs, IGD subjects demonstrated inhibition deficits during performance of the gaming-related Go/No-Go task and impaired decision-making under risk. In addition, errors on No-Go trials during the gaming-related Go/ No-Go task were positively associated with decision-making impairments under risk but not under ambiguity among IGD subjects. These results suggest individuals with IGD are impaired in some aspects of inhibition and decision-making functions, and that decision-making deficits under risk are linked to poor inhibition specifically related to gaming cues, which has implications for the development of novel intervention. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Liu, Qin-Xue; Zhou, Zong-Kui] Minist Educ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav CCNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Qin-Xue; Zhou, Zong-Kui] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Chao-Ying; Fang, Xiao-Yi; Lan, Jing] Beijing Normal Univ, Inst Dev Psychol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.;[Fang, Xiao-Yi] Tianjin Normal Univ, Acad Psychol & Behav, Tianjin 300387, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Ni] Southwest Univ, Fac Psychol, Beibei 400700, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Fang, Xiao-Yi] B;Beijing Normal Univ, Inst Dev Psychol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Effectiveness mechanism;Family relationships;Internet addiction;Multi-family group therapy;Need satisfaction
摘要：
Objective: Internet addiction is one of the most common problems among adolescents and effective treatment is needed. This research aims to test the effectiveness and underlying mechanism of multi-family group therapy (MFGT) to reduce Internet addiction among adolescents. Method: A total of 92 participants consisting of 46 adolescents with Internet addiction, aged 12-18 years, and 46 their parents, aged 35-46 years, were assigned to the experimental group (six-session MFGT intervention) or a waiting-list control. Structured questionnaires were administered at pre-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2) and a three-month follow-up (T3). Results: There was a significant difference in the decline both in the average score and proportion of adolescents with Internet addiction in MFGT group at post-intervention (M-T1 = 3.40, M-T2 = 2.46, p < 0.001; 100 versus 4.8%, p < 0.001) maintained for three months (M-T3 = 2.06, p < 0.001; 100 versus 11.1%, p < 0.001). Reports from both adolescents and parents were significantly better than those in the control group. Further explorations of the underlying mechanisms of effectiveness based on the changed values of measured variables showed that the improvement in adolescent Internet use was partially explained by the satisfaction of their psychological needs and improved parent-adolescent communication and closeness. Conclusions: The six-session multi-family group therapy was effective in reducing Internet addiction behaviors among adolescents and could be implemented as part of routine primary care clinic services in similar populations. As family support system is critical in maintaining the intervention effect, fostering positive parent-adolescent interaction and addressing adolescents' psychological needs should be included in preventive programs for Internet addiction in the future. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY,2015年6:1264 ISSN：1664-1078
通讯作者：
Zhang, Wei
作者机构：
[Huang, Shihua; Wang, Shujun; Zhang, Wei; Zhen, Shuangju; Yu, Chengfu] S China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Shihua; Wang, Shujun; Zhang, Wei; Zhen, Shuangju; Yu, Chengfu] S China Normal Univ, Ctr Studies Psychol Applicat, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Li, Dongping] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Shihua] Guangzhou Univ Chinese Med, Sch Econ & Management, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Wei] S China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 55 West Zhongshan Ave, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Wei] S;S China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 55 West Zhongshan Ave, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
作者机构：
[Liu, Huashan; Fan, Zhao; Cheng, Xiaorong; Ding, Xianfeng] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsychol & Behav, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Huashan; Fan, Zhao; Cheng, Xiaorong; Ding, Xianfeng] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Huashan; Fan, Zhao; Cheng, Xiaorong; Ding, Xianfeng] Key Lab Human Dev & Mental Hlth Hubei Prov, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Ding, Xianfeng] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
elapsing time;STARC effect;mental time line;working memory
摘要：
A growing body of evidence suggested that elapsing time is tightly associated with space in a specific way (e.g., Spatial Temporal Association of Response Codes or STARC effect). However, existing findings cannot justify a hypothesis that elapsing time is recoded directly into a spatial linear representation in working memory. The present study addresses this fundamental question by using three modified STARC-related working memory paradigms. In different experiments, participants were asked to give order judgment, order-irrelevant STM recognition judgment, or motor-related free-choice judgment, immediately after successive presentation of a set of disparate stimuli. Results show that responses to early stimuli were faster or more often with the left key and responses to late stimuli were faster or more often with the right key. These findings clearly support the hypothesis that elapsing time is directly and automatically recoded into a spatial linear representation in working memory.
摘要：
Individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) tend to exhibit disadvantageous risky decision-making not only in their real life but also in laboratory tasks. Decision-making is a complex multifaceted function and different cognitive processes are involved in decision-making for gains and losses. However, the relationship between impaired decision-making and gain versus loss processing in the context of IGD is poorly understood. The main aim of the present study was to separately evaluate decision-making for risky gains and losses among college students with IGD using the Cups task. Additionally, we further examined the effects of outcome magnitude and probability level on decision-making related to risky gains and losses respectively. Sixty college students with IGD and 42 matched healthy controls (HCs) participated. Results indicated that IGD subjects exhibited generally greater risk taking tendencies than HCs. In comparison to HCs, IGD subjects made more disadvantageous risky choices in the loss domain (but not in the gain domain). Follow-up analyses indicated that the impairment was associated to insensitivity to changes in outcome magnitude and probability level for risky losses among IGD subjects. In addition, higher Internet addiction severity scores were associated with percentage of disadvantageous risky options in the loss domain. These findings emphasize the effect of insensitivity to losses on disadvantageous decisions under risk in the context of IGD, which has implications for future intervention studies.
摘要：
OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To investigate the neural correlates of earthquake-related stimuli among earthquake-exposed survivors, 13 earthquake-exposed undergraduates without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 13 matched controls completed a study-test task during which event-related potentials were recorded synchronously. RESULTS: The earthquake-exposed group exhibited stronger P2, P300 and late positive component amplitudes to earthquake-related stimuli compared with the control group on the anterior scalp during recognition memory processing. In addition, earthquake-related stimuli elicited enhanced positivity compared with neutral stimuli in the earthquake-exposed group. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that earthquake-exposed subjects demonstrate recognition memory bias toward threatening stimuli. Even though both groups showed no PTSD symptoms, potential threat cues or stimuli associated with a traumatic event may trigger traumatic memories in this group. (c) 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.
摘要：
Attentional load may be increased by task-relevant attention, such as difficulty of task, or task-irrelevant attention, such as an unexpected light-spot in the screen. Several studies have focused on the influence of task-relevant attentional load on task-irrelevant emotion processing. In this study, we used event-related potentials to examine the impact of task-irrelevant attentional load on task-irrelevant expression processing. Eighteen participants identified the color of a word (i.e. the color Stroop task) while a picture of a fearful or a neutral face was shown in the background. The task-irrelevant attentional load was increased by regularly presented congruence trials (congruence between the color and the meaning of the word) in the regular condition because implicit sequence learning was induced. We compared the task-irrelevant expression processing between the regular condition and the random condition (the congruence and incongruence trials were presented randomly). Behaviorally, reaction times for the fearful face condition were faster than the neutral faces condition in the random condition, whereas no significant difference was found in the regular condition. The event-related potential results indicated enhanced positive amplitudes in P2, N2, and P3 components relative to neutral faces in the random condition. In comparison, only P2 differed significantly for the two types of expressions in the regular condition. The study showed that attentional load increased by implicit sequence learning influenced the late processing of task-irrelevant expression.
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have presented mixed findings on the inhibition ability in restrained eaters (REs) due to the limited amount of neural evidence and limitations of behavioral measures. The current study explores the neural correlations of the specific inhibition ability among successful restrained eaters (S-REs), unsuccessful restrained eaters (US-REs), and unrestrained eaters (UREs). METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Three groups of females (with 13 participants in each group) completed a two-choice Oddball task, while the event-related potentials (ERPs) are recorded synchronously. Results indicate that S-REs showed inhibition deficit in processing high-energy food cues whereas US-REs show inhibition deficit in processing both low- and high-energy food cues. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that S-REs and US-REs differ in terms of specific inhibition ability and that enhanced inhibition is essential to a successful diet.
