作者机构：
[Peng, Jian-Xin] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Entomol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Peng, Jian-Xin] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Entomol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Cholesterol is a membrane component and the precursor of ecdysteroids in insects, but insects cannot synthesize cholesterol de novo. Therefore, cholesterol uptake and transportation during the feeding larval stages are critical processes in insects. The sterol carrier protein-2 domain (SCP-2) in sterol carrier proteins-x (SCP-x) has been speculated to be involved in intracellular cholesterol transfer and metabolism in vertebrates. However, a direct association between SCP-x gene expression, cholesterol absorption and development in lepidopteran insects is poorly understood. We identified the Helicoverpa armigera sterol carrier protein-x/2 (HaSCP-x/2) gene from the larval midgut cDNAs. The HaSCP-x/2 gene is well conserved during evolution and relatively divergent in heterogenetic species. Transcripts of HaSCP-x/2 were detected by qRT-PCR at the highest level in the midgut of H. armigera during the larval stages. Expression knockdown of HaSCP-x/2 transcripts via dsRNA interference resulted in delayed larval development and decreased adult fecundity. Sterol carrier protein-2 inhibitors were lethal to young larvae and decreased fertility in adults emerged from treated elder larvae in H. armigera. The results taken together suggest that HaSCPx/2 gene is important for normal development and fertility in H. armigera. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Schistosomiasis ranks as the second most serious parasitic disease worldwide after malaria. More than 250 million people are infected with schistosomes in the tropics or subtropics. The treatment and control of schistosomiasis which is a major neglected tropical parasitic disease, depends almost exclusively on chemotherapy with Praziquantel (PZQ). Current serologic diagnostic assays have shown that schistosome specific antibodies in human serum may remain for at least 1 year after cure. Repeated administration of PZQ for a long time might induce drug resistance to the parasite which is a big challenge for strategizing for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis. As schistosome eggs represent the most pathogenic form causing the disease, it is essential to determine if and how the level of antibodies against schistosome Soluble Egg Antigens (SEA) is affected by PZQ treatment. In this study, researchers carried out an immunomic analysis to profile Schistosoma japonicum SEA reacting with pooled human serum samples of pre and post treatment with PZQ by two dimensional electrophoresis combined with Western blotting. A total of 67 protein spots that were serologically recognized by serum samples were successfully subjected to mass spectrometric analysis. Of them, 37 different characterized proteins were successfully identified. Furthermore, of 67 protein spots, the reactivity of 49 protein spots to sera was reduced 20 weeks after PZQ treatment whereas only 5 spots showed increases in the intensity of recognition by post treatment sera. The present study suggested that chemotherapy with PZQ mainly affects the intensity of serological recognition of S. japonicum SEA. The immunomic proteins that were identified may facilitate a better understanding of the egg induced pathogenesis of schistosomiasis and host-parasite interplay and may provide potential targets for the diagnosis and evaluation of treatment for the disease as well.
摘要：
Autophagy plays a central role in regulating important cellular functions such as cell survival during starvation and control of infectious pathogens. On the other hand, many pathogens have evolved mechanisms of inhibition of autophagy such as blockage of the formation of autophagosomes or the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes. Baculoviruses are important insect pathogens for pest control, and autophagy activity increases significantly during insect metamorphosis. However, it is not clear whether baculovirus infection has effects on the increased autophagy. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) infection on autophagy in SL-HP cell line from Spodoptera litura induced under amino acid deprivation. The results revealed that AcMNPV infection did not inhibit autophagy but triggered apoptosis under starvation pressure. In the early stage of infection under starvation, mitochondrial dysfunction was detected, suggesting the organelles might be involved in cell apoptosis. The semi-quantitative PCR assay revealed that the expression of both p35 and ie-1 genes of AcMNPV had no significant difference between the starved and unstarved SL-HP cells. The western blot analysis showed that no cleavage of endogenous Atg6 occurred during the process of apoptosis in SL-HP cells. These data demonstrated that some permissive insect cells may defend baculovirus infection via apoptosis under starvation and apoptosis is independent of the cleavage of Atg6 in SL-HP cells.
作者机构：
[Li, Min; Gai, Zhongchao; Guo, Shuying; Song, Na; Yuan, Yuan; Liu, Kaiyu; Peng, Jianxin; Hong, Huazhu; Li, Juan; Shu, Duanyang] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Entomol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Kaiyu; Peng, Jianxin; Hong, Huazhu] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol, Minist Educ, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Kaiyu] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Entomol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Apoptosis;Mitochondria;Drosophila melanogaster;Insects;Cell staining;Transfection;Spodoptera;Plasmid construction
摘要：
There are conflicting reports on the role of cytochrome c during insect apoptosis. Our previous studies have showed that cytochrome c released from the mitochondria was an early event by western blot analysis and caspase-3 activation was closely related to cytochrome c release during apoptosis induced by baculovirus in Spodoptera litura cells (Sl-1 cell line). In the present study, alteration in mitochondrial morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and cytochrome c release from mitochondria in apoptotic Sl-1 cells induced with Anagrapha falcifera multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AfMNPV) has further been confirmed by immunofluoresence staining protocol, suggesting that structural disruption of mitochondria and the release of cytochrome c are important events during Lepidoptera insect cell apoptosis. We also used Sl-1 cell-free extract system and the technique of RNA interference to further investigate the role of cytochrome c in apoptotic Sl-1 cells induced by AfMNPV. Caspase-3 activity in cell- free extracts supplemented with exogenous cytochrome c was determined and showed an increase with the extension of incubation time. DsRNA-mediated silencing of cytochrome c resulted in the inhibition of apoptosis and protected the cells from AfMNPV-induced cell death. Silencing of expression of cytochrome c had a remarkable effect on pro-caspase-3 and pro-caspase-9 activation and resulted in the reduction of caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity in Sl-1 cells undergoing apoptosis. Caspase-9 inhibitor could inhibit activation of pro-caspase-3, and the inhibition of the function of Apaf-1 with FSBA blocked apoptosis, hinting that Apaf-1 could be involved in Sl-1 cell apoptosis induced by AfMNPV. Taken together, these results strongly demonstrate that cytochrome c plays an important role in apoptotic signaling pathways in Lepidopteran insect cells.
摘要：
The responses of insect cells to starvation and the characteristics of cell death after the depletion of nutrients remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated autophagy, apoptosis and necrosis in two Lepidoptera insect cell lines in response to amino acid starvation. Our data demonstrated that starvation induced a significant increase in autophagy in Spodoptera litura SL-ZSU-1 cells, and cell apoptosis followed autophagy after starvation of more than 48 h. However, at an early stage of starvation, inhibition of autophagy with 3-MA rapidly triggered apoptosis of SL-ZSU-1 cells, suggesting autophagy inhibits cell apoptosis. By contrast, Bombyx mori SPC Bm36 cells died by a non-apoptotic pathway if the starvation was prolonged for more than 48 h. At the early stage of starvation, inhibition of autophagy with 3-MA did not trigger apoptosis in Bm36 cells, but resulted in necrotic-like cell death. Under starvation pressure, autophagy in SL-ZSU-1 cells was much more active than in Bm36 cells. The activity of caspase-9-like in apoptotic SL-ZSU-1 cells also was much higher than in apoptotic Bm36 cells. RT-PCR analyses revealed that transcriptional levels of saposin-like (Bm109) and Atg6 were undetectable in Bm36 cells, but expression level of saposin-like in SL-ZSU-1 was high. Expression of Atg6 in SL-ZSU-1 cells was not analyzed because its sequence was unknown. These data indicate that autophagy prevents Lepidoptera insect cells from death at an early stage of starvation, but prolonged starvation results in cell death. The pathways of cell death might be dependent on the abundance of caspase-9-like, saposin-like and Atg6. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[Yang, Hong; Huang, Zhou; Shi, Yu; Shen, Zhao] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Xiaoping] Hubei Vocat Tech Coll, Xiaogan 432000, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Hong; Peng, Jianxin] Cent China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Zhou] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Cytochrome oxidase subunit ii gene;Mitochondrial;Molecular analysis;Phylogenetic analysis;Termites
摘要：
Termites (Order: Isoptera) are a group of insects widely distributed in the world. In this study the molecular characters of some termites collected from two different Chinese regions were analyzed based on partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (CoII) genes. In total, CoII genes from 15 different termite colonies were amplified and cloned. The genes were first analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with the restriction enzyme TaqI, and then sequenced. There were 12 different RFLP profiles of CoII genes corresponding to different termite species. CoII gene sequences obtained from the 15 termite colony samples shared 70.2% to 99.8% similarity with each other. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the studied termites belong to the genera Reticulitermes, Odontotermes, Macrotermes, Sinocapritermes; Cryptotermes, Neotermes, and Nasutitermes. The molecular analysis of CoII genes was not only enrich our understanding of termite characters but also give us important insights into the strategy for termite control in the future.
作者：
Deng Huiqun;Cai Xiaofeng;Peng Jianxin;Hong Huazhu;Koji, Ichinose;...
期刊：
JOURNAL OF BASIC MICROBIOLOGY,2010年50(3):299-301 ISSN：0233-111X
通讯作者：
Li Aiying
作者机构：
[Peng Jianxin; Deng Huiqun; Cai Xiaofeng; Li Aiying; Hong Huazhu] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Koji, Ichinose] Musashino Univ, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Tokyo 2028585, Japan.
通讯机构：
[Li Aiying] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
作者：
Chuan, Jun;Feng, Zheng;Brindley, Paul J.;McManus, Donald P.;Han, Zeguang;...
期刊：
Advances in Parasitology,2010年73(C):327-371 ISSN：0065-308X
通讯作者：
Hu, Wei
作者机构：
[Feng, Zheng; Hu, Wei; Chuan, Jun] WHO Collaborating Ctr Malaria, Key Lab Parasitol & Vector Biol, Natl Inst Parasit Dis, Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Shanghai, Peoples R China.;[Peng Jianxin; Chuan, Jun] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Entomol, Sch Life Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Brindley, Paul J.] George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Trop Med, Washington, DC 20037 USA.;[McManus, Donald P.] Queensland Inst Med Res, Mol Parasitol Lab, Div Infect Dis, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia.;[Han, Zeguang] Chinese Natl Human Genome Ctr Shanghai, Shanghai MOST Key Lab Dis & Hlth Genom, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Hu, Wei] W;WHO Collaborating Ctr Malaria, Key Lab Parasitol & Vector Biol, Natl Inst Parasit Dis, Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
