作者机构：
[付子英; 徐娜; 李娟; 唐佳; 陈其才; 石青] College of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
通讯机构：
[Fu, Z.] C;College of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
摘要：
SRP gene was first identified from the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea as one of genes up-regulated after bacteria injection. A rent study in Spodoptera litura showed that stress-induced elevation of SRP expression highly correlates with reduced feeding activities and growth retardation of larvae. In this study, we identified a SRP gene from the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, namely Ha-SRP, and studied its precise roles in insect immunity. Expressions of Ha-SRP were upregulated in H. armigera larval hemocytes after injection of Escherichia coli. When the expression of Ha-SRP in H. armigera larval hemocytes was inhibited by dsHa-SRP injection, the transcription of prophenoloxidase genes in hemocytes was repressed, phenoloxidase activity in bacteria-challenged larval hemolymph was significantly decreased, and nodule formation in bacteria-injected larvae was reduced. More importantly, RNAi-treated insects infected with E. coli showed higher bacterial growth in hemolymph compared with infected controls. These results suggest that Ha-SRP gene plays importance roles in H. armigera innate immunity, possibly by mediating prophenoloxidase activation and nodulation response.
摘要：
Proline-rich proteins contribute to cell wall structure of specific cell types and are involved in plant growth and development. In this study, a fiber-specific gene, GhPRP5, encoding a proline-rich protein was functionally characterized in cotton. GhPRP5 promoter directed GUS expression only in trichomes of both transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plants. The transgenic Arabidopsis plants with overexpressing GhPRP5 displayed reduced cell growth, resulting in smaller cell size and consequently plant dwarfs, in comparison with wild type plants. In contrast, knock-down of GhPRP5 expression by RNA interference in cotton enhanced fiber development. The fiber length of transgenic cotton plants was longer than that of wild type. In addition, some genes involved in fiber elongation and wall biosynthesis of cotton were up-regulated or down-regulated in the transgenic cotton plants owing to suppression of GhPRP5. Collectively, these data suggested that GhPRP5 protein as a negative regulator participates in modulating fiber development of cotton.
作者机构：
[Li, Yongshu; Cai, Yingyue; Liu, Kaiyu; Yang, Yongbo; Sun, Bin; Li, Yi] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jingjing] Hubei Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Huangshi 435002, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Yi] Wuhan Bioengn Inst, Bioengn Dept, Wuhan 430415, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, Yi] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
HBoV1;NP1;Apoptosis;Cell cycle arrest
摘要：
Human bocavirus type 1 (HBoV1) is a newly identified pathogen associated with human respiratory tract illnesses. Previous studies demonstrated that proteins of HBoV1 failed to cause cell death, which is considered as a possible common feature of bocaviruses. However, our work showed that the NP1 of HBoV1 induced apoptotic cell death in Hela cells in the absence of viral genome replication and expression of other viral proteins. Mitochondria apoptotic pathway was involved in the NP1-induced apoptosis that was confirmed by apoptotic characteristics including morphological changes, DNA fragmentation and caspase activation. We also demonstrated that the cell cycle of NP1-transfected Hela cells was transiently arrested at G2/M phase followed by rapid appearance of apoptosis and that the N terminal domain of NP1 was critical to its nuclear localization and function in apoptosis induction in Hela cells. These findings might provide alternative information for further study of mechanism of HBoV1 pathogenesis. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
作者机构：
[付子英; 李娟; 唐佳; 陈其才; Zeng H.] School of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
作者机构：
[Li, Min; Gai, Zhongchao; Guo, Shuying; Song, Na; Yuan, Yuan; Liu, Kaiyu; Peng, Jianxin; Hong, Huazhu; Li, Juan; Shu, Duanyang] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Entomol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Kaiyu; Peng, Jianxin; Hong, Huazhu] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Pesticide & Chem Biol, Minist Educ, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, Kaiyu] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Entomol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Apoptosis;Mitochondria;Drosophila melanogaster;Insects;Cell staining;Transfection;Spodoptera;Plasmid construction
摘要：
There are conflicting reports on the role of cytochrome c during insect apoptosis. Our previous studies have showed that cytochrome c released from the mitochondria was an early event by western blot analysis and caspase-3 activation was closely related to cytochrome c release during apoptosis induced by baculovirus in Spodoptera litura cells (Sl-1 cell line). In the present study, alteration in mitochondrial morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and cytochrome c release from mitochondria in apoptotic Sl-1 cells induced with Anagrapha falcifera multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AfMNPV) has further been confirmed by immunofluoresence staining protocol, suggesting that structural disruption of mitochondria and the release of cytochrome c are important events during Lepidoptera insect cell apoptosis. We also used Sl-1 cell-free extract system and the technique of RNA interference to further investigate the role of cytochrome c in apoptotic Sl-1 cells induced by AfMNPV. Caspase-3 activity in cell- free extracts supplemented with exogenous cytochrome c was determined and showed an increase with the extension of incubation time. DsRNA-mediated silencing of cytochrome c resulted in the inhibition of apoptosis and protected the cells from AfMNPV-induced cell death. Silencing of expression of cytochrome c had a remarkable effect on pro-caspase-3 and pro-caspase-9 activation and resulted in the reduction of caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity in Sl-1 cells undergoing apoptosis. Caspase-9 inhibitor could inhibit activation of pro-caspase-3, and the inhibition of the function of Apaf-1 with FSBA blocked apoptosis, hinting that Apaf-1 could be involved in Sl-1 cell apoptosis induced by AfMNPV. Taken together, these results strongly demonstrate that cytochrome c plays an important role in apoptotic signaling pathways in Lepidopteran insect cells.
摘要：
Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases in humans. Recombinant baculoviruses have been used widely for many years to transduce transiently and stably a variety of mammalian cell types at high frequencies. In this study, to explore further the use of baculovirus as a gene delivery vehicle for study of transcription and translation mechanism of human bocavirus which lacks susceptible cell culture system, two recombinant baculoviruses were constructed: Bac-BoV-EGFP in which the EGFP gene was under the control of the HBoV1 promoter, and Bac-HBoV1 encompassing the nearly whole HBoV1 genonne without both termini. The data demonstrated that efficient gene delivery and expression were observed in numerous mammalian cells transduced by Bac-BoV-EGFP and the transduction rate was much greater than that in plasmid-based transfected cells. The analysis of transcription and translation in Bac-HBoV1 transduced A549 cells showed that two transcripts from NP1 gene were detected by RT-PCR and the NP1 was localized in the nucleus, suggesting that the Bac-HBoV1 recombinant baculovirus delivered efficiently the HBoV1 genome into A549 cells. In summary, this system provides a useful tool for analysis of the transcription and translation of some viruses lacking a virus-cell replication system. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
摘要：
通过对我国人民教育出版社和美国Holt,Rinehart and Winston公司出版的高中生物教材中的细胞大小与物质运输（扩散）关系这一实验进行比较,分析中美生物教材中实验内容的组织呈现方式及特点,从而对中美教材中实验内容的特色做出评价,为中外教材的相互借鉴和中学生物实验教学提供一些理论依据。
关键词：
Application;Ionic liquid;Wood related industries
摘要：
The use of ionic liquids (ILs) has provided a new platform for efficient utilization of wood. In this paper, applications of ILs in wood-related industries are reviewed. First, the dissolution of wood in ILs and its application are described. Then the ILs used for wood preservation and improvement of wood anti-electrostatic and fire-proof properties are illustrated. Finally, "green" wood processing with ILs is discussed. Although some basic studies of ILs, such as their economical syntheses and toxicology are eagerly needed and some engineering problems still exist, research for application of ILs in wood-related industries has made great progress in recent years.
