摘要：
MYB proteins represent one of the largest transcription factor (TF) families in plants, some of which act as key transcriptional regulators of secondary cell wall (SCW) biosynthesis. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fiber is thought to be an ideal single-cell model to study cell elongation and SCW biosynthesis. However, little knowledge regarding the TFs controlling fiber SCW biosynthesis, particularly for R2R3-MYBs is known. By far, no comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the secondary wall-associated R2R3-MYBs has been reported in cultivated tetraploid upland cotton. In this study, we identified 419 R2R3-MYB genes by systematically examining the cotton genome. A combination of phylogenetic, RNA-seq and co-expression analyses indicated that 36 R2R3-MYBs were either preferentially or highly expressed in 20 day post anthesis (dpa) fibers and are putative SCW regulators. Among these MYB genes, 22 MYBs are homologs of known SCW MYB proteins and the other 14 MYBs are novel proteins without prior reported SCW biosynthesis-related functions. Finally, we highlighted on the roles of two MYBs named GhMYB46_D13 and GhMYB46_D9, both of which displayed the highest expression in 20 dpa fibers. Expression of GhMYB46_D13 or GhMYB46_D9 individually in Arabidopsis resulted in ectopic SCW deposition in transgenic plants. Furthermore, both GhMYB46_D13 and GhMYB46_D9 were able to activate the cotton fiber SCW cellulose synthase gene promoters. Thus, we have identified 36 R2R3-MYBs as potential SCW regulators in cotton fibers that represent strong candidates for further functional studies during fiber development and SCW thickening.
作者机构：
[Li, Yan; Wang, Pengcheng] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Key Lab Deep Proc Major Grain & Oil, Minist Educ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Li, Jinquan; Yang, Xu] Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yixin; Gong, Zhiyong; Yang, Wu] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Proc & Transformat Agr Prod, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Xu] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Yang, Wu] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yang, Wu] W;[Yang, Xu] C;Wuhan Polytech Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, Peoples R China.;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
会议名称：
Joint Symposium of the 9th International Conference of th Chinese-Society-of-Micro-Nano-Technology (CSMNT) / Microsystems and Nanoengineering Summit (MAN)
会议时间：
AUG 17-20, 2018
会议地点：
Hohhot, PEOPLES R CHINA
会议主办单位：
[Li, Yan;Wang, Pengcheng] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Key Lab Deep Proc Major Grain & Oil, Minist Educ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.^[Li, Jinquan;Yang, Xu] Cent China Normal Univ, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.^[Wang, Yixin;Gong, Zhiyong;Yang, Wu] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Hubei Key Lab Proc & Transformat Agr Prod, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
3D organotypic culture;human lung fibroblasts;MnO2 nanowires;nanotoxicity
摘要：
The cancer transcriptome is remarkably complex, including low-abundance transcripts, many not polyadenylated. To fully characterize the transcriptome of localized prostate cancer, we performed ultra-deep total RNA-seq on 144 tumors with rich clinical annotation. This revealed a linear transcriptomic subtype associated with the aggressive intraductal carcinoma sub-histology and a fusion profile that differentiates localized from metastatic disease. Analysis of back-splicing events showed widespread RNA circularization, with the average tumor expressing 7,232 circular RNAs (circRNAs). The degree of circRNA production was correlated to disease progression in multiple patient cohorts. Loss-of-function screening identified 11.3% of highly abundant circRNAs as essential for cell proliferation; for approximately 90% of these, their parental linear transcripts were not essential. Individual circRNAs can have distinct functions, with circCSNK1G3 promoting cell growth by interacting with miR-181. These data advocate for adoption of ultra-deep RNA-seq without poly-A selection to interrogate both linear and circular transcriptomes.
摘要：
Current genetic variation patterns across different geographic areas are mainly the result of various historical processes, including paleoclimate oscillations and tectonic events. Southern China, characterized by a complex paleoclimate and topography, presents an opportunity to examine such genetic variation patterns. Herein, we selected three species of moustache toads (Leptobrachium boringii, Leptobrachium liui and Leptobrachium leishanense) distributed across southern China to elucidate historical processes that shaped their current phylogeographic patterns based on two mitochondrial genes and eight microsatellite loci. L. boringii and L. liui are estimated to have genetically diverged from the late Miocene to the Pleistocene, which were largely associated with paleoclimate oscillations and geological barriers generated by complex mountain systems in southern China. Within L. liui, a recent split was caused by the rising of the Wuyi Mountains during the early Pleistocene. Demographic analyses revealed that complex topography might play buffering roles in Leptobrachium species during the last glacial maximum. These findings not only highlight the combined effects of climatic oscillations and tectonic events on driving genetic divergences, but also contribute to the general understanding of the phylogeography in this biodiversity hotspot.
摘要：
Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) is extensively used as an environmentally friendly plasticizer. However, little is known about the adverse effects and the underlying mechanisms of DIDP exposure on immunological diseases. We aimed to determine the role and mechanisms of DIDP exposure in allergic contact dermatitis-like skin lesions. We show that oral DIDP exposure can aggravate allergic dermatitis in mice. Moreover, an increase of ROS, total serum IgE and IL-4 levels were concomitant with this deterioration. We detected the expression of Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and the activation of STATs and NF-kappa B signal pathways. The data indicated that DIDP in combination with FITC triggers TSLP production. Our results also suggested that DIDP exacerbated the activation of NF-kappa B signal pathways, with an enhancement in TSLP expression, which potentiated the activation of STATs and the degranulation of mast cells in the skin, and finally exacerbated allergic dermatitis. The study also suggested that melatonin enhanced the expression of Nrf2, up-regulated the antioxidant genes HO-1 and NQO1, reduced the levels of oxidative stress and TSLP, and alleviated allergic dermatitis. The results demonstrated that DIDP exacerbated allergic dermatitis through oxidative stress and enhanced TSLP production. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Currently, there is limited information about the relationship between manganese superoxide dismutase (sod2) c47t polymorphism and susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL).
The aim of this meta-analysis was to clarify the association between SOD2 C47T polymorphism and NIHL.
A search in PubMed and Web of Science was performed to collect data. All full-text, English-written studies containing sufficient and complete case-and-control data about the relationship between SOD2 C47T polymorphism and NIHL were included. Three eligible studies, comprising 1094 subjects, were identified. pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the strength of the association between SOD2 C47T polymorphism and NIHL.
No significant association between C47T polymorphism and risk of NIHL was found with the following combinations: T vs. C (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.63–1.09); TT vs. CC (OR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.22–1.09); CT vs. CC (OR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.25–1.17); TT vs. CC + CT (OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.50–1.32); CC vs. TT + TC (OR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.23–1.04). However, in subgroup analysis, a significant association was found for TT vs. CC + CT (OR = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.42–1.41) in the Chinese population.
The present meta-analysis suggests that SOD2 C47T polymorphism is significantly associated with increased risk of NIHL in the Chinese population. Further large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm this association.
Atualmente, são limitadas as informações acerca da relação entre o polimorfismo C47T de superóxido dismutase 2 (SOD2) dependente de manganês e suscetibilidade à perda auditiva induzida pelo ruído (PAIR).
O objetivo desta metanálise foi esclarecer a associação entre o polimorfismo C47T de SOD2 e PAIR.
Foi realizadas buscas no PubMed e Web of Science para coleta de dados. Foram incluídos todos os estudos no idioma inglês, contendo dados suficientes e completos de casos e controles sobre a relação entre o polimorfismo C47T de SOD2 e PAIR. Foram identificados três estudos qualificados, abrangendo 1.094 indivíduos. Foram calculadas as razões das chances (odds ratio, OR) acumuladas e intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95% para que fosse avaliada a potência da associação entre o polimorfismo C47T de SOD2 e PAIR.
Não foi encontrada uma associação significativa entre o polimorfismo C47T de SOD2 e risco de PAIR com as seguintes combinações: T vs. C (OR = 0,83, IC 95% = 0,63-1,09); TT vs. CC (OR = 0,49, IC 95% = 0,22-1,09); CT vs. CC (OR = 0,54, IC 95% = 0,25-1,17); TT vs. CC + CT (OR = 0,82, IC 95% = 0,50-1,32); CC vs. TT + TC (OR = 0,49, IC 95% = 0,23-1,04). Contudo, na análise de subgrupo, foi encontrada uma associação significativa para TT vs. CC + CT (OR = 0,77, 95% CI = 0,42-1.41) na população chinesa.
A presente metanálise sugere que o polimorfismo C47T de SOD2 demonstra associação significativa com maior risco de PAIR na população chinesa. Há necessidade de novos estudos de grande porte bem concebidos, para confirmação dessa associação.
摘要：
Millions of people are regularly exposed to ozone, a gas known to contribute significantly to worsening the symptoms of patients with asthma. However, the mechanisms underlying these ozone exacerbation effects are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the exacerbation effect of ozone in OVA induced asthma mice and tried to demonstrate the protective mechanism of vitamin E (VE). An asthma mouse model was established, and used to identify the exacerbating effects of ozone by assessing cytokine and serum immunoglobulin concentrations, airway leukocyte infiltration, histopathological changes in lung tissues, and airway hyper-responsiveness. We then determined the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated, the extent to which VE induced ROS elimination, and examined the antagonistic effects of VE on the ozone-induced exacerbating effects. This study showed that 1-ppm ozone exposure could exacerbate OVA-induced asthma in mice. More importantly we found that ozone induced oxidative stress in asthmatic airways may lead to the inhibition of Nuclear factorerythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and may subsequently induce even more exaggerated oxidative stress associated with asthma exacerbation. Through VE induced Nrf2 activation and the subsequent increase in Nrf2 target protein expression, this study suggests a novel mechanism for alleviating ozone exacerbated asthma symptoms. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
摘要：
Recent studies have shown that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes and PM2.5-induced oxidative stress is now commonly known as a proposed mechanism of PM2.5-mediated toxicity. However, the association between allergic symptoms in children and exposure to PM2.5 has not been fully elucidated, particularly the role of PM2.5 on the indoor environment involved in allergy or non-allergy is unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore whether indoor PM2.5 from the homes of children with allergic symptoms had more increased risks of allergy than that of healthy ones and then compare the toxicity and inflammatory response of them. In this study, indoor PM2.5 was collected from the homes of schoolchildren with allergic symptoms and those of healthy ones respectively, and components of PM2.5 were analyzed. PM2.5-mediated oxidative damage and inflammatory response were further evaluated in mouse peritoneal macrophages based on its effects on the levels of reactive oxygen species accumulation, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage or cytokine production. It seems that oxidative stress may contribute to PM2.5-induced toxicity, and PM2.5 from the allergic indoor environment produced more serious toxic effects and an inflammatory response on mouse peritoneal macrophages than that from a non-allergic indoor environment. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The association between allergic symptoms in children and exposure to PM2.5 has not fully elucidated, especially the role of PM2.5 from indoor environment involved in allergy or non-allergy is unknown. In this study, indoor PM2.5 from the homes of schoolchildren with allergic symptoms and those of healthy ones were analyzed. It suggested that oxidative stress may contribute to PM2.5-induced toxicity, and PM2.5 from allergic indoor environment produced more serious toxic effects and inflammatory response than that from non-allergic indoor environment.
摘要：
Given the extensive application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in biomedical fields, there is increasing concern regarding unintentional health impacts. Research into safe usage is therefore increasingly necessary. This study investigated the responses of the mouse brain to single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) delivered via intraperitoneal (IP) injection and compared these results with the previous study where SWCNTs were delivered via intravenous (IV) injection so as to explore which administration route is potentially better for SWCNTs application. This study suggests SWCNTs delivered via IP injection can have negative effects on the mouse brain through oxidative stress and inflammation at high concentration exposure, but these responses were not consistent and showed no dose-dependent effect. In a previous study, the results showed that IV-delivered SWCNTs induced a more consistent and dose-dependent effect. The comparison of the 2 studies suggested that using SWCNTs at a safe dosage delivered via IV injection may be a better administration route for SWCNTs in biomedical applications.
