作者机构：
[Fu, Ping; Li, Min; Li, Xueyan; Zhu, Miao; Fan, Changyu] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Sociol, 152 Luoyu Ave, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Fu, Ping] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Sociol, 152 Luoyu Ave, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
COVID-19;college students;time of disease onset;infection status;group differences
摘要：
College students represent a large group of people who frequently travel across regions, which increased their risk of infection and exacerbated the risk of COVID-19 spread throughout China. This study uses survey data from the end of April 2020 to analyze the status of COVID-19-infected cases, the group differences, and influencing factors in college students in Wuhan. The sample size was made up 4355 participants, including 70 COVID-19-infected students. We found that during the COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020, college students in Wuhan were primarily infected during off-campus events after winter break or infected in their hometowns after leaving Wuhan; the percentage of college students with severe cases was relatively low, and most had mild cases; however, a large proportion of asymptomatic cases may exist; there were significant group differences in gender, age and place of residence; and the risk of infection was closely related to the campus environment, in which the population density and number of faculty and students on campus had a significant impact. The results indicated that the infection of students did not occur at random, thus strengthening student health education and campus management can help curb the spread of COVID-19 among students.
作者机构：
[Zhou, Shuai] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Appl Social Sci, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Jiangang] Nankai Univ, Dept Sociol, Tianjin, Peoples R China.;[Zheng, Guanghuai] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Sociol, 152 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Guanghuai Zheng] S;School of Sociology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
摘要：
Although the requirements for nonprofit transparency are increasing worldwide, the implementation of disclosure practices remains questioned. Drawing on social network theory, this study proposed that the size of and position in interlocking board networks can increase the propensity of foundations to promote transparency. It also hypothesized that political embeddedness, measured by the presence of powerful government officials, will negatively affect information disclosure. Using a short panel data set spanning 2,372 Chinese foundations, results showed that foundations with more board interlocks and occupying a brokerage position were more likely to implement information disclosure. However, when foundations were embedded with the government through officials, their transparency ratings were lower. It was further found that the effects of brokerage position and political embeddedness were more salient in public fundraising foundations than in nonpublic fundraising foundations. These findings therefore allude to the urgency that encouraging networking activities and democratizing the charitable field could heighten the diffusion of transparency.
期刊：
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2021年18(19) ISSN：1661-7827
通讯作者：
Ma, Mingzi
作者机构：
[Zhang, Xinyi; Zheng, Guanghuai; Ma, Mingzi] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Sociol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yean] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Social Dev & Publ Policy, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Ma, Mingzi] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Sociol, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
health social work;public health;legitimacy;COVID-19;China;relationship
摘要：
Social work and public health have always shared a common mission and vision in promoting human health. However, existing research tends to view social work and public health as two separate fields at both practice and policy levels, and these studies have largely neglected the consideration of how to integrate public health and social work. In the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, the link between the two has been strengthened and health social work has been given more importance. The question addressed in this article is through what mechanisms or practices the social work profession can strengthen its professional status and engage in interprofessional collaboration. Based on key informant interviews and case studies (one community and two cabin Hospitals), this study points out that three legitimacy mechanisms are needed: operationalizing policy, extending value, and completing justification. Furthermore, the future and possible limitations in relation to the development of health social work in China are discussed and specific recommendations are provided. Health social work needs to conduct practices and summarize its experiences and methods, to create a more friendly political environment by translating its results into policies that are conducive to the development of health social work through a political agenda. It needs to improve upon its practical abilities and methodologies, as well as professional education relating to professional values and ethics, in addition to identifying the deeper social needs of residents and discovering new, undeveloped areas of service. Moreover, because long-term change is difficult to justify due to China's policy agendas, the question of whether the professional status of health social work in the post-epidemic context can be improved is something that needs to be further explored in future studies.</p>
摘要：
This study aimed to explore influencing factors for the psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on Wuhan college teachers, posttraumatic stress symptoms in particular, so as to inform evidence-based strategy development to ameliorate such adverse impacts. An online survey was conducted from 26 to 29 April 2020, and 1650 teachers (47.54% male; M=40.28 years, SD=8.3 years) enrolled in Wuhan universities and colleges participated. The results showed that the overall incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among college teachers was as high as 24.55%, but the average level of PTSD score was low (M=1.06, SD=0.72). Logistic regression analysis showed that for those with confirmed COVID-19, the ratio was much higher, up to 2.814 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.542, 5.136], p<0.001); that is, compared with those without symptoms, the ratio of PTSD increased by 181%. For those who had family members or relatives who died of COVID-19, the ratio was 5.592 (95% CI: [2.271, 13.766], p<0.001), 459% higher than those who had no one who died. But the living places during the pandemic had no significant effect on PTSD. The findings suggest that mental health services reducing PTSD should be provided. Teachers who confirmed COVID-19 or lost loved ones to COVID-19 should be given particular care.
