摘要：
The tiers of prefectures and counties are important indicators that reflect their political status,population and economic importance.By using historical quantitative analysis and GIS analysis methods,this paper unpacks the spatiotemporal changes of 339 prefectures and ...MORE The tiers of prefectures and counties are important indicators that reflect their political status,population and economic importance.By using historical quantitative analysis and GIS analysis methods,this paper unpacks the spatiotemporal changes of 339 prefectures and 1607 counties in Tang Dynasty.The results show that:(1)The number of prefecture tier Fu(府),Fu(辅),Xiong(雄)and county tier Chi(赤),Ji(畿),Ci-Chi(次赤)and Ci-Ji(次畿)was relatively stable in Tang Dynasty,while the number of Shang(上),Zhong(中),Xia(下)prefectures and counties changed drastically.In the late Tang Dynasty,the number of upgraded prefectures and counties was more than that of degraded prefectures and counties,with the most significant hierarchical change took place from Kaiyuan(713-741)to Yuanhe(806-820).(2)The spatio-temporal changes of prefectures and counties in Tang Dynasty was“high in the north and low in the south”.Guanzhong Plain was the highest area in the prefecture and county level.The temporal change was“falling in the north and rising in the south”.The Plain of Hubei and Hunan,Poyang Lake Plain and Taihu Plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River rose most significantly.(3)The tiers of prefectures and counties in the vicinity of the capital of the Tang Dynasty were most affected by political factors,while the tiers of the frontier fortresses and traffic throats were most affected by military factors.Other prefectures and counties tiers were mainly affected by economic factors,especially population size.(4)The spatio-temporal changes of the tiers of prefectures and counties in Tang Dynasty reflected the eastward and southward movement of the national political,demographic,urban and economic centers after the An-Shi Rebellion in the middle of the Tang Dynasty.FEWER
摘要：
地理学研究可持续发展旨在构建人与自然命运共同体，实现人类社会的永续发展。该文依托CNKI数据库、读秀资源库以及Web of Science数据库，限定主题词为“可持续” “可持续发展”和“可持续性”，采用CiteSpace软件对1994—2021年中国地理学者“可持续”研究的核心力量、重点区域与重要领域进行文献计量分析，结果表明：1）中国地理学者“可持续”研究的过程可分为快速兴起（1994—2001年）、稳定发展（2002—2011年）和整固深化（2012—2021年）三个阶段。2）中国开展“可持续”研究的地理学者多达624位，主要是自然地理学者和人文地理学者，研究机构多达258个，主要是中国科学院所属地理单位，机构间合作具有空间邻近性，机构空间分布具有东、中、西梯度分异性；中国地理学者“可持续”研究的对象区域以地方行政区域为主，服务国家重大区域发展战略的特色鲜明。3）中国地理学者“可持续”研究的重点领域有资源可持续利用、生态环境保护与建设、农业可持续发展、旅游可持续发展、可持续发展教育、可持续发展伦理、消除贫困与可持续生计、区域人地关系协调、城市可持续发展、农村可持续发展、区域可持续发展战略、区域可持续发展评价等。4）未来中国地理学者的“可持续”研究应在可持续发展专业人才培养、可持续发展理论体系完善、可持续发展研究领域拓展、可持续发展服务能力提升等方面下功夫。
作者机构：
[Gong, Shengsheng; Gong, SS; Yang, Mengmeng; Wang, Wuwei] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Huang, Shuqiong; Huo, Xixiang] Hubei Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Gong, SS ] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
摘要：
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease that commonly affects people and has an important impact on public health. Based on influenza incidence data from 103 counties in Hubei Province from 2009 to 2019, this study used time series analysis and geospatial analysis to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the influenza epidemic and its influencing factors. The results reveal significant spatial-temporal clustering of the influenza epidemic in Hubei Province. Influenza mainly occurs in winter and spring of each year (from December to March of the next year), with the highest incidence rate observed in 2019 and an overall upward trend in recent years. There were significant spatial and urban-rural differences in influenza prevalence in Hubei Province, with the eastern region being more seriously affected than the central and western regions, and the urban regions more seriously affected than the rural region. Hubei's influenza epidemic showed an obvious spatial agglomeration distribution from 2009 to 2019, with the strongest clustering in winter. The hot spot areas of interannual variation in influenza were mainly distributed in eastern and western Hubei, and the cold spot areas were distributed in north-central Hubei. In addition, the cold hot spot areas of influenza epidemics varied from season to season. The seasonal changes in influenza prevalence in Hubei Province are mainly governed by meteorological factors, such as temperature, sunshine, precipitation, humidity, and wind speed. Low temperature, less rain, less sunshine, low wind speed and humid weather will increase the risk of contracting influenza; the interannual changes and spatial differentiation of influenza are mainly influenced by socioeconomic factors, such as road density, number of health technicians per 1,000 population, urbanization rate and population density. The strength of influenza's influencing factors in Hubei Province exhibits significant spatial variation, but in general, the formation of spatial variation of influenza in Hubei Province is still the result of the joint action of socioeconomic factors and natural meteorological factors. Understanding the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of influenza in Hubei Province and its influencing factors can provide a reasonable decision-making basis for influenza prevention and control and public health development in Hubei Province and can also effectively improve the scientific understanding of the public with respect to influenza and other respiratory infectious diseases to reduce the influenza incidence, which also has reference significance for the prevention and control of influenza and other respiratory infectious diseases in other countries or regions.
作者机构：
[Meng, Ran; Wang, Chong (Alex); Zhou, Longfei; Xu, Binyuan; Sun, Rui] Huazhong Agr Univ, Macro Agr Res Inst, Interdisciplinary Sci Res Inst, Coll Resources & Environm, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.;[Gong, Shengsheng; Zhou, Yu; Zhao, Feng] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Key Lab Geog Proc Anal & Simulat Hubei Prov, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Chong (Alex); Dong, Yuntao] Peking Univ, Guanghua Sch Management, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Dawei] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst China Rural Studies, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Dawei] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst China Urban Governance Studies, Fac Polit Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Feng Zhao] K;[Dawei Zhang] I;Institute for China Rural Studies and Institute for China Urban Governance Studies, Faculty of Political Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Geographical Process Analysis & Simulation of Hubei Province/College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
关键词：
Big cities;Children's health and well-being;Education inequality;Environmental justice;School greenspace;Vegetation fraction cover
作者机构：
[龚胜生; 王无为] Institute of Sustainable Development, Central China Normal University, School of Urban and Environmental Science, Wuhan;430079, China;Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation of Hubei Province, Wuhan;Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University, Kingston;ON
作者机构：
[龚胜生; 张涛; 石国宁] College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Research Institute of Sustainable Development, Central China Normal University, Wuhan;430079, China;[李孜沫] School of Tourism and Economic Management, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang;330032, China;[谢海超; 陈发虎] Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
