作者机构：
[Bao, Lei; Han, Jing; Chen, Li] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.;[Bao, Lei; Cai, Tianfang] Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Li; Tu, Yan] Southeast Univ, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.;[Pi, Yuan] Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Shaona] S China Normal Univ, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Han, Jing] O;Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
摘要：
The Force Concept Inventory (FCI) is a 30-question multiple-choice assessment that has been a building block for much of the physics education research done today. In practice, there are often concerns regarding the length of the test and possible test-retest effects. Since many studies in the literature use the mean score of the FCI as the primary variable, it would be useful then to have different shorter tests that can produce FCI-equivalent scores while providing the benefits of being quicker to administer and overcoming the test-retest effects. In this study, we divide the 1995 version of the FCI into two half-length tests; each contains a different subset of the original FCI questions. The two new tests are shorter, still cover the same set of concepts, and produce mean scores equivalent to those of the FCI. Using a large quantitative data set collected at a large midwestern university, we statistically compare the assessment features of the two half-length tests and the full-length FCI. The results show that the mean error of equivalent scores between any two of the three tests is within 3%. Scores from all tests are well correlated. Based on the analysis, it appears that the two half-length tests can be a viable option for score based assessment that need to administer tests quickly or need to measure short-term gains where using identical pre- and post-test questions is a concern.
摘要：
With China’s rapidly developing economy and increasing urbanization, many adults from rural areas migrate to urban areas for better paid jobs. A side effect of this migration is that parents frequently leave their children behind (left-behind children). This research investigated left-behind children’s and non-left-behind children’s psychological, behavioral, and educational functioning. Survey participants included 1,708 adolescents (54.8% female; mean age = 15.03 ± 1.93 years) from rural areas in Central China. Additionally, 32 left-behind children and 32 head teachers were interviewed. Data indicated that in comparison to non-left-behind children, left-behind children were at a disadvantage in regard to emotional adjustment (i.e. lower life satisfaction, lower self-esteem, and higher depression), but fared better in educational adjustment (greater school engagement). Mitigating factors which positively influenced outcomes of certain subgroups of left-behind children included the presence of one parent, increased parental contact, and shorter length of time since parental migration. Information gathered from interviews with LBC also indicated adverse effects of parent absence on children’s development. Teachers identified education measures and support offered to left-behind children and reported difficulties in communicating with parents. Based on this study’s findings, and considering the perspective of educators, implications for school-based interventions are explored.
期刊：
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology,2015年43(1):81-93 ISSN：2730-7166
通讯作者：
Zhang, Wei
作者机构：
[Zhang, Wei; Bao, Zhenzhou] S China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.;[Li, Dongping] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Yanhui] Jiaying Univ, Sch Educ Sci, Meizhou, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Wei] S China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 55 Zhongshan West Ave, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Wei] S;S China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, 55 Zhongshan West Ave, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
关键词：
School climate;Delinquency;Effortful control;Deviant peer affiliation
摘要：
School climate is the quality and character of school life and reflects the norms, goals, values, interpersonal relationships, teaching and learning practices, and the organizational structure of a school. There is substantial literature documenting the negative association between positive school climate and adolescent delinquency, but little is known about the moderating and mediating mechanisms underlying this relationship. The aim of this study was to examine whether the direct and indirect pathways between school climate and adolescent delinquency would be moderated by effortful control. A sample of 2,758 Chinese adolescents (M age = 13.53 years, SD = 1.06) from 10 middle schools completed anonymous questionnaires regarding school climate, effortful control, deviant peer affiliation, and delinquency. After gender, age, geographical area, and socioeconomic status were included as covariates, the results revealed that school climate was significantly associated with adolescent delinquent behavior. This direct association was moderated by effortful control, such that the negative relationship between positive school climate and delinquency was only significant among adolescents low in effortful control. Moreover, the indirect association between school climate and delinquency via deviant peer affiliation was also moderated by effortful control. Specifically, the moderating effect of effortful control was not only manifested in the relationship between school climate and deviant peer affiliation, but also in the relationship between deviant peer affiliation and delinquency. These findings contribute to understanding the mechanisms through which positive school climate might reduce delinquent behavior and have important implications for prevention efforts aimed at diminishing adolescent delinquency.
期刊：
Social Science Research,2015年49:42-52 ISSN：0049-089X
通讯作者：
Wu, Yuning
作者机构：
[Jiang, Shanhe] Univ Toledo, Cent China Normal Univ, Dept Criminal Justice Social Work & Legal Special, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.;[Wu, Yuning] Wayne State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.;[Wu, Yuning] Wayne State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 3261 Fac Adm Bldg, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
通讯机构：
[Wu, Yuning] W;Wayne State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 3261 Fac Adm Bldg, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
摘要：
China's legal reforms have promoted the use of law and legal system to solve disputes. Based on data from a nationwide sample, this study examined among people who have recently encountered grievance/dispute, what is the relationship between their intention to use the court and their actual use of the court to solve the grievance/dispute, and what are the correlates that affect their intentions and actions of using legal versus other modes of remedies. The results highlight the primacy of administrative petitioning and non-governmental remedies in handing disputes. There is only a low degree of conjunction between people's reported willingness to use the law and their actual use of the law in addressing grievance/dispute. Education and urbanization play a significant role in legal mobilization. Further, type of grievance/dispute is among the most significant predictors for both intended and actual appeals to the court. Implications for future research are provided. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
期刊：
International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology,2015年59(7):772-789 ISSN：0306-624X
通讯作者：
Jiang, Shanhe
作者机构：
[Goodlin-Fahncke, Wendi; Jiang, Shanhe] Univ Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.;[Huang, Chengxiang; Zhang, Dawei; Chen, Qi; Zhao, Anna; Jiang, Shanhe; Xiang, Deping; Yang, Shengyong] Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Shanhe] Univ Toledo, Dept Criminal Justice Social Work & Legal Special, HH3000A,Mail Stop 119,2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
通讯机构：
[Jiang, Shanhe] U;Univ Toledo, Dept Criminal Justice Social Work & Legal Special, HH3000A,Mail Stop 119,2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
关键词：
community corrections;public support;attitude;China
摘要：
There are a variety of factors that have been associated with support for the use of community corrections in the West. However, little research has been completed to examine if these same factors are also associated with support for the use of community corrections in China. This exploratory study examined the degree of agreement and support of 764 Chinese citizens on the use of community corrections methods. Results indicated that most respondents supported the use of community corrections methods rather than traditional incarceration methods. In addition, five attitudes (the punishment perspective, the rehabilitation perspective, the humanitarian perception, cost-effectiveness, and risk) toward the use of community corrections methods were examined and all were found to be significantly associated with the support of community corrections in present-day China.
期刊：
Journal of Educational Computing Research,2015年53(1):55-74 ISSN：0735-6331
通讯作者：
Zhang, Si
作者机构：
[Liu, Qingtang; Zhang, Si] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Educ Informat Technol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Qiyun] Nanyang Technol Univ, Natl Inst Educ, Learning Sci & Technol Acad Grp, Singapore 639798, Singapore.;[Zhang, Si] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Educ Informat Technol, 152 Luoyu St, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhang, Si] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Educ Informat Technol, 152 Luoyu St, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
关键词：
in-service teacher;K12;TPACK;teacher professional development
摘要：
Technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge (TPACK) has been considered as a promising theoretical framework to guide teacher educators in designing and developing in-service K12 teacher education programs. However, it seems unclear whether in-service teachers have different TPACK perceptions when entering the education programs. This study surveyed the TPACK perceptions of 2,728 Chinese in-service K12 teachers. A questionnaire adapted from Koh, Chai, and Tsai’s survey was validated by reliability and validity tests. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that Chinese in-service K12 teacher’s TPACK perceptions could be grouped into five scales. Analyses of means and standard deviation of all the variables of the TPACK construct to examine Chinese in-service K12 teachers’ TPACK perceptions showed that teachers had rated themselves as slightly above five points for all the variables. Independent sample t tests to examine the relationships between in-service K12 teachers’ gender and the TPACK variables indicated that male teachers rated themselves higher than female teachers for the variable content knowledge (CK) and lower for the variable pedagogical content knowledge. F tests to examine the relationships between in-service K12 teachers’ years of service and the TPACK variables revealed that young in-service K12 teachers tended to perceive better in the capacities of applying technology and worse in the capacities of teaching method and subject matter. Hierarchical regression analysis to explore which variables (technological knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, CK, pedagogical content knowledge, technological content knowledge, and technological pedagogical knowledge) could predict the variable of TPACK showed that in-service K12 teachers’ perceptions of pedagogical knowledge, technological knowledge, and CK had the largest positive effect on the TPACK variable.
关键词：
Semantics;Phonology;Event-related potentials;Phonemes;Word recognition;Lexicons;Lexical decision tasks;Law and legal sciences
摘要：
ERPs were elicited to (1) words, (2) pseudowords derived from these words, and (3) nonwords with no lexical neighbors, in a task involving listening to immediately repeated auditory stimuli. There was a significant early (P200) effect of phonotactic probability in the first auditory presentation, which discriminated words and pseudowords from nonwords; and a significant somewhat later (N400) effect of lexicality, which discriminated words from pseudowords and nonwords. There was no reliable effect of lexicality in the ERPs to the second auditory presentation. We conclude that early sublexical phonological processing differed according to phonotactic probability of the stimuli, and that lexically-based redintegration occurred for words but did not occur for pseudowords or nonwords. Thus, in online word recognition and immediate retrieval, phonological and/or sublexical processing plays a more important role than lexical level redintegration.
摘要：
This study examines the influence of personality manipulations on female facial attractiveness ratings. One hundred and twenty participants (60 males and 60 females) were randomly divided into three groups (40 per group). Prior to the experiment, all participants rated 60 facial stimuli on attractiveness. After two weeks, the participants again rated the same facial stimuli on attractiveness, when they were presented with positive, negative, or no personality information. Results showed no significant difference in attractiveness scores among the three groups during the first rating. However, during the second rating, a significant effect for each group as well as a significant interaction between attractiveness and the group were found, with the attractiveness scores of all three groups differing significantly for the faces with high, medium, and low attractiveness (positive information group > no information group > negative information group, all p < 0.05). We find that "what is good is beautiful," with personality reflecting desired traits as facial attractiveness. This phenomenon can also be called the "halo effect." We can thus presume that personality traits may contribute to judging facial attractiveness and that the personality traits desired in a person are reflected in facial preference. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词：
Suicide;Schools;Child abuse;Finance;Medical risk factors;Human families;Psychological stress;Chinese people
摘要：
BACKGROUND: Although the independent effects of childhood adversities and of recent negative events on suicidality have been well-documented, the combinative role of childhood and recent adversities on risk for suicidality is still underexplored, especially in the context of Chinese culture and in consideration of specific types of negative events. METHOD: 5989 students, randomly sampled from six universities in central China, completed the online survey for this study. Suicidal behavior, life adversity during childhood and stressful events in recent school life were assessed with designed questionnaires. RESULTS: Students experiencing recent stressful life events more often reported an experience of life adversity during childhood. While recent stressful life events and childhood life adversity both were associated with an increased risk for suicidal behavior, the two exposures presented conjunctively and acted interactively to increase the risk. There was noticeable variation of effects associated with specific childhood life adversities, and sexual abuse, poor parental relationship, divorce of parents and loss of a parent were among the adversities associated with the highest increased risk. Recent conflicts with classmates, poor school performance and rupture of romantic relationships were the recent school life stressors associated with the highest increased risk. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood adversity and recent school life stressors had a combinative role in predicting suicidality of young people studying in Chinese colleges. Unhappy family life during childhood and recent interpersonal conflicts in school were the most important predictors of suicidality in this population.
期刊：
Journal of Affective Disorders,2014年166:22-29 ISSN：0165-0327
通讯作者：
Yang, Xu
作者机构：
[Yang, Xu; Jiang, Mingdi] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Sect Environm Biomed, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.;[Qin, Ping] Univ Oslo, Natl Ctr Suicide Res & Prevent, Inst Clin Med, Oslo, Norway.;[Yang, Xu] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Sect Environm Biomed, Bldg 5,152 Luo Yu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Yang, Xu] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hubei Key Lab Genet Regulat & Integrat Biol, Sect Environm Biomed, Bldg 5,152 Luo Yu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Allergy;Asthma;Cytokines;Depression
摘要：
Background: Depression is often present in patients with asthma and vice versa. In this review, we aimed to summarize reports on the comorbidity of depression and asthma, and to seek evidence that the biological mechanisms of allergy may have an important role linking asthma and depression. Method: To explore the relationship and pathway underpinning this comorbidity, we reviewed medical articles and undertook a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies on (i) incidence of asthma in patients with depression; (ii) morbidity of depression in patients with asthma; (iii) concentration of cytokines in depressed subjects. Results: High level of comorbidity of asthma and depression was consistently demonstrated in 10 studies of patients with asthma and four studies of patients with depression. In search of biological connection of the two illnesses, thirty-eight studies were included for Meta-analyses examining differences in allergy related cytokines between patients with depression and non-depressive subjects. In people with depression, concentration of monocytes related cytokines such as IL-1 (1.56 ng/mL, 95% CI: 0.00-312, p=0.05) was significantly higher than that in non-depressive control subjects. At the same time some other inflammatory factors including IL-4 (5.77 pg/mL, 95% CI: 2.34-9.21, p=0.00010), IL-6 (1.44 ng/mL, 95% CI: 1.05-1.82, p < 0.00001) and TNF-alpha(3.01 ng/mL, 95% CI: 1.76-4.26, p < 0.00001) were extremely significantly higher in depressed people compared with the controls. There was no significant differences of the T cell related cytokine levels, IFN-gamma (-0.16 ng/mL, 95% CI: -0.85-7.73, p=0.97), accompanied with IL-10 (0.67 ng/mL, 95% CI: -0.84-2.18, p=0.38) between depressive and non depressive groups. Conclusions: The varying levels of certain cytokines play an important role in arousing and remitting asthma and depression. That suggests inflammatory response could be a common pathway adjusting both depression and asthma. (C) 2014 Elsevier By, All rights reserved.
关键词：
Digital library;User experience;Index mechanism;Integrated interface;Java;Portable document format (PDF)
摘要：
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel approach to integrate portable document format (PDF) interface into Java-based digital library application. It bridges the gap between conducting content operation and viewing on PDF document asynchronously. Design/methodology/approach - In this paper, the authors first review some related research and discuss PDF and its drawbacks. Next, the authors propose the design steps and implementation of three modes of displaying PDF document: PDF display, image display and extensible markup language (XML) display. A comparison of these three modes has been carried out. Findings - The authors find that the PDF display is able to completely present the original PDF document contents and thus obviously superior to the other two displays. In addition, the format specification of PDF-based e-book does not perform well; lack of standardization and complex structure is exposed to the publication. Practical implications - The proposed approach makes viewing the PDF documents more convenient and effective, and can be used to retrieve and visualize the PDF documents and to support the personalized function customization of PDF in the digital library applications. Originality/value - This paper proposes a novel approach to solve the problem between content operation and the view of PDF synchronously, providing users a new tool to retrieve and reuse the PDF documents. It contributes to improve the service specification and policy of viewing the PDF for digital library. Besides, the personalized interface and public index make further development and application more feasible.
作者机构：
[Zhang, Xiaobin; Li, Qiong] Northwest Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Lanzhou, Peoples R China.;[Eskine, Kendall J.] Loyola Univ, Dept Psychol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.;[Zuo, Bin] Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zuo, Bin] C;Cent China Normal Univ, Sch Psychol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Perception;Face;Sensory perception;Analysis of variance;Normal distribution;Psychological attitudes;Sexual and gender issues;Statistical data
摘要：
The current studies extend perceptual symbol systems theory to the processing of gender categorization by revealing that gender categorization recruits perceptual simulations of spatial height and size dimensions. In study 1, categorization of male faces were faster when the faces were in the "up" (i.e., higher on the vertical axis) rather than the "down" (i.e., lower on the vertical axis) position and vice versa for female face categorization. Study 2 found that responses to male names depicted in larger font were faster than male names depicted in smaller font, whereas opposite response patterns were given for female names. Study 3 confirmed that the effect in Study 2 was not due to metaphoric relationships between gender and social power. Together, these findings suggest that representation of gender (social categorization) also involves processes of perceptual simulation.
摘要：
A growing body of empirical evidence has shown that although social support (SS) can predict subjective well-being (SWB), the relationship between SS and SWB is still unclear. In this study we investigated the role that positive psychological capital (PPC) plays in the relationship between SS and SWB. The results showed that PPC, SS, and SWB were positively related. The more important result, however, was that PPC mediated the relationship between SS and SWB. The findings are discussed in the context of the importance of PPC for SWB. Limitations in this study and implications for future research are identified.
期刊：
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL,2014年49(1):143-158 ISSN：0010-3802
通讯作者：
Yan, Miu Chung
作者机构：
[Zhang, Da Wei] Cent China Normal Univ, Coll Sociol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Da Wei] Cent China Normal Univ, Res Ctr Social Dev & Social Policy, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Da Wei] Hubei Econ & Social Dev Res Inst, Wuhan, Peoples R China.;[Yan, Miu Chung] Univ British Columbia, Sch Social Work, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.
通讯机构：
[Yan, Miu Chung] U;Univ British Columbia, Sch Social Work, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.
